Design as a positive stimulus in a Brazilian hospital environment

The new coronavirus pandemic has put healthcare professionals, patients and family members under pressure and stress, causing mental health issues especially in the healthcare community. Studies show that a positive environment plays an important role in the well-being of individuals, impacting physical and psychological security of people. This article presents a project developed for the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, that through graphic interventions softened the effects of combating COVID-19 for the healthcare staff and patients throughout the pandemic. The project is detailed and the discussion presents the main points considered in the process of decision making. Results show how design can play an important role in helping, not only the Covid-2019 pandemic, but also in making hospitals more hospitable places

Segurança do paciente assistido na atenção primária

Quality has become a factor of great significance, directing institutions to national and international markets, requiring organizational success and development. The expression “patient safety” refers to the reduction, to an acceptable minimum level, of the risk of unnecessary harm associated with health care. It can be considered a relatively new area of knowledge, related to the sphere of management and quality, which gained momentum from the 2000s onwards. The Health Units have been growing gradually over the decades, being annually accredited by the National Accreditation Organization (ONA), meeting the goals established for a safe practice for the patient. The present work has the final objective of demonstrating the safety goals standardized by the ONA, exposing the adequate practice to the patient assisted in primary care units. This is a qualitative literature review study, with a temporal cut in the last ten years, addressing the proposed theme. The scientific databases PubMed, SciELO, LILACS and Google Scholar were consulted, also considering in this work, citations and references within the articles used that precede the proposed time frame. Thus, to thoroughly demonstrate these safety items in this study, it was exposed from this conception of what a Primary Health Care service is to the safety goals applied within health units in Brazil.A qualidade se tornou um fator de grande significância, encaminhando instituições para os mercados nacionais e internacionais, requerendo êxito organizacional e desenvolvimento. A expressão “segurança do paciente” refere-se à redução, a um nível mínimo aceitável, do risco de dano desnecessário associado ao cuidado de saúde. Pode ser considerada uma área relativamente nova do conhecimento, afeita à esfera da gestão e da qualidade, que ganhou impulso a partir da década de 2000 . As Unidades de Saúde vêm crescendo gradativamente ao longo das décadas, sendo anualmente acreditadas pela Organização Nacional de Acreditação (ONA), atendendo as metas estabelecidas para uma prática segura ao paciente. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo final de demonstrar as metas segurança padronizadas pela ONA, expondo a prática adequada ao paciente assistido em unidades de atenção primária. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica do tipo qualitativa, com recorte temporal nos últimos dez anos, abordando a temática proposta. Foram consultadas as bases de dados cientificas PubMed, SciELO, LILACS e Google Acadêmico, considerando também neste trabalho, as citações e referencias dentro dos artigos utilizados que antecedem o recorte temporal proposto. Desta forma, para demonstrar minuciosamente estes itens de segurança neste estudo, foi exposto deste a concepção do que é um atendimento em Atenção Primária de Saúde até as metas de segurança aplicadas dentro das unidades de saúde no Brasil

A violência de Estado e a busca pelo acesso à justiça

O tema deste artigo são as violações de Direitos Humanos decorrentes da violência de Estado, materializada nos crimes ocorridos na Baixada Santista/SP em maio de 2006. Parte da pesquisa Violência do Estado no Brasil: um estudo dos Crimes de Maio de 2006 na perspectiva da Justiça de Transição e da Antropologia Forense, realizada pelo Centro de Antropologia e Arqueologia Forense, da Universidade Federal de São Paulo – CAAF/UNIFESP, focando nas narrativas dos familiares das vítimas, o artigo analisa a violência de Estado na negativa ao acesso à justiça, à informação e à memória. Conclui-se que houve uma permanente negação de justiça na falta de investigação e no arquivamento precoce de inquéritos. Aos familiares negou-se o direito à informação, foram sujeitados a ironias, perseguição, calúnia. Mostra-se fundamental dar visibilidade às histórias e às lutas para que não sejam esquecidos e para que não continuem excluídos da proteção de Direitos e do Acesso à Justiça

Violência de Estado no Brasil: uma análise dos Crimes de Maio de 2006 na perspectiva da antropologia forense e da justiça de transição - relatório final

O objetivo deste relatório é apresentar os resultados do projeto “Violência de Estado no Brasil: um estudo dos Crimes de Maio de 2006 na perspectiva da antropologia forense e da justiça de transição”. A pesquisa analisou sessenta casos de pessoas assassinadas na região da Baixada Santista entre os dias 12 e 20 de maio de 2006, a fim de entender a dinâmica da violência, o perfil das vítimas e analisar indícios de execução sumária. Dessa forma, esperamos que os resultados possam contribuir com o esclarecimento dos crimes e com a demanda de justiça dos familiares das vítimas, e também colaborar com o debate sobre a violência de Estado no Brasil e com a construção de uma democracia real no país, conforme estabelecido pelos pilares da justiça de transição

Educação Popular e Universidade: vivências a partir da extensão, pesquisa e ensino

Este livro é um apanhado histórico, mas atual. É uma reunião de relatos, textos, reflexões, processos, partilhas, que versam sobre nosso sonho de construir uma educação libertadora, um mundo de liberdade. Ainda há muito que ser construído e o caminho é árduo, não temos dúvida. A verdadeira práxis revolucionária não se nutre de seres apenas caminhantes, mas de seres que se envolvem com o caminhar, que são capazes de mudar, mudando a si mesmos também. Somos indivíduos sociais e pintamos o quadro da vida em múltiplas linguagens. É por isso que este livro também carrega diferentes apostas acadêmico-estético-políticas. Por meio de fotografias, poesias, relatos, ensaios e reflexões teóricas, olhares que abordaram com muito carinho e rigor o universo do PET Educação Popular. Foi escrito por várias mãos que constituíram a trajetória do grupo nas diversidades humanas (relações de sexo/gênero), étnico-raciais (negros, indígenas, imigrantes, nordestinos, pobres em geral) e de classes sociais. Combate-se assim, nas ações concretas, as desigualdades sociais, de sexo/gênero, étnico-racial etc, o patriarcado, machismo, LGBTQIA+fobia, o racismo e o capitalismo, a falta de democracia, de liberdade, que outrora iluminaram a modernidade do Capital.Ministério da Educação (MEC

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Global variations in diabetes mellitus based on fasting glucose and haemogloblin A1c

Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but may identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, and whether those who were previously undiagnosed and detected as having diabetes in survey screening had elevated FPG, HbA1c, or both. We developed prediction equations for estimating the probability that a person without previously diagnosed diabetes, and at a specific level of FPG, had elevated HbA1c, and vice versa. The age-standardised proportion of diabetes that was previously undiagnosed, and detected in survey screening, ranged from 30% in the high-income western region to 66% in south Asia. Among those with screen-detected diabetes with either test, the agestandardised proportion who had elevated levels of both FPG and HbA1c was 29-39% across regions; the remainder had discordant elevation of FPG or HbA1c. In most low- and middle-income regions, isolated elevated HbA1c more common than isolated elevated FPG. In these regions, the use of FPG alone may delay diabetes diagnosis and underestimate diabetes prevalence. Our prediction equations help allocate finite resources for measuring HbA1c to reduce the global gap in diabetes diagnosis and surveillance.peer-reviewe