505 research outputs found
COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA E VALORES DE ENERGIA METABOLIZÁVEL DE INGREDIENTES ALTERNATIVOS PARA FRANGOS DE CORTE
Um experimento foi realizado para determinar a composição química e os valores de energia metabolizável aparente (EMA) e EMA corrigida para nitrogênio (EMAn) de três tipos de farelo de algodão (FA): FA extrusado, FA com extração por solvente com casca e FA com 40% de proteína bruta (PB); duas variedades de sorgo e farelo residual de milho (FRM). Valores de EMAn do FA e do sorgo da literatura foram usados para estabelecer equações de predição através da composição nutricional. Pintos de corte machos Ross (n=210) foram alojados com seis repetições por tratamento e cinco aves por gaiola. Foi utilizada uma ração-referência (RR) e seis rações-teste contendo os ingredientes a avaliar em substituição de 40 % da RR. A composição química dos ingredientes foi: 92,92; 91,80; 89,08; 86,44; 87,19; 88,50% de matéria seca; 32,96; 35,11; 40,50; 9,83; 8,17 e 10,80% de PB, 17,81; 1,03; 3,59; 2,27; 2,67 e 12,90% de extrato etéreo (EE) e os valores de EMAn foram 2977, 2793, 2827, 2766, 3117 e 3017 kcal/kg para o FA extrusado, FA com casca, FA com 40% PB, sorgo IPA, sorgo Dow e FRM, respectivamente. A equação de EMAn para o FA foi -9158,67 + 1106,94*PB - 12,05*PB*PB - 1866,99*Cinzas (CZ) + 100,16*CZ*CZ - 834,01*Fibra Bruta (FB) + 30,43*FB*FB e para o sorgo foi 4365,59 + 175,41*PB - 10,35*PB*PB - 99,55*EE + 525,34*CZ - 85,06*CZ*CZ - 1310,47*FB + 251,61*FB*FB. Os valores de EMAn de uma variedade de sorgo e um tipo de FA não se ajustaram às equações de predição estabelecidas.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: equações de predição; farelo de algodão; farelo residual de milho; metabolismo; sorg
Constraining the mass of dark photons and axion-like particles through black-hole superradiance
Ultralight bosons and axion-like particles appear naturally in different
scenarios and could solve some long-standing puzzles. Their detection is
challenging, and all direct methods hinge on unknown couplings to the Standard
Model of particle physics. However, the universal coupling to gravity provides
model-independent signatures for these fields. We explore here the superradiant
instability of spinning black holes triggered in the presence of such fields.
The instability taps angular momentum from and limits the maximum spin of
astrophysical black holes. We compute, for the first time, the spectrum of the
most unstable modes of a massive vector (Proca) field for generic black-hole
spin and Proca mass. The observed stability of the inner disk of stellar-mass
black holes can be used to derive \emph{direct} constraints on the mass of dark
photons in the mass range . By including also higher azimuthal modes, similar
constraints apply to axion-like particles in the mass range
.
Likewise, mass and spin distributions of supermassive BHs --~as measured
through continuum fitting, K iron line, or with the future space-based
gravitational-wave detector LISA~-- imply indirect bounds in the mass range
approximately , for both axion-like particles and dark photons. Overall,
superradiance allows to explore a region of approximately orders of
magnitude in the mass of ultralight bosons
Systematic survey of randomized trials evaluating the impact of alternative diagnostic strategies on patient-important outcomes
Objectives: To provide a perspective on the current practice of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of diagnostic strategies focusing on patient-important outcomes. Study Design and Setting: We conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE and included RCTs published in full-text reports that evaluated alternative diagnostic strategies. Results: Of 56,912 unique citations, we sampled 7,500 and included 103 eligible RCTs, therefore suggesting that MEDLINE includes approximately 781 diagnostic RCTs. The 103 eligible trials reported on: mortality (n = 41; 39.8%); morbidities (n = 63; 61.2%); symptoms/quality of life/functional status (n = 14; 13.6%); and on composite end points (n = 10; 9.7%). Of the studies that reported statistically significant results (n = 12; 11.6%), we judged 7 (58.3%) as at low risk of bias with respect to missing outcome data and 4 (33.3%) as at low risk of bias regarding blinding. Of the 41 RCTs that reported on mortality, only one (2.4%) reported statistically significant results. Of 63 RCTs addressing morbidity outcomes, 11 (17.5%) reported statistically significant results, all of which reported relative effects of greater than 20%. Conclusion: RCTs of diagnostic tests are not uncommon, and sometimes suggest benefits on patient-important outcomes but often suffer from limitations in sample size and conduct. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe
A nomenclature for restriction enzymes, DNA methyltransferases, homing endonucleases and their genes
A nomenclature is described for restriction endonucleases, DNA methyltransferases, homing endonucleases and related genes and gene products. It provides explicit categories for the many different Type II enzymes now identified and provides a system for naming the putative genes found by sequence analysis of microbial genome
Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory
A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding
eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers
with zenith angles greater than detected with the Pierre Auger
Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum
confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above
eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law with
index followed by
a smooth suppression region. For the energy () at which the
spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence
of suppression, we find
eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Slaughter weight rather than sex affects carcass cuts and tissue composition of Bisaro pigs
Carcass cuts and tissue composition were assessed in Bisaro pigs (n=64) from two sexes (31 gilts and 33 entire
males) reared until three target slaughter body-weights (BW) means: 17 kg, 32 kg, and 79 kg. Dressing percentage
and backfat thickness increased whereas carcass shrinkage decreased with increasing BW. Slaughter
weight affected most of the carcass cut proportions, except shoulder and thoracic regions. Bone proportion
decreased linearly with increasing slaughter BW, while intermuscular and subcutaneous adipose tissue depots
increased concomitantly. Slaughter weight increased the subcutaneous adipose tissue proportion but this impaired
intramuscular and intermuscular adipose tissues in the loin primal. The sex of the pigs minimally affected
the carcass composition, as only the belly weight and the subcutaneous adipose tissue proportions were greater
in gilts than in entire males. Light pigs regardless of sex are recommended to balance the trade-offs between
carcass cuts and their non-edible compositional outcomes.Work included in the Portuguese PRODER research Project
BISOPORC – Pork extensive production of Bísara breed, in two alternative
systems: fattening on concentrate vs chesnut, Project PRODER SI
I&DT Medida 4.1 “Cooperação para a Inovação”. The authors are
grateful to Laboratory of Carcass and Meat Quality of Agriculture
School of Polytechnic Institute of Bragança ‘Cantinho do Alfredo’. The
authors are members of the MARCARNE network, funded by CYTED
(ref. 116RT0503).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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