SISTEMA DE CLASIFICACIÓN DE CÉLULAS PATOLÓGICAS EN CITOLOGÍA CERVICAL

El cáncer de cuello uterino es el cuarto más frecuente en las mujeres de todo el mundo según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, aunque su incidencia ha disminuido mediante la aplicación de diversas políticas de prevención y tamizaje, siendo la principal el estudio de Papanicolaou. Dichas medidas han significado un aumento importante en la cantidad de trabajo de los médicos citopatólogos, llegando a producir sobrecarga y escasez de personal calificado. Siendo la observación de las imágenes microscópicas la etapa final del estudio, y la que más impacta en el trabajo de los médicos, proponemos la aplicación de métodos de Deep Learning y técnicas novedosas de visión computacional, a efectos brindar apoyo a los profesionales en esta tarea. Aunque el desarrollo del algoritmo que clasificará diferentes tipos de atipias aún se encuentra en etapa de desarrollo, aspiramos a colaborar en una reducción de carga de trabajo de los profesionales, con la posibilidad de beneficiar también a los pacientes mediante diagnósticos más rápidos y confiables. Además, se presenta un nuevo conjunto de datos de imágenes diversas de citología en base líquida, marcadas y etiquetadas según la clasificación del sistema Bethesda.

Segurança e Saúde Ocupacional dos Motoristas de Caminhão Autônomos: Uma Revisão da Literatura

The road freight transport sector has different models for contracting freight, a factor that negatively impacts the working conditions offered to drivers. The working hours of Brazilian truck drivers are, as a rule, linked to their employment relationship with the contracting carrier. The main objective of the research was to identify and analyze the main occupational health and safety aspects that affect self-employed drivers. The research consisted of a literature review in the SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science databases, in which a structured process was used, including planning, execution and analysis of the researched data. Fatigue and drowsiness during activity are considered a major health problem for the category, not only because they affect well-being, but also because they impact vehicle driving performance and, consequently, safety. The findings are in line with the discussions brought about by the growing informalization of the work of the self-employed, which submits them to temporary contracts, without guarantees of labor rights, with exhausting hours. This article reflects on fatigue and sleepiness as the main causes of traffic accidents, making it essential to establish minimum conditions to be observed by any service contracting party.O setor de transporte rodoviário de cargas possui diferentes modelos de contratação de fretes, fator que impacta negativamente nas condições de trabalho oferecidas aos motoristas. A jornada de trabalho dos caminhoneiros brasileiros está, como regra, ligada à sua relação trabalhista com a transportadora contratante. O principal objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar e analisar os principais aspectos de saúde e segurança ocupacional que afetam os motoristas autônomos. A pesquisa consistiu em uma revisão da literatura nas bases de dados SciELO, Scopus e Web of Science, na qual se utilizou um processo estruturado, abrangendo um planejamento, execução e análise dos dados pesquisados. A fadiga e a sonolência durante a atividade são consideradas um grande problema de saúde para a categoria, não só porque afetam o bem-estar, mas também porque impactam no desempenho da condução do veículo e, consequentemente, na segurança. Os achados vão ao encontro das discussões trazidas sobre a crescente informalização do trabalho dos autônomos, que os submete à contratos temporários, sem garantias de direitos trabalhistas, com jornadas exaustivas. Este artigo faz uma reflexão sobre a fadiga e a sonolência como as principais causas dos acidentes de trânsito, tornando-se imprescindível o estabelecimento de condições mínimas a serem observadas por qualquer contratante do serviço

Improving the efficacy of selenium fertilizers for wheat biofortification

© 2019, The Author(s). Increasing the selenium (Se) concentration of staple crops by fertilization is a valuable pathway to increase Se in the human diet, thus preventing Se deficiency. A pot trial was set up to investigate whether the application of 3.33 µg kg−1 of Se (equivalent to 10 g ha−1) to wheat can be made more efficient by its co-application with macronutrient carriers, either to the soil or to the leaves. In the soil, Se was applied either on its own (selenate only) or as a granular, Se-enriched macronutrient fertilizer supplying nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium or sulfur. Selenium was also applied to leaves at head emergence with, or without, 2% w/v N fertilizers. With grain Se concentrations varying from 0.13–0.84 mg kg−1, soil application of selenate-only was 2–15 times more effective than granular Se-enriched macronutrient fertilizers in raising grain Se concentrations. Co-application of foliar Se with an N carrier doubled the Se concentration in wheat grains compared to the application of foliar Se on its own, the majority of which was in the highly bioavailable selenomethionine fraction. Results from this study demonstrate the possibility of improving the efficacy of Se fertilizers, which could enrich crops with Se without additional application costs in the field

Effects of effortful swallowing on cardiac autonomic control in individuals with neurogenic dysphagia: A prospective observational analytical study

Considering that neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia is a prevalent condition with or without cardiac disease we should contemplate issues surrounding cardiovascular difficulties during rehabilitation. This study aims to evaluate the effects of effortful swallowing maneuver (ESM) on heart rate variability (HRV) in subjects with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia. We studied 22 individuals [8 Stroke and 14 Parkinson Disease (PD) subjects aged between 41 and 75 years old] with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia regardless of gender. HRV was assessed under two circumstances: spontaneous swallowing versus ESM. Surface electromyography of the suprahyoid muscles was undertaken to measure the swallowing muscle excitation, which then confirmed higher muscle activity during ESM. We attained no changes in HRV between the two swallowing events [HR: spontaneous swallowing 78.68 ± 13.91 bpm vs. ESM 102.57 ± 107.81 bpm, p = 0.201; RMSSD (root-mean square of differences between adjacent normal RR intervals in a time interval): spontaneous swallowing 16.99 ± 15.65 ms vs. ESM 44.74 ± 138.85 ms, p = 0.312; HF (high frequency): spontaneous swallowing 119.35 ± 273 ms2 vs. ESM 99.83 ± 194.58 ms2, p = 0.301; SD1 (standard deviation of the instantaneous variability of the beat-to-beat heart rate): spontaneous swallowing 12.02 ± 1.07 ms vs. ESM 31.66 ± 98.25 ms, p = 0.301]. The effortful swallowing maneuver did not cause clinically significant changes in autonomic control of HR in this group of subjects with oropharyngeal dysphagia

