108 research outputs found
SMT and Hybrid systems of the QTLeap project in the WMT16 IT-task
This paper presents the description of 12
systems submitted to the WMT16 IT-task,
covering six different languages, namely
Basque, Bulgarian, Dutch, Czech, Portuguese
and Spanish. All these systems
were developed under the scope of the
QTLeap project, presenting a common
strategy. For each language two different
systems were submitted, namely a phrase-based
MT system built using Moses, and
a system exploiting deep language engineering
approaches, that in all the languages
but Bulgarian was implemented
using TectoMT. For 4 of the 6 languages,
the TectoMT-based system performs better
than the Moses-based one
Module-based multiscale simulation of angiogenesis in skeletal muscle
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Mathematical modeling of angiogenesis has been gaining momentum as a means to shed new light on the biological complexity underlying blood vessel growth. A variety of computational models have been developed, each focusing on different aspects of the angiogenesis process and occurring at different biological scales, ranging from the molecular to the tissue levels. Integration of models at different scales is a challenging and currently unsolved problem.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We present an object-oriented module-based computational integration strategy to build a multiscale model of angiogenesis that links currently available models. As an example case, we use this approach to integrate modules representing microvascular blood flow, oxygen transport, vascular endothelial growth factor transport and endothelial cell behavior (sensing, migration and proliferation). Modeling methodologies in these modules include algebraic equations, partial differential equations and agent-based models with complex logical rules. We apply this integrated model to simulate exercise-induced angiogenesis in skeletal muscle. The simulation results compare capillary growth patterns between different exercise conditions for a single bout of exercise. Results demonstrate how the computational infrastructure can effectively integrate multiple modules by coordinating their connectivity and data exchange. Model parameterization offers simulation flexibility and a platform for performing sensitivity analysis.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This systems biology strategy can be applied to larger scale integration of computational models of angiogenesis in skeletal muscle, or other complex processes in other tissues under physiological and pathological conditions.</p
Deep dive machine translation
Machine Translation (MT) is one of the oldest language technologies having
been researched for more than 70 years. However, it is only during the last decade
that it has been widely accepted by the general public, to the point where in many
cases it has become an indispensable tool for the global community, supporting communication
between nations and lowering language barriers. Still, there remain major
gaps in the technology that need addressing before it can be successfully applied
in under-resourced settings, can understand context and use world knowledge. This
chapter provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art in the field of MT, offers
technical and scientific forecasting for 2030, and provides recommendations for the
advancement of MT as a critical technology if the goal of digital language equality
in Europe is to be achieved
Rheology of dense suspensions of elastic capsules:normal stresses, yield stress, jamming and confinement effects
We study the shearing rheology of dense suspensions of elastic capsules,
taking aggregation-free red blood cells as a physiologically relevant example.
Particles are non-Brownian and interact only via hydrodynamics and short-range
repulsive forces. An analysis of the different stress mechanisms in the
suspension shows that the viscosity is governed by the shear elasticity of the
capsules, whereas the repulsive forces are subdominant. Evidence for a dynamic
yield stress above a critical volume fraction is provided and related to the
elastic properties of the capsules. The shear stress is found to follow a
critical jamming scenario and is rather insensitive to the
tumbling-to-tank-treading transition. The particle pressure and normal stress
differences display some sensitivity to the dynamical state of the cells and
exhibit a characteristic scaling, following the behavior of a single particle,
in the tank-treading regime. The behavior of the viscosity in the fluid phase
is rationalized in terms of effective medium models. Furthermore, the role of
confinement effects, which increase the overall magnitude and enhance the
shear-thinning of the viscosity, is discussed.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures; as published. Soft Matter, 201
Cerebral malaria in children: using the retina to study the brain
Cerebral malaria is a dangerous complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection, which takes a devastating toll on children in sub-Saharan Africa. Although autopsy studies have improved understanding of cerebral malaria pathology in fatal cases, information about in vivo neurovascular pathogenesis is scarce because brain tissue is inaccessible in life. Surrogate markers may provide insight into pathogenesis and thereby facilitate clinical studies with the ultimate aim of improving the treatment and prognosis of cerebral malaria. The retina is an attractive source of potential surrogate markers for paediatric cerebral malaria because, in this condition, the retina seems to sustain microvascular damage similar to that of the brain. In paediatric cerebral malaria a combination of retinal signs correlates, in fatal cases, with the severity of brain pathology, and has diagnostic and prognostic significance. Unlike the brain, the retina is accessible to high-resolution, non-invasive imaging. We aimed to determine the extent to which paediatric malarial retinopathy reflects cerebrovascular damage by reviewing the literature to compare retinal and cerebral manifestations of retinopathy-positive paediatric cerebral malaria. We then compared retina and brain in terms of anatomical and physiological features that could help to account for similarities and differences in vascular pathology. These comparisons address the question of whether it is biologically plausible to draw conclusions about unseen cerebral vascular pathogenesis from the visible retinal vasculature in retinopathy-positive paediatric cerebral malaria. Our work addresses an important cause of death and neurodisability in sub-Saharan Africa. We critically appraise evidence for associations between retina and brain neurovasculature in health and disease, and in the process we develop new hypotheses about why these vascular beds are susceptible to sequestration of parasitized erythrocytes
Relatório de estágio em farmácia comunitária
Relatório de estágio realizado no âmbito do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, apresentado à Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbr
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