The role of adaptability and LMX for change support

Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.Employee adaptability is of crucial importance in today's dynamic business environments. Yet, we still have limited knowledge of how the effects of individual adaptability are influenced by the work environment, and leaders in particular. In light of Uncertainty Reduction Theory, we hypothesized that employees with high adaptability will be more trustful toward change management and more supportive of the change, particularly when Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) is high. At two points in time, we collected data from 244 employees working in companies undergoing substantial organizational changes. Our main findings support the theoretical model, offering important insights into the mechanisms and boundary conditions involved in employees’ change responses. Practitioners should beware that while individual adaptability is a central element for change responses, it also largely depends on social relationships within the work context (i.e., LMX), suggesting the need to stimulate both in order to promote the appropriate change response.inpres

Cheating on Unproctored Internet Intelligence Tests: Strategies and Effects

A crucial issue concerning unproctored Internet-based testing (UIT) of cognitive ability is its susceptibility to cheating. Whereas evidence indicates that cheating during UIT occurs, there is still little information about possible cheating strategies and their effects on (sub)test performance. Using a randomized experimental design, this study investigated the direct effects of cheating on an Internet-based test of cognitive ability by comparing test performance of cheaters (participants who were instructed to cheat) and successful cheaters (participants who thought their cheating had been successful) with that of non-cheaters. Successful cheaters obtained substantially higher scores compared to cheaters who thought they had been unsuccessful in cheating and non-cheaters. The effect of cheating depended on subtest type and the number and type of cheating strategy being used. Suggestions are made for further research and for safeguarding future UIT procedures from cheating. Keywords: unproctored Internet testing, cognitive ability test, cheating, experimen

Learning climate and workplace learning: Does work restructuring make a difference?

In the current study, we propose that organizational learning climate in terms of facilitation learning climate, appreciation learning climate, and error-avoidance climate has the capacity to enhance employees’ level of newly acquired competences. Additionally, we investigated whether this relationship holds when employees face work-restructuring. Structural Equation Modeling was used to test the hypotheses on a large sample of the Dutch working population (N = 1013). The results showed that work restructuring moderated the hypothesized relationships. Under conditions of high restructuring, facilitation learning climate was an important predictor of learning outcomes; yet, under conditions of low work restructuring, appreciation learning climate was more effective. The current paper contributes to research on organizational change and workplace learning by providing evidence that organizational change can impact the way organizational learning climate supports employee learning

Supervisor idea adoption scale:Construction, reliability and initial validity evidence

Despite the importance of workplace innovation, the adoption of creative ideas at workplace level has received little attention due to a lack of measures for idea adoption. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a scale that measures employees’ perceptions of the process of idea adoption. Specifically, the scale assesses employee perceptions of their supervisor's behavior in terms of idea openness, selection and application. Three studies were conducted to develop the supervisor idea adoption scale and investigate the scale scores’ psychometric properties (Study 1, n = 326); concurrent, convergent and divergent validity (Study 2, n = 333); and test–retest reliability over a three month period (Study 3, n = 189). The findings indicated good psychometric properties: the 3-factor structure was supported, and the scales scores showed internal consistency and retest reliability. Furthermore, the scale scores’ associations with other variables provided initial evidence for concurrent, convergent and divergent validity. Several recommendations are made for the application of the scale in research and practice.</p

Workload: friend or enemy? :The role of goal orientation for the appraisal of workload

In the research literature, workload is considered a challenging task requirement which can lead to both exhaustion and engagement. This study questions this a priori categorization and aims to provide more insight into the processes that relate workload to exhaustion and engagement. The first assumption holds that individuals’ appraisal of their workload determines whether workload will relate to engagement or exhaustion. It is also assumed that workers’ goal orientation will moderate the relationship between workload and appraisal. These assumptions were investigated in a cross-sectional study with 233 workers. The findings showed that hindrance appraisal was positively related to exhaustion while challenge appraisal was positively related to engagement. Moreover, learning goal orientation (GO) played a role; with workers high in learning GO appraising their workload as more challenging; an effect that sharply decreased with increasing workload. No moderating effect was found for performance-prove GO and performance-avoid GO. This research contributes to a better understanding of the role of appraisal processes in the relationship between workload and employee well-being. Implications for future research and practical implications are discussed

