La marimba sí paga en Cali: Apropiaciones de las músicas de marimba como estrategia cultural en escenarios de industria cultural

El texto es el resultado del trabajo de investigación con dos agrupaciones musicales de la ciudad de Cali, durante el 2013 y el 2015. Hace una reflexión sociológica sobre la relación entre economía y cultura, a través de las apropiaciones que hacen estos músicos de las músicas de marimba del Pacífico del sur de Colombia, para posicionarse en escenarios de industria cultural. Con una metodología cualitativa basada en la interacción, estudia las trayectorias, prácticas y discursos de estos grupos que se consolidan en las estrategias que utilizan para ingresar en estos escenarios construidos como producto de fenómenos macrosociales globales y locales que permiten la transformación de la música como una herramienta mediadora para contar la cotidianidad que estas bandas viven en su ciudad.The text is the result of the research work with the musical groups of the city of Cali, during 2013 and 2015. It makes a sociological reflection on the relationship between economy and culture, through the appropriations that these musicians make of the marimba music from Pacific coast in Colombia, to position itself in cultural industry scenarios. With a qualitative methodology based on interaction, it studies the trajectories, practices and discourses of these groups that are consolidated in the strategies they use to enter these scenarios constructed as a product of global and local macrosocial phenomena that allow the transformation of music as a Mediator tool to tell the daily life that these bands live in your city.Universidad del Rosari

Gestión municipal y la seguridad ciudadana en una zonal del distrito de Carabayllo, Lima, 2022 – 2023

La investigación se realizó en el distrito de carabayllo, para determinar la relación entre Gestión Municipal y Seguridad Ciudadana de una zonal del distrito de Carabayllo, Lima, 2022 – 2023. La metodología; tipo aplicada, nivel correlacional, hipotético deductivo, con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental. Se aplico una encuesta de 50 preguntas a 202 pobladores, se realizó la prueba de normalidad de ambas variables y dimensiones, la prueba de Kolmogorov – Smirnov y se aplicó la correlación de Spearman’s. El resultado fue que existe una relación entre las variables gestión municipal y seguridad ciudadana con una correlación de 0.729 con correlación directa y positiva alta y un nivel de significancia de p=0,000, aceptando la hipótesis alterna. Se concluye que existe relación entre las variables, sin embargo se recomienda que la autoridad realice capacitaciones sobre gestión pública y seguridad ciudadana, con el objetivo de optimizar la gestión estando orientado a la ejecución de estrategias que ayuden a la lucha contra la delincuencia y victimización del distrito, además se realice recuperación de espacios públicos, la implementación de módulos de respuesta rápida ante cualquier hecho delictivo y que incentive masificando la participación de la población (juntas vecinales) que es muy importante para combatir la inseguridad

Dark Matter Halos and Evolution of Bars in Disk Galaxies: Varying Gas Fraction and Gas Spatial Resolution

We conduct numerical experiments by evolving gaseous/stellar disks embedded in live dark matter halos aiming at quantifying the effect of gas spatial resolution and gas content on the bar evolution. Model sequences have been constructed using different resolution, and gas fraction has been varied along each sequence within fgas=0%-50%, keeping the disk and halo properties unchanged. We find that the spatial resolution becomes important with an increase in `fgas'. For the higher resolution model sequences, we observe a bimodal behavior in the bar evolution with respect to the gas fraction, especially during the secular phase of this evolution. The switch from the gas-poor to gas-rich behavior is abrupt and depends on the resolution used. The diverging evolution has been observed in nearly all basic parameters characterizing bars, such as the bar strength, central mass concentration, vertical buckling amplitude, size, etc. We find that the presence of the gas component severely limits the bar growth and affects its pattern speed evolution. Gas-poor models display rapidly decelerating bars, while gas-rich models exhibit bars with constant or even slowly accelerating tumbling. The gas-rich models have bar corotation (CR) radii within the disk at all times, in constrast with gas-poor and purely stellar disks. The CR-to-bar size ratio is less than 2 for gas rich-models. We have confirmed that the disk angular momentum within the CR remains unchanged in the gas-poor models, as long as the CR stays within the disk, but experiences a sharp drop before leveling off in the gas-rich models. Finally, we discuss a number of observed correlations between various parameters of simulated bars, e.g., bar sizes and gas fractions, bar strength and buckling amplitude, bar strength and its size, etc.Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures, to be published by the Astrophysical Journal; minor changes following the referee repor

Oxidative stress and cardiac contractility: a double edge sword?

