Research on Key Technology of Wire-Bending and Equipment Development

In this paper, based on the wire-bending process, developing a DC wire-bending machine which is used to bend the wire to any angle. The DC wire-bending machine with a higher integration and production efficiency contained storing mechanism, straightening mechanism, feeding mechanism and wire-bending mechanism. The storing mechanism can be reset by itself without being adjusted manually when the feeding speed is different from the receiving speed of the processing equipment. The wire-bending mechanism for double-heads can achieve asymmetric bending. The clamping device of wire-bending mechanism is more stable and higher rotational accuracy

Carbon and nitrogen accumulation in the Zoige wetland, northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau over the past 14000 years

As the largest alpine wetland and peat deposition area in China, the Zoige wetland is climatically sensitive. The organic matter (OM) in peat stores copious environmental information. Here, we report new data on the organic geochemistry of a 4.5 m peat profile HY2014 from southern Zoige wetland. Based on closely spaced accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating, we established a high-resolution geochronological framework beginning at 14057 a BP. Moreover, we estimated the sedimentation flux of TOC and TN (SFs) and their influencing factors. Before 10916 a BP, the lake shrunk and peat began to develop under cold and dry conditions, and SFs were at their lowest values due to low productivity. More OM originated from hydrophyte and marsh plants. From 10916 to 3050 a BP, peat was widely and well developed, and the climate was warm and humid, despite a cooling and drying trend. The HY2014 profile experienced an optimum climate during 10916-6000 a BP, when SFs had the highest values that benefited from high productivity, and OM mainly originated from terrestrial plants. After 3050 a BP, the climate was the coldest and driest. The higher SFs over the past 2000 a BP was mainly resulted from the low decomposition rate. The plant community, primary productivity and decomposition rate were closely linked with the temporal variation of SFs. The environment change was mainly controlled by summer solar insolation, and the Zoige wetland was significantly influenced by the Indian summer monsoon

(Figure 5a-b) SFTOC and SFTN reconstructed from the HY2014 profile

Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad Co.The original of this document is in the Stevens Family Papers, #1210, at the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library, Ithaca, New York 14853

Influence of climate change on the evolution of ancient culture from 4500 to 3700 cal. yr BP in the Chengdu Plain, upper reaches of the Yangtze River, China

Numerous environmental archaeology studies have been undertaken in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, but limited research has been carried out in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River (UYR). During the period of the Baodun Culture (approximately 4500-3700 cal. yr BP), the inhabitants of the Chengdu Plain (CDP) in the UYR of southwestern China were confronted with a dynamic climate. Archaeological sites, including 9 walled sites located in a relatively small region, were built during the migration process. This paper attempts to demonstrate the linkage between the evolutionary history of the Baodun Culture and paleoclimate change. Subsistence strategies during the Baodun period, such as farming, tool use and food resources were investigated. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal distribution of the archaeological sites, the construction method of the sites' walls, and the growth of weeds were examined and assessed based on archaeological excavations and the literature. The ancient water network at the Baodun site was investigated based on auger surveys and borehole data. By comparing multiple paleoclimatic proxies from regions mainly controlled by the Indian Monsoon, we found that: (1) the drying and cooling climate conditions were responsible for the increases of proportions of millet and supplementary food resources and for the transformation of tool assemblages during the late Baodun period; (2) the increasing numbers of flood events were caused by the weakening of the monsoon and the dramatic climate during the Baodun period, and the interconnected river networks at low elevations in the CDP exacerbated the impact of flooding, which may have partially caused the frequent human migration and the construction method of the site walls; (3) the Baodun people that originally lived in the southwestern and western CDP were forced to gradually migrate to higher elevations in the northern and central territories because of the rapid climate change; and (4) the topography and river-grade also influenced human migration and settlement selection. Climate deterioration hindered the sustainable development of the Baodun Culture and eventually caused it to decline. Common subsistence strategies in human history, such as site location, migration, flood-control methods, agricultural changes, and food diversification, played important roles in the Baodun people's adaptation to climate change. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Quantifying proportions of different material sources to loess based on a grid search and Monte Carlo model: A case study of the Ili Valley, Central Asia

The Ili Valley is among the main distribution areas of loess deposits in Xinjiang Province, Central Asia, while the provenance of Ili loess remains under debate. In this study, samples from near-surface loess, two types of topsoil and modern riverbed sediment were analyzed for their concentrations of major and trace geochemical elements to determine the relative proportions of different provenances of loess deposits in different zones of the Ili Valley. The results obtained by the grid search technology and Monte Carlo model indicated that the proximal material is dominated in the Ili loess. Alluvial-diluvial sediments as the main local material source have significantly influenced loess in the western region of Ili Valley. Moreover, this influence gradually decreases in the eastern region and the Zhaosu Basin. The proportion of modern riverbed sediment in the eastern Ili Valley is significantly lower than that in the Zhaosu Basin and is lowest in the western Ili Valley. However, the proportion of dust and topsoil type-II with the mean value of 11.8% and 7.2%, respectively, is highest in the western Ili Valley and lowest in the Zhaosu Basin. The complex natural background of the Ili Valley can be used to interpret the quantitative results and the geochemical characteristics of Ili loess from different regions. The reliability of the proposed method can be assessed by environmental indicators such as grain size, and geomorphic-hydrological background and other published records

Paleoenvironment change and its impact on carbon and nitrogen accumulation in the Zoige wetland, northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau over the past 14,000 years

As the largest alpine wetland and peat deposition area in China, the Zoige wetland is climatically sensitive. The organic matter (OM) in peat stores copious environmental information. Here we report new data on the organic geochemistry of a 4.5 m peat profile HY2014 from southern Zoige wetland. Based on closely spaced accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) C-14 dating, we established a high-resolution geochronological framework beginning at 14,057 a BP. Moreover, we estimated the sedimentation flux of TOC and TN (SFs) and their influencing factors. Before 10,916 a BP, the lake shrunk and peat began to develop under cold and dry conditions, and SFs were at their lowest values due to low productivity. More OM originated from hydrophyte and marsh plants. From 10,916 to 3050 a BP, peat was widely and well developed, and the climate was warm and humid, despite a cooling and drying trend. The HY2014 profile experienced an optimum climate during 10,91626000 a BP, when SFs had the highest values that benefited from high productivity, and OM mainly originated from terrestrial plants. After 3050 a BP, the climate was the coldest and driest. The high SFs over the past 2000 a BP were mainly resulted from the low decomposition rate. The plant community, primary productivity, and decomposition rate were closely linked with the temporal variation of SFs. The environment change was mainly controlled by summer solar insolation, and the Zoige wetland was significantly influenced by the Indian summer monsoon