Employability en individuele ontwikkeling op het werk

De aandacht voor de employability en individuele ontwikkeling van medewerkers is de laatste decennia behoorlijk toegenomen. Door veranderingen binnen en buiten organisaties is een behoefte aan flexibele organisaties met breed inzetbaar personeel ontstaan en zijn werknemers zelf verantwoordelijk geworden voor de eigen loopbaanontwikkeling en werkzekerheid. Dit artikel gaat in op recente veranderingen op het werk die de achtergrond vormen van de nadruk op leren en inzetbaarheid. Daarna wordt aandacht besteed aan de begrippen employability en werkgerelateerd leren, aan factoren die verbonden zijn met individuele ontwikkeling op het werk en aan de invloed van leeftijd op ontwikkeling. Daarmee is dit artikel tevens de start van een nieuwe reeks in Gedrag & Organisatie: 'Individuele ontwikkeling en employability in organisaties'

An Open Time Perspective and Social Support to Sustain in Healthcare Work: Results of a Two-Wave Complete Panel Study

Based on lifespan developmental psychology and psychosocial work characteristics theory, we examined longitudinal relations between calendar age, occupational time perspective, different types of job demands and job resources in relation to sustainable employability (i.e., work ability, vitality and employability) among healthcare workers in Netherlands (N = 1478). Results of our two-wave complete panel study revealed satisfactory fit indices for the metric invariance of the included variables across the two waves (6-month time lag). Our results revealed a negative relation between calendar age and external employability of healthcare workers (limited support for hypothesis 1), and more consistent evidence for positive relations between an open future time perspective and across-time changes in vitality, work ability and external employability (supporting hypothesis 2). Few significant findings were found for relations between specific job demands or job resources and indicators of sustainable employability of healthcare workers (mixed results hypotheses 3 and 4). Our explorative tests of possible moderating effects of age or occupational time perspective in predicting relations between psychosocial work characteristics and indicators of sustainable employability revealed only a significant interaction effect of supervisor support and future time perspective in explaining across-time changes in external employability of healthcare workers (rejecting hypothesis 5 and confirming hypothesis 6). We discuss the practical as well as theoretical implications of these findings, and present recommendations for future research.publishedVersio

The Robo-AO-2 facility for rapid visible/near-infrared AO imaging and the demonstration of hybrid techniques

We are building a next-generation laser adaptive optics system, Robo-AO-2, for the UH 2.2-m telescope that will deliver robotic, diffraction-limited observations at visible and near-infrared wavelengths in unprecedented numbers. The superior Maunakea observing site, expanded spectral range and rapid response to high-priority events represent a significant advance over the prototype. Robo-AO-2 will include a new reconfigurable natural guide star sensor for exquisite wavefront correction on bright targets and the demonstration of potentially transformative hybrid AO techniques that promise to extend the faintness limit on current and future exoplanet adaptive optics systems.Comment: 15 page

The Gene Ontology of eukaryotic cilia and flagella.

BACKGROUND: Recent research into ciliary structure and function provides important insights into inherited diseases termed ciliopathies and other cilia-related disorders. This wealth of knowledge needs to be translated into a computational representation to be fully exploitable by the research community. To this end, members of the Gene Ontology (GO) and SYSCILIA Consortia have worked together to improve representation of ciliary substructures and processes in GO. METHODS: Members of the SYSCILIA and Gene Ontology Consortia suggested additions and changes to GO, to reflect new knowledge in the field. The project initially aimed to improve coverage of ciliary parts, and was then broadened to cilia-related biological processes. Discussions were documented in a public tracker. We engaged the broader cilia community via direct consultation and by referring to the literature. Ontology updates were implemented via ontology editing tools. RESULTS: So far, we have created or modified 127 GO terms representing parts and processes related to eukaryotic cilia/flagella or prokaryotic flagella. A growing number of biological pathways are known to involve cilia, and we continue to incorporate this knowledge in GO. The resulting expansion in GO allows more precise representation of experimentally derived knowledge, and SYSCILIA and GO biocurators have created 199 annotations to 50 human ciliary proteins. The revised ontology was also used to curate mouse proteins in a collaborative project. The revised GO and annotations, used in comparative 'before and after' analyses of representative ciliary datasets, improve enrichment results significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Our work has resulted in a broader and deeper coverage of ciliary composition and function. These improvements in ontology and protein annotation will benefit all users of GO enrichment analysis tools, as well as the ciliary research community, in areas ranging from microscopy image annotation to interpretation of high-throughput studies. We welcome feedback to further enhance the representation of cilia biology in GO