The stretch of cardiac muscle increases developed force in two phases. The first phase occurs immediately after stretch and is the expression of the Frank–Starling mechanism, while the second one or slow force response (SFR) occurs gradually and is due to an increase in the calcium transient amplitude. Previously, we have shown that the SFR is the mechanical manifestation of an autocrine/paracrine mechanism activated by wall stretch involving growth factors-triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and followed by redox-mediated cardiac Na+ /H+ exchanger (NHE1) activation leading to an increase in the Ca2+ "transient" amplitude. Recent own experiments assigned a role to thioredoxin-1 (“TRX1”, an important cellular antioxidant enzymatic system) in the development of the SFR. Interestingly, cardiac hypertrophy and failure, two of the most important health problems in western societies, are both triggered by intracellular signals triggered by myocardial stretch, being oxidative stress a critical step for its progression. Remarkably, experimental evidence has revealed that TRX1 overexpression negatively regulates cardiac hypertrophy. In this scenario, this short review was meant to briefly discuss the physiological, but potentially pathological, role of oxidative stress following myocardial stretch.El estiramiento miocárdico produce una respuesta contráctil en dos fases: un aumento rápido inmediato que es la expresión del mecanismo de Frank-Starling, y uno lento posterior denominado segunda fase de fuerza (SFF). En trabajos anteriores hemos mostrado que la SFF es la manifestación mecánica de un mecanismo autocrino/paracrino disparado por el estiramiento, que involucra liberación de factores de crecimiento seguida de la activación redox-dependiente del intercambiador Na+ /H+ cardíaco (NHE1) que conduce a un aumento Na+ -dependiente del Ca2+ intracelular. Experimentos más recientes de nuestro grupo han demostrado además que la tioredoxina-1 (“TRX1”, importante sistema enzimático antioxidante a nivel celular) es capaz de modular la magnitud de la SFF. Interesantemente, la hipertrofia y la insuficiencia cardíaca, dos de los problemas de salud más importantes en sociedades occidentales, se desencadenan por señales intracelulares que ocurren después del estiramiento miocárdico e incluyen estrés oxidativo como factor clave para su progresión patológica. En conexión, se ha demostrado que la sobreexpresión de TRX1 regula negativamente la hipertrofia cardíaca. En este escenario, esta revisión tiene como objetivo discutir brevemente el papel fisiológico, pero potencialmente patológico, del estrés oxidativo disparado por el estiramiento del miocardio.Fil: Zavala, Maite Raquel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Romina Gisel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Nestor Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; ArgentinaFil: Villa-Abrille, María Celeste. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; Argentin

Thioredoxin 1 (TRX1) Overexpression Cancels the Slow Force Response (SFR) Development

The stretch of cardiac muscle increases developed force in two phases. The first phase occurs immediately after stretch and is the expression of the Frank–Starling mechanism, while the second one or slow force response (SFR) occurs gradually and is due to an increase in the calcium transient amplitude. An important step in the chain of events leading to the SFR generation is the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to redox sensitive ERK1/2, p90RSK, and NHE1 phosphorylation/activation. Conversely, suppression of ROS production blunts the SFR. The purpose of this study was to explore whether overexpression of the ubiquitously expressed antioxidant molecule thioredoxin-1 (TRX1) affects the SFR development and NHE1 phosphorylation. We did not detect any change in basal phopho-ERK1/2, phopho-p90RSK, and NHE1 expression in mice with TRX1 overexpression compared to wild type (WT). Isolated papillary muscles from WT or TRX1-overexpressing mice were stretched from 92 to 98% of its maximal length. A prominent SFR was observed in WT mice that was completely canceled in TRX1 animals. Interestingly, myocardial stretch induced a significant increase in NHE1 phosphorylation in WT mice that was not detected in TRX1-overexpressing mice. These novel results suggest that magnification of cardiac antioxidant defense power by overexpression of TRX1 precludes NHE1 phosphorylation/activation after stretch, consequently blunting the SFR development.Fil: Zavala, Maite Raquel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Romina Gisel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; ArgentinaFil: Villa-Abrille, María Celeste. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Nestor Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; Argentin

Estudio de los determinantes moleculares de la interacción α/β que modulan la cinética del canal de sodio de mamífero

"Los canales de sodio dependientes de voltaje (Navs)son proteínas integrales que se activan con la despolarización de la membrana celular para iniciar el flujo de iones de sodio en las células excitables e iniciar el potencial de acción. Los Navs son el objetivo molecular de estudio en neurobiología, biología estructural, biología de membranas, biología molecular, electrofisiología, farmacología, proteómica, entre otras áreas. Además, son el blanco molecular de una diversa gama de toxinas y fármacos que se estudian continuamente. Comprenden de una subunidad α (Navα) que forma el poro del canal y están asociados a una o más subunidades auxiliares β (Navβ) que modulan diversos estados del gating. Sin embargo, hasta la fecha se desconoce como las Navβs ejercen la función mecánica y estructural a nivel atómico para realizar cambios en el gating. En esta investigación se propone una solución por quimiométria al problema que subyace en la interfaz Navα/Navβ en las diferentes isoformas de los Navs con tres especies de mamífero identificando patrones de interacción de residuos y una solución teórica de la función mecánica-estructural que ejercen Navβ1 y Navβ3 en las subunidades Navα en la inactivación rápida del gating"