Molecular taxonomy and evolutionary hypothesis concerning Astyanax fasciatus (Characiformes, Characidae) from Vila Velha State park and Tibagi and Iguaçu Rivers

A species complex hypothesis involving Astyanax fasciatus from southern Brazil was tested using 12S mtDNA sequences. Phylogenetic inferences were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian as phylogenetic methods and Hemigrammus bleheri as the outgroup. Besides 11 sequences from A. fasciatus, the data set was comprised of other partial 12S sequences including material from Astyanax altiparanae (two sequences) and Astyanax sp (four sequences), both from the Iguaçu River. The hypothesis of an A. fasciatus species complex was reinforced given the close relationship between A. altiparanae and Astyanax sp observed in the Bayesian tree. Consequently, a taxonomic revision is necessary for these species. © FUNPEC-RP

Ondeleta de Morlet Aplicada à Análise de Correlações por Escala entre Grandezas Escalares Medidas acima de uma Lavoura de Arroz

An analysis has been performed to investigate the Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST) validity in the atmospheric surfacelayer (ASL) above a rice field in a homogeneous area in Paraíso do Sul,RS. Statistical calculations have been applied to turbulent fluctuationsprojected on scales by means of the Wavelet Transform (WT). It hasbeen determined on which scales, physical factors such as surfaceroughness or local circulations occurrence, affect meteorological scalarfields (temperature, humidity and CO2 concentrations) measured withfast response devices installed in a tower, under different atmosphericstability and soil use conditions.Foi efetuada uma análise de validade da Teoria da Similaridadede Monin-Obukhov (TSMO) na camada limite superficial (CLS) acimade uma lavoura de arroz em região praticamente homogênea em Paraísodo Sul, RS. Utilizaram-se cálculos estatísticos aplicados às flutuaçõesturbulentas por escala através da decomposição proporcionada pela Transformadaem Ondeletas (TO). Determinou-se em que escalas fatores físicos,como a rugosidade superficial ou ocorrência de circulações locais,afetaram os campos de escalares (temperatura, umidade e concentraçãode CO2) medidos com instrumentos de resposta rápida instalados emtorre, sob diferentes condições de estabilidade atmosférica e coberturado solo

Using of essential oils in the treatment of mice infected with Trypanosoma evansi

Objective. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of copaiba, andiroba and aroeira essential oils for controlling trypanosomosis by Trypanosoma evansi with mice as experimental model. Materials and methods. Sixty-six mice were divided into eleven groups (A to L) with six animals each. Group A was the unique composed by healthy and uninfected animals (negative control). Animals in groups B to L were inoculated with 0.1 mL of blood containing 2.7 x 106 trypanosomes. Group B was used as a positive control without treatment. In experiment were tested copaiba (C, D and E), andiroba (F, G and H) and aroeira (I, J and L) oils at doses of 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 mL kg-1 to infected mice (T. evansi). Results. These protocols did not provide curative efficacy; however, the mice treated with highest dose of copaiba showed a significant increase in the longevity when compared others groups. Conclusions. Previously in our studies, these essential oils have shown trypanocidal activity in vitro, but when they were tested in vivo in mice infected with T. evansi, this trypanocidal activity, or the curative effect was not found, being only able to prolong the lifespan of the animals treated with copaiba oil

Massage application for occupational low back pain in nursing staff

This is a clinical trial which aims to evaluate the efficiency of massage in the reduction of occupational low back pain, and its influence on the performance of work and life activities for the nursing team. The sample consisted of 18 employees who received seven to eight sessions after their work period. From the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, significant improvements were found between the 3rd and 1st evaluations (p=0.000) and between the 3rd and 2nd (p=0.004), using the Wilcoxon test. Regarding the Oswestry Disability Index, the paired t test showed a statistical difference (p=0.02) between the baseline, with a mean of 21.33% and the second evaluation (18.78%), which was also seen between the second and third evaluation (16.67%). The score for the Handling and Transfer Risk Evaluation Scale was 18 points (medium risk). It is concluded that massage was effective in reducing occupational low back pain, and provided improvement in activities of work and life. Clinical Trials Identifier: NCT01315197

In vitro effect of seven essential oils on the reproduction of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus

AbstractThe acaricidal effect of seven essential oils was examined in vitro against the cattle tick (Rhipicephalus microplus). Engorged female ticks were manually collected in farms of Southern Brazil and placed into petri dishes (n=10) in order to test the following oils: juniper (Juniperus communis), palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii), cedar (Cedrus atlantica), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), ginger (Zingiber officinale), geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) and bergamot (Citrus aurantium var bergamia) at concentrations of 1%, 5%, and 10% each. A control group was used to validate the tests containing Triton X-100 only. Treatment effectiveness was measured considering inhibition of tick oviposition (partial or total), egg’s weight, and hatchability. C. martinii, C. citratus and C. atlantica essential oils showed efficacy higher than 99% at all concentrations tested. In addition, J. communis, Z. officinale, P. graveolens, and C. aurantium var bergamia oils showed efficiency ranging from 73% to 95%, depending on the concentration tested, where higher concentrations showed greater efficacy. It was concluded that essential oils can affect tick reproduction in vitro by inhibiting oviposition and hatchability