Preditores de comportamentos de autocuidado em indivíduos com insuficiência cardíaca no Brasil

Objetivo: Identificar preditores de comportamentos de autocuidado em indivíduos com insuficiência cardíaca no Brasil.Método: Estudo transversal com 405 pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. Os comportamentos de autocuidado foram analisados através do Self-Careof Heart Failure Index (Índice de Autocuidado na Insuficiência Cardíaca). Características clínicas e sociodemográficas foram investigadas como preditores da manutenção do autocuidado, de sua administração, e da confiança, por meio de regressões logísticas. Resultados: Os preditores da manutenção do autocuidado foram o número de filhos (p<0.01), a fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (p<0.01), sentimentos positivos sobre a doença (p=0.03), obesidade (p=0.02), e doença renal dialítica crônica (p<0.01). Os preditores de administração do autocuidado foram ter filhos casados (p<0.01) e apneia (p<0.01). Os preditores de confiança no autocuidado foram renda familiar (p<0.01), número de internações nos 12 meses anteriores (p=0.01), número de doses de medicação diárias (p<0.01), e sedentarismo (p<0.01).Conclusão: Encontrou-se alguns preditores associados aos comportamentos de autocuidado, de modo que educação intensiva e auxílio social deveriam ser oferecidos aos pacientes com essas características.Descritores: Insuficiência cardíaca. Autocuidado. Autogestão. Comportamento relacionados com a saúde. Enfermage

Microwave-Driven Hexagonal-to-Monoclinic Transition in BiPO4: An In-Depth Experimental Investigation and First-Principles Study

Present theoretical and experimental work provides an in-depth understanding of the morphological, structural, electronic, and optical properties of hexagonal and monoclinic polymorphs of bismuth phosphate (BiPO4). Herein, we demonstrate how microwave irradiation induces the transformation of a hexagonal phase to a monoclinic phase in a short period of time and, thus, the photocatalytic performance of BiPO4. To complement and rationalize the experimental results, first-principles calculations have been performed within the framework of density functional theory. This was aimed at obtaining the geometric, energetic, and structural parameters as well as vibrational frequencies; further, the electronic properties (band structure diagram and density of states) of the bulk and corresponding surfaces of both the hexagonal and monoclinic phases of BiPO4 were also acquired. A detailed characterization of the low vibrational modes of both the hexagonal and monoclinic polymorphs is key to explaining the irreversible phase transformation from hexagonal to monoclinic. On the basis of the calculated values of the surface energies, a map of the available morphologies of both phases was obtained by using Wulff construction and compared to the observed scanning electron microscopy images. The BiPO4 crystals obtained after 16–32 min of microwave irradiation provided excellent photodegradation of Rhodamine B under visible-light irradiation. This enhancement was found to be related to the surface energy and the types of clusters formed on the exposed surfaces of the morphology. These findings provide details of the hexagonal-to-monoclinic phase transition in BiPO4 during microwave irradiation; further, the results will assist in the design of electronic devices with higher efficiency and reliability

LC‐HRMS for the Identification of β‐Carboline and Canthinone Alkaloids Isolated from Natural Sources

β-carboline and canthinone alkaloids are widely distributed in the Angiosperms. Due to their diverse biological activities, the structures of these alkaloids have been used as important models for the synthesis of novel therapeutic drugs. Combining high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has provided a valuable tool in the analysis of these alkaloids in, for example, plants, insects, marine creatures, human tissues and body fluids. In this review, we summarized the main β-carboline and canthinone alkaloids studied by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) associated with mass analyzers, molecular weight information, mass fragmentation and biological activities, presenting an overview of increasing interest for carboline alkaloids study by LC-HRMS

Efeito do cálcio sobre as características anátomicas de raízes de milho (Zea mays L.) ¨Saracura¨ BRS-4154 submetido ao alagamento em casa de vegetacao

Saracura” BRS-4154 maize is an alternative for the areas subject to temporary flooding. Researches have been demonstrating that CaCl2 presence in flooded germination atmosphere increases “Saracura” maize tolerance to that condition. This work was conducted in greenhouse at Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, located in Sete Lagoas – MG, with the objective of obtaining better knowledge of anatomical alterations in “Saracura” BRS-4154 maize under the effect of calcium and flooding. Plants were submitted to treatments with and without addition of 300 kg ha-1 calcium chloride, incorporated in the whole soil. Each treatment was evaluated under regular irrigation conditions and under flooding imposed from stage V6 until flowering; the control treatment had normal irrigation and no calcium application. Assay evaluations were accomplished during flowering. Five to eight cm detached roots fragments were submitted to classic micro techniques to make and analyze tissues. Anatomical differences were observed among treatments - flooded and with normal irrigation - in relation to epidermis thickness, thicker in normal conditions. The aerenchyma presence only occurred in plants in flooded conditions, proving that those are not constituent of this species. The aerenchyma proportion decreased with calcium application, showing the participation of this ion in cell wall structure, avoiding disordered collapse and increasing the survival of the plant in flooded conditions. Calcium application influenced cellular epidermis arrangement and promoted a smaller exoderm thickness in normal irrigation conditions

