SUPERAÇÃO DE DORMÊNCIA DE SEMENTES E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MUDAS DE JATOBAZEIRO EM SUBSTRATOS ALTERNATIVOS

The propagation of the jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.) by seeds is highly promising in the recovery of degraded areas. Thus, the present work had as objective to identify methods for overcoming seeds dormancy and alternative substrates for production of jatobazeiro seedlings. In a first experiment with four replications, seven seeds treatments were used: scarification with sandpaper (SS), SS and immersion in water for 24 h, SS and immersion in water for 48 h, intact seed, seed immersed in water for 48 h and seed immersed in water for 96 h. Emergency evaluations were performed every two days, in the period from 13 to 52 days after sowing. In a second experiment with three replicates, in randomized blocks, seven substrates were used: commercial substrate (CS); 40% SC + 60% forest humus (FH); 40% SC + 60% charcoal rice husk (CRH); 40% SC + 60% bovine manure (BM); 40% CRH + 60% BM; 40% CRH + 60% FH; e 40% FH + 60% BM. At 50, 70 and 120 days after sowing were evaluated the parameters: seedling height, leafs number, stem diameter, aerial part fresh matter, roots fresh matter, dry matter of aerial part, leafs and roots, and leaf area. At 120 DAS, the chlorophyll index was also evaluated. The scarification with sandpaper and immersion of seeds in water for 24 hours showed better seedlings emergence results. The mixture containing 40% FH and 60% BM gave more vigorous seedlings, especially at 120 days.A propagação do jatobazeiro (Hymenaea courbaril L.) por sementes é altamente promissora na recuperação de áreas degradadas. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar métodos de superação de dormência de sementes e substratos alternativos para produção de mudas de jatobazeiro. Num primeiro experimento com quatro repetições, utilizou-se sete tratamentos de sementes: escarificação com ácido sulfúrico, escarificação com lixa (EL), EL e imersão em água por 24 h, EL e imersão em água por 48 h, semente intacta (SI), SI imersa em água por 48 h e SI imersa em água por 96 h. As avaliações de emergência foram realizadas a cada dois dias, no período de 13 a 52 dias após a semeadura. Num segundo experimento com três repetições, em blocos ao acaso, foram utilizados sete substratos: substrato comercial (SC); 40% SC + 60% húmus de mata (HM); 40% SC + 60% casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC); 40% SC + 60% esterco bovino (EB); 40% CAC + 60% EB; 40% CAC + 60% HM; e 40% HM + 60% EB. Aos 50, 70 e 120 dias após semeadura (DAS) foram avaliados: altura de muda, número de folhas, diâmetro de caule, matéria fresca da parte aérea e de raízes, matéria seca da parte aérea, de folhas e raízes, área foliar. Aos 120 DAS avaliou-se também o índice de clorofila. A escarificação com lixa e imersão das sementes em água por 24 horas apresentou melhor emergência. A mistura de 40% HM + 60% EB originou mudas mais vigorosas, sobretudo aos 120 dias

Use of commercial mycorrhizal fungi in stress-free growing conditions of potted olive cuttings

