4 research outputs found

    Récupération d'Energie Biomécanique et SystÚmes Autonomes

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    National audienceLa rĂ©cupĂ©ration d'Ă©nergie (Energy Harvesting) est une thĂ©matique en plein essor visant Ă  utiliser l'Ă©nergie ambiante (lumiĂšre, vibrations, gradients thermiques) prĂ©sente dans l'environnement direct de dispositifs Ă©lectroniques (capteurs, Ă©quipements mobiles) pour les alimenter, de façon Ă  prolonger leur durĂ©e de fonctionnement, voire Ă  les rendre totalement autonomes. La rĂ©cupĂ©ration d'Ă©nergie est gĂ©nĂ©ralement mise en Ɠuvre pour alimenter de petits systĂšmes Ă©lectroniques tels que des capteurs autonomes communicants pour le transport, l'industrie ou l'habitat du fait des puissances rĂ©cupĂ©rĂ©es assez faibles; appliquĂ©e au cas de l'Homme, la rĂ©cupĂ©ration d'Ă©nergie peut atteindre des puissances de plusieurs milliwatts voire de plusieurs watts permettant d'alimenter des systĂšmes plus complexes tels que des lecteurs MP3, des tĂ©lĂ©phones portables ou des systĂšmes de localisation GPS. De nombreuses sources d'Ă©nergie prĂ©sentes dans l'environnement de l'Homme peuvent ĂȘtre exploitĂ©es: le soleil, le gradient thermique entre la peau et l'extĂ©rieur, la dĂ©formation des vĂȘtements, les contraintes dans les chaussures... . Cet article se focalise plus particuliĂšrement sur la rĂ©cupĂ©ration d'Ă©nergie mĂ©canique issue du corps humain et prĂ©sente des exemples de dispositifs et d'applications issus de l'Ă©tat de l'art montrant que la rĂ©cupĂ©ration d'Ă©nergie est dĂ©jĂ  une rĂ©alitĂ©; et qu'elle permettra sur le plus long terme d'alimenter des dispositifs placĂ©s directement Ă  l'intĂ©rieur du corps humain tels que des implants mĂ©dicaux ou des pacemakers

    A robust and versatile, −40°C to +180°C, 8Sps to 1kSps, multi power source wireless sensor system for aeronautic applications

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    International audienceTo meet severe aeronautic environment constraints, we propose in this paper a versatile 794ΌW autonomous multi-power-source wireless sensor system interfacing with aeronautic-grade resistive bridge transducers and operating over a wide range of -40°C to +180°C in 180nm HT SOI technology. Compared to previously reported works, it provides robust and versatile 8Sps-1kSps sensor interface and RFID/micro wind turbine power supply scheme

    Neogene shortening and exhumation of the Zagros fold-thrust belt and foreland basin in the Kurdistan region of northern Iraq

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    High Risk of Anal and Rectal Cancer in Patients With Anal and/or Perianal Crohn’s Disease

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    International audienceBackground & AimsLittle is known about the magnitude of the risk of anal and rectal cancer in patients with anal and/or perineal Crohn’s disease. We aimed to assess the risk of anal and rectal cancer in patients with Crohn’s perianal disease followed up in the Cancers Et Surrisque AssociĂ© aux Maladies Inflammatoires Intestinales En France (CESAME) cohort.MethodsWe collected data from 19,486 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) enrolled in the observational CESAME study in France, from May 2004 through June 2005; 14.9% of participants had past or current anal and/or perianal Crohn’s disease. Subjects were followed up for a median time of 35 months (interquartile range, 29–40 mo). To identify risk factors for anal cancer in the total CESAME population, we performed a case-control study in which participants were matched for age and sex.ResultsAmong the total IBD population, 8 patients developed anal cancer and 14 patients developed rectal cancer. In the subgroup of 2911 patients with past or current anal and/or perianal Crohn’s lesions at cohort entry, 2 developed anal squamous-cell carcinoma, 3 developed perianal fistula–related adenocarcinoma, and 6 developed rectal cancer. The corresponding incidence rates were 0.26 per 1000 patient-years for anal squamous-cell carcinoma, 0.38 per 1000 patient-years for perianal fistula–related adenocarcinoma, and 0.77 per 1000 patient-years for rectal cancer. Among the 16,575 patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease without anal or perianal lesions, the incidence rate of anal cancer was 0.08 per 1000 patient-years and of rectal cancer was 0.21 per 1000 patient-years. Among factors tested by univariate conditional regression (IBD subtype, disease duration, exposure to immune-suppressive therapy, presence of past or current anal and/or perianal lesions), the presence of past or current anal and/or perianal lesions at cohort entry was the only factor significantly associated with development of anal cancer (odds ratio, 11.2; 95% CI, 1.18-551.51; P = .03).ConclusionsIn an analysis of data from the CESAME cohort in France, patients with anal and/or perianal Crohn’s disease have a high risk of anal cancer, including perianal fistula–related cancer, and a high risk of rectal cancer
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