The BETHY/JSBACH carbon cycle data assimilation system: experiences and challenges

International audienceWe present the concept of the Carbon Cycle Data Assimilation System and describeits evolution over the last two decades from an assimilation system around a simplediagnostic model of the terrestrial biosphere to a system for the calibration andinitialization of the land component of a comprehensive Earth system model. Wecritically review the capability of this modeling framework to integrate multiple datastreams, to assess their mutual consistency and with the model, to reduce uncertainties inthe simulation of the terrestrial carbon cycle, to provide, in a traceable manner, reanalysisproducts with documented uncertainty, and to assist the design of the observationalnetwork. We highlight some of the challenges we met and experience we gained, giverecommendations for operating the system, and suggest directions forfuture development

Systematic review of body image measures

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This systematic review synthesizes and critically appraises measurement properties of influential body image measures. Eight measures that met the definition of an assessment of body image (i.e., an individual's cognitive or affective evaluation of their body or appearance with a positive or negative valence), and scored high on systematic expert priority ranking, were included. These measures were: the Body Appreciation Scale (original BAS and BAS-2), the Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults, the Body Shape Questionnaire, the Centre for Appearance Research Valence Scale, the Drive for Muscularity Scale, two subscales of the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire, one subscale of the Eating Disorder Inventory 3, and two subscales of the Multidimensional Body Relations Questionnaire. Articles assessing these scales' psychometric properties (N = 136) were evaluated for their methodological quality using the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist, and a best evidence synthesis was performed. The results supported the majority of measures in terms of reliability and validity; however, suitability varied across populations, and some measurement properties were insufficiently evaluated. The measures are discussed in detail, including recommendations for their future use in research and clinical practice