Biofertilizers of mycorrhizal fungi have been mainly tested in nutrient-limited soils or harsh environmental conditions, which have helped to highlight their beneficial role in plant growth. However, their benefits in stress-free growing conditions have not yet been properly proven. In this work, a commercial mycorrhizal fungi, composed of 18 ecto and endomycorrhizal fungi, was tested in a pot experiment with young olive cuttings, under an experimental apparatus allowing the evaluation of dry matter yield and plant nutritional status after one and two years of growth. The results highlighted the role of the mycorrhiza in increasing P bioavailability, either evaluated by soil P labile fraction or through tissue P concentration. The role of mycorrhiza in increasing soil organic C was also relevant (7% higher than the control). Mycorrhiza had little effect on the uptake of other nutrients and on the alleviation of excessive levels of metals, in particular Fe, in the shoots. Instead, olive showed its own exclusion mechanisms, registering root Fe levels 50 times higher than in shoots. Mycorrhiza did not improve plant growth compared to the other fertilized treatments. The increase in plant dry matter observed in the mycorrhiza treatment in comparison to the control was probably due to the initial content of the commercial product of N, P and K (3% N, 3% P2O5 and 3% K2O). Under the conditions of this experiment, the farmer would not benefit from the use of this mycorrhizal fungi, but it nevertheless proved its value for agriculture, suggesting that commercial products should be targeted more towards specific purposes, than for generalized uses.This research was funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) and FEDER under Programme PT2020 for financial support to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020) and CITAB (UIDB/04033/2020). The research was integrated in the activities of the Operational Group “Novas práticas em olivais de sequeiro: estratégias de mitigação e adaptação às alteraçõeses climáticas”, funded by PT2020 and EAFRD (European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Tratamento de fibroma ossificante periférico gigantiforme: relato de caso

Introdução: O Fibroma Ossificante Periférico (FOP) é uma lesão fibro-óssea benigna, multifatorial, de crescimento lento. É caracterizado como um processo proliferativo não neoplásico de origem traumática, que surge em resposta à estímulos crônicos e apresenta comportamento agressivo apesar de tratar-se de uma patologia benigna. Relato de Caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 46 anos, apresentava aumento de volume assintomático de crescimento lento, com evolução aproximada de 2 anos. Durante o exame clínico observou-se lesão de consistência fibrosa aderida a mucosa jugal, a qual prejudicava a função e a estética facial da paciente, que após realização de biópsia excisional foi diagnósticada como fibroma ossificante periférico de grandes proporções. Discussão: Clinicamente, o FOP pode não se distinguir de diversas outras lesões gengivais, sendo necessário optar por exames radiográficos e histopatológicos para sua confirmação e diferenciação de outras patologias. Por tratar-se de uma lesão traumática, o FOP pode apresentar crescimento lento e progressivo que leva a incapacitação estética e funcional do paciente se não diagnósticado e tratado precocemente, bem como pode apresentar altas taxas de recidiva se não houver a correta remoção dos agentes causais traumáticos. Considerações Finais: A excisão cirurgica demonstra-se como uma excelente alternativa terapeutica para o FOP, principalmente em casos de grandes dimensões conforme o caso relatado

Association of dairy product consumption with metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in adolescents: a cross-Sectional Analysis from the LabMed study

This study aimed to investigate the association between dairy product consumption and metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese adolescents, and whether the association differed by weight status. A cross-sectional study was conducted during the school year 2011/2012 with 412 Portuguese adolescents (52.4% girls) in 7th and 10th grade (aged 12 to 18 years old). The World Health Organization cutoffs were used to categorize adolescents as non-overweight (NW) or overweight (OW). Blood samples were collected to analyze C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, and adiponectin. Dairy product intake was evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire. Participants were divided by tertiles according to the amount of dairy product consumed. The associations between dairy product consumption with metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers were evaluated using generalized linear regression models with logarithmic link and gamma distribution and adjusted for potential confounders. The majority of adolescents were NW (67.2%). NW adolescents had lower IL-6, CRP, and leptin concentration than their counterparts (p p = 0.004). Our results suggest an inverse association between total dairy product and milk intake and serum concentrations of IL-6 only among NW adolescents.This study was supported by the Research Centre on Physical Activity Health and Leisure (CIAFEL) of the Faculty of Sport, University of Porto and by FCT grant BD88984/ 2012 (J. Oliveira-Santos); The Research Centre on Physical Activity Health and Leisure (CIAFEL) is supported by FCT/UID/DTP/00617/2019; the author C. Agostinis-Sobrinho was given Doctoral scholarship from the Brazilian government by CAPES (Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) (Proc: 9588-13-2). Rute Santos is founded by and FCT grant (CEECIND/01069/2017). Eduarda Sousa-Sá is funded by a Gulbenkian grant (Project nº 221669-Projeto Academias Gulbenkian do Conhecimento)