Sensory characteristics and chemical composition of pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis) smoked with the presence and absence of the carapace

Abstract - Objective of this study was to evaluate the smoking process in pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis) prepared with and without the shell, through the proximal composition and sensory characteristics. Thus, we used 60 tails (abdomen) shrimp with individual average weight of 16.67 g, were divided into two treatments, with and without shell. After curing, they were evaluated sensorily, portions 30 tasters, using a simple stimulation method and 90 g samples were stored (-15 °C) for later analysis proximal composition. The smoked shrimp showed average values ​​of crude protein (28.93%), moisture (62.15%), lipids (1.30%) and ash (8.14%) higher compared to the shrimp in natura (88.72%, 10.36%, 0.43% and 0.92%, respectively). There was no effect of the presence or absence of the shell in the proximal composition of smoked shrimp (p <0.05). Regarding the sensory evaluation, the tasters showed preference to shrimp samples with no shell, through the grades given in the sensory analysis. Among the characteristics evaluated were no differences (p <0.05) in appearance and flavor. The smoking process positively changed the proximal composition of shrimp and were approved by the tasters.The objective of this study was to evaluate the smoking process in pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis) prepared with and without the shell, through the proximal composition and sensory characteristics. Thus, we used 60 tails (abdomen) shrimp with individual average weight of 16.67 g, were divided into two treatments, with and without shell. After curing, they were evaluated sensorily, with 30 tasters, using a simple stimulation method and 90 g samples were stored (-15 ºC) for later analysis of proximal composition. The smoked shrimp showed average values of crude protein (28.93%), moisture (62.15%), lipids (1.30%) and ash (8.14%) higher than shrimp in natura (88.72%, 10.36%, 0.43% and 0.92%, respectively). There was no effect of the presence or absence of the shell in the proximal composition of smoked shrimp (p < 0.05). Regarding the sensory evaluation, the tasters showed preference to shrimp samples with no shell, through the grades given in the analysis. Among the characteristics evaluated were no differences (p < 0.05) in appearance and flavor. The smoking process positively changed the proximal composition of shrimp and were approved by the tasters

Dectin-1 Activation Exacerbates Obesity and Insulin Resistance in the Absence of MyD88

This work was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, grant numbers 11/15682-4, 12/02270-2, 15/18121-4), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Regenera INCT Process Grant 465656/2014-5). JL is funded by the NIH/NIDDK R01DK106210. GDB is funded by the Wellcome Trust and the MRC Centre for Medical Mycology. Open access journalPeer reviewedPublisher PD

Copy number variations in Friesian horses and genetic risk factors for insect bite hypersensitivity

Background: Many common and relevant diseases affecting equine welfare have yet to be tested regarding structural variants such as copy number variations (CNVs). CNVs make up a substantial proportion of total genetic variability in populations of many species, resulting in more sequence differences between individuals than SNPs. Associations between CNVs and disease phenotypes have been established in several species, but equine CNV studies have been limited. Aim of this study was to identify CNVs and to perform a genome-wide association (GWA) study in Friesian horses to identify genomic loci associated with insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH), a common seasonal allergic dermatitis observed in many horse breeds worldwide. Results: Genotypes were obtained using the Axiom® Equine Genotyping Array containing 670,796 SNPs. After quality control of genotypes, 15,041 CNVs and 5350 CNV regions (CNVRs) were identified in 222 Friesian horses. Coverage of the total genome by CNVRs was 11.2% with 49.2% of CNVRs containing genes. 58.0% of CNVRs were novel (i.e. so far only identified in Friesian horses). A SNP- and CNV-based GWA analysis was performed, where about half of the horses were affected by IBH. The SNP-based analysis showed a highly significant association between the MHC region on ECA20 and IBH in Friesian horses. Associations between the MHC region on ECA20 and IBH were also detected based on the CNV-based analysis. However, CNVs associated with IBH in Friesian horses were not often in close proximity to SNPs identified to be associated with IBH. Conclusions: CNVs were identified in a large sample of the Friesian horse population, thereby contributing to our knowledge on CNVs in horses and facilitating our understanding of the equine genome and its phenotypic expression. A clear association was identified between the MHC region on ECA20 and IBH in Friesian horses based on both SNP- and CNV-based GWA studies. These results imply that MHC contributes to IBH sensitivity in Friesian horses. Although subsequent analyses are needed for verification, nucleotide differences, as well as more complex structural variations like CNVs, seem to contribute to IBH sensitivity. IBH should be considered as a common disease with a complex genomic architecture

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states