The castle of La Calahorra: its courtyard conceived by a Florentine on the work-site

Este artículo investiga la cronología y el papel de los dos arquitectos florentinos del Castillo de La Calahorra, con la forma única de su patio con bóvedas de arista en sus dos pisos, y en el anexo de su escalera axial.This article inquires on the date of La Calahorra Castle as residence, the unique form its courtyard with quadripartite vaults built on two stories, and its western annex for a staircase on central axis, and on its two Florentine architects

The Aesthetics of Internationalism: Culture and Politics on Display at the 1935-1936 International Exhibition of Chinese Art

This article examines the 1935–1936 International Exhibition of Chinese Art in London, “the largest Chinese cultural event ever mounted,” and the first to be organized jointly by both the British and the Chinese governments. By analyzing this exhibition at multiple stages (from its conception, to the selection, transportation, and display of the artifacts, to their return to the owners), this study demonstrates that this event was a staged spectacle of internationalism, one that celebrated not only Chinese art but also the peoples and the internationalist policies that had led to their display. As such, it represents an important chapter in the history of internationalism, of China’s place in the international arena, and of the relationship between politics and aesthetics in the twentieth century

The “Unhappy Consciousness”. A Paradigm of Reason’s Speculative Power

One way to address the question concerning the nature of reason consists in inquiring rational anxieties such as the tension between changeable and unchangeable. The yearning of the particular towards the universal, the iterative, interminable quest of the thinking is namely something which seems to be proper of many systems of classical German philosophy (but not only). In this paper I want to consider this problematic focusing on the figure of the unhappy consciousness which is perhaps the clearest expression of this tension and use it to approach Hegel’s account on speculative reason. After recalling – in the first section – the figures which precede the unhappy consciousness, I will address the question concerning the historicity and universality of the development of the consciousness, asking if it is the case that the unhappy consciousness belongs only to a particular historical age (and needs specific historical preconditions) or if it expresses a general feature of reason or of human experience. In the second and the third sections, namely, I will try to defend this second interpretation by showing that the unhappy consciousness not only is central in Hegel’s system and is re-echoed in several figures of the Phenomenology of the Spirit but it is also central in other philosophical systems. For instance, as I will show in the fourth section, Kant’s ethical thinking could be read under the light of the unhappy consciousness, whose unsatisfied yearning towards the universal is the expression and source of the speculative or metaphysical thinking

The Humble Reason. On Education in Kant and Fichte

In this paper I will focus on education as the core function of reason in Kant and Fichte. The notion of reason carries an intrinsic tendency to universality, which is difficult to be reconciled with its local (cultural, historical, anthropological) background and actualisation. I believe that the stress on the importance of learning, which can be seen in the works of both Kant and Fichte, might provide useful clues to approaching the relation between universality and particularity. I will start by focusing on Kant’s narration on the genealogy of human reason in the Conjectural Beginning of Human History, and then move on to the critical writings and selected lectures in order to focus on the role of human dignity and ethical education for the moral appraisal and the practice of virtue. Later, I will consider Fichte’s lectures on the Vocation of the Scholar, the Vocation of Man and The Characteristics of the Present Age, which are crucial to understanding the social, ethical and political role of the scholar. For Fichte, education is the best instrument to eradicate selfishness, regarded as a historical phenomenon which can lead a nation to ruin. I will then provide some conclusions concerning the two accounts and their implications

Immagini dei nostri maestri. Memorie di scuola nel cinema e nella televisione dell’Italia repubblicana.

Review of the book PAOLO ALFIERI (a cura di). Immagini dei nostri maestri. Memorie di scuola nel cinema e nella televisione dell’Italia repubblicana. Roma: Armando, 2019.Reseña del libro PAOLO ALFIERI (a cura di). Immagini dei nostri maestri. Memorie di scuola nel cinema e nella televisione dell’Italia repubblicana. Roma: Armando, 2019

Kant's Notion of Human Dignity in Dialogue with Islamic Thinking: For an Interstitial and Extra-National Account of Human Dignity

Public international law is concerned with the relationship between human dignity and human rights. Concepts such as person, freedom and justice occur in legal texts, often without an accurate definition. To solve these ambiguities, thus contributing to developing a virtuous legal and political debate, a philosophical clarification might be helpful. In this article, my aim is to provide an analysis of the notion of human dignity in Kant’s works and in Islamic thought and to evaluate how Kant’s approach can offer tools that are relevant to the current debates on dignity in both Western and non-Western traditions

Bermuda Grass Hay Did Not Improve Performance of Stocker Calves Grazing Annual Ryegrass at a High Stocking Rate

From the nutritional standpoint, annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) can provide up to 32% crude protein which is approximately twice what a fall-weaned calf requires at that point in life (250 kg) with observed daily gains of 1 to 1.5 kg (Scaglia et al., 2009). Approximately 15% of the N that similar calves consumed while grazing cool season pastures is retained and 60% is excreted in urine (NRC, 1996). This lack of efficiency might be corrected by limiting access to ryegrass (high N content) while keeping cattle on low quality hay when off the pastures. The objective of the present experiment was to compare performance and grazing behavior of calves continuously stocked on annual ryegrass, grazing it or receiving hay on alternate days, or 72 h on ryegrass and 96 h with ad libitum access to hay

Fatal Naegleria fowleri Meningoencephalitis, Italy

We report the first case of primary amebic meningoencephalitis in Italy, in a 9-year-old boy. Clinical course was fulminant, and diagnosis was made by identifying amebas in stained brain sections and by indirect immunofluorescence analysis. Naegleria fowleri was characterized as genotype I on the basis of polymerase chain reaction test results

Experimental comparison of control strategies for trajectory tracking for mobile robots

The purpose of this paper is to implement, test and compare the performance of different control strategies for tracking trajectory for mobile robots. The control strategies used are based on linear algebra, PID controller and on a sliding mode controller. Each control scheme is developed taking into consideration the model of the robot. The linear algebra approaches take into account the complete kinematic model of the robot; and the PID and the sliding mode controller use a reduced order model, which is obtained considering the mobile robot platform as a black-box. All the controllers are tested and compared, firstly by simulations and then, by using a Pioneer 3DX robot in field experiments.Fil: Capito, Linda. Escuela Politécnica Nacional; EcuadorFil: Proaño, Pablo. Escuela Politécnica Nacional; EcuadorFil: Camacho, Oscar. Escuela Politécnica Nacional; EcuadorFil: Rosales, Andrés. Escuela Politécnica Nacional; EcuadorFil: Scaglia, Gustavo Juan Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan; Argentin

Representación de los números reales en la recta

We state and justify a conjecture concerning the comparative complexity of the representation of real numbers on the line versus other representations. The Introduction provides the setting of the subject and states the conjecture. Part 1 deals with the controversial line's «nature» and depicts several interpretations of the straight line. Part 2 analyses the particular phenomenology related to the assignment of real numbers to the line's points, in order to extract some limitations of such an assignment. Part 3 compares several representations of real numbers with the representation on the line, and presents a set of distinctive features for the latter. This paper, theoretically oriented, comes from a broader research work addressed to uncover epistemological obstacles related to the representation of real numbers on the straight line. We are doing a work field, involving students of several levels, on this subject