DISTRIBUIÇÃO DIAMÉTRICA DE Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze. EM UM FRAGMENTO DE FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA

The objective of the present research was to evaluate the behavior of probabilistic density functions for fitting of Araucaria angustifolia diameter distribution taking in account 3 different class intervals. The data used for fitting the functions came from a complete enumeration forest inventory of a Mixed Ombrophylous Forest fragment with 15.24 ha, located at the Campus III of the Federal University of Paraná. The diameters of 341 araucárias trees were measured at 1.3 m (DBH). The following probabilistic density functions were fitted: Normal, Log-Normal, Gamma, Beta, Weibull 3P, Weibull 2P and Sb of Johnson. The diameter class intervals of 2 cm, 5 cm and 6.55 cm were tested. The results of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test indicated that the most efficient function for class intervals with amplitude of 6.55 cm and 2 cm was the Normal and for amplitudes of 5 cm the Sb function was the best one. The Weibull 2P function was rejected by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov adherence test for all diameter class intervals adopted. This research also indicated that the Araucaria angustifolia diameter distribution is symmetric and platicurtic.O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o comportamento de Funções de Densidade Probabilística no ajuste da distribuição diamétrica de Araucaria angustifolia levando em consideração diferentes intervalos de classe de diâmetro. Os dados utilizados para o ajuste das funções provieram do censo realizado no Capão da Engenharia Florestal, correspondente a um fragmento de Floresta Ombrófila Mista de 15,24 ha, localizado no Campus III da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Nesse censo foram medidos os diâmetros a 1,3 m de altura (DAP) de 341 araucárias. Para avaliar a distribuição diamétrica de Araucaria angustifolia nesse fragmento foram ajustadas as seguintes funções de densidade probabilística: Normal, Log-Normal, Gamma, Beta, Weibull 3P, Weibull 2P e Sb de Johnson. Foram definidos intervalos de classes com 2 cm, 5 cm e 6,55 cm. Os resultados do teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov indicaram que, a função mais eficiente para intervalos de classes com amplitudes de 6,55 cm e 2 cm foi a Normal e para intervalos de classes de 5 cm a Sb de Johnson. A função Weibull 2P foi rejeitada pelo teste de aderência para todos os intervalos de classe adotados. O estudo também identificou que a distribuição diamétrica de Araucaria angustifolia nesse fragmento é simétrica e platicúrtica

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Tomografia de corpo todo no trauma e seus desfechos na mortalidade: uma revisão sistemática: Whole body tomography in trauma and its outcomes in mortality: a systematic review

A tomografia computadorizada de corpo inteiro é altamente sensível e representa o padrão-ouro no cenário de diagnóstico da sala de trauma. WBCT fornece uma ferramenta de diagnóstico rápido, que reduz a mortalidade em pacientes gravemente feridos. A lesão traumática é a terceira principal causa de morte em geral. Para otimizar os resultados nesses pacientes, os hospitais empregam imagens de tomografia computadorizada de corpo inteiro (WBCT) devido ao alto rendimento diagnóstico e potencial para identificar lesões perdidas. No entanto, isso atrasa intervenções de tempo crítico. Atualmente, há uma ausência de qualquer evidência de alto nível para apoiar ou refutar qualquer visão. Uma busca sistemática da literatura foi realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library e demais bases dedados eletrônicas. As publicações eram elegíveis se contivessem dados originais comparando TC de corpo total imediata em pacientes com trauma e associação com a mortalidade. A análise mostra que a TC está associada a melhores resultados, incluindo uma menor taxa de mortalidade geral, entretanto estudos randomizados e controlados merecem ser realizados para que se possa estabelecer de forma fidedigna essa relação

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