Are project managers ready for the 21th challenges? A review of problem structuring methods for decision support

Numerous contemporary problems that project managers face can be considered as unstructured decision problems, characterized by multiple actors and perspectives, incommensurable and/or conflicting objectives, and important intangibles. This work environment demands that project managers to possess not only hard skills but also soft skills with the ability to take a management perspective and, above all, develop real leadership capabilities. In this paper, is presented a family of problem structured methods for decision support, aimed at assisting project managers in tackling complex problems. Problem structured methods are a family of soft operations research methods for decision support that assist groups of diverse composition to agree on a problem focus and make commitments to consequential action. Project management programs are challenged to implement these methodologies in such a way that it is organized around the key competences that a project manager needs in order to be more effective, work efficiently as members of interdisciplinary teams and successfully execute even a small project

Inhibition of Focal Adhesion Kinase Signaling by Integrin α6β1 Supports Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Selfâ Renewal

Selfâ renewal of human embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)â known as pluripotent stem cells (PSC)â is influenced by culture conditions, including the substrate on which they are grown. However, details of the molecular mechanisms interconnecting the substrate and selfâ renewal of these cells remain unclear. We describe a signaling pathway in hPSCs linking selfâ renewal and expression of pluripotency transcription factors to integrin α6β1 and inactivation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Disruption of this pathway results in hPSC differentiation. In hPSCs, α6β1 is the dominant integrin and FAK is not phosphorylated at Y397, and thus, it is inactive. During differentiation, integrin α6 levels diminish and Y397 FAK is phosphorylated and activated. During reprogramming of fibroblasts into iPSCs, integrin α6 is upregulated and FAK is inactivated. Knockdown of integrin α6 and activation of β1 integrin lead to FAK phosphorylation and reduction of Nanog, Oct4, and Sox2, suggesting that integrin α6 functions in inactivation of integrin β1 and FAK signaling and prevention of hPSC differentiation. The Nâ terminal domain of FAK, where Y397 is localized, is in the nuclei of hPSCs interacting with Oct4 and Sox2, and this immunolocalization is regulated by Oct4. hPSCs remodel the extracellular microenvironment and deposit laminin α5, the primary ligand of integrin α6β1. Knockdown of laminin α5 resulted in reduction of integrin α6 expression, phosphorylation of FAK and decreased Oct4. In conclusion, hPSCs promote the expression of integrin α6β1, and nuclear localization and inactivation of FAK to supports stem cell selfâ renewal. Stem Cells 2016;34:1753â 1764Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/122414/1/stem2349_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/122414/2/stem2349-sup-0001-suppinfof1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/122414/3/stem2349-sup-0002-suppinfotbls.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/122414/4/stem2349.pd

Concise Review: The Evolution of human pluripotent stem cell culture: From feeder cells to synthetic coatings

Current practices to maintain human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which include induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells, in an undifferentiated state typically depend on the support of feeder cells such as mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) or an extracellular matrix such as Matrigel. Culture conditions that depend on these undefined support systems limit our ability to interpret mechanistic studies aimed at resolving how hPSCs interact with their extracellular environment to remain in a unique undifferentiated state and to make fate‐changing lineage decisions. Likewise, the xenogeneic components of MEFs and Matrigel ultimately hinder our ability to use pluripotent stem cells to treat debilitating human diseases. Many of these obstacles have been overcome by the development of synthetic coatings and bioreactors that support hPSC expansion and self‐renewal within defined culture conditions that are free from xenogeneic contamination. The establishment of defined culture conditions and synthetic matrices will facilitate studies to more precisely probe the molecular basis of pluripotent stem cell self‐renewal and differentiation. When combined with three‐dimensional cultures in bioreactors, these systems will also enable large‐scale expansion for future clinical applications. S TEM C ells 2013;31:1–7Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/94687/1/1260_ftp.pd

Estrategias pedagógicas aplicadas al desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas en jóvenes universitarios

El presente estudio se ha derivado de una investigación educativa orientada al diseño de estrategias para el desarrollo de competencias ciudadana de los estudiantes en jóvenes universitarios. El abordaje metodológico se asumió desde el Paradigma de Investigación Holística, con un diseño mixto en una muestra de 215 jóvenes universitarios de las asignaturas Constitución Política, Ética y Taller de Pensamiento. Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia que los estudiantes brindan a los procesos de formación de cultura política, en contextos curriculares interdisciplinarios orientados al fortalecimiento del compromiso ciudadano en la construcción de una cultura de participación, convivencia y paz.This study has been derived from educational research oriented design strategies for the development of civic skills of students in college students. The methodological approach was assumed from the Holistic Paradigm Research, with a mixed design in a sample of 215 college students, in the subjects Constitution, Ethics and Thought Workshop. The findings highlight the importance that students bring to the processes of formation of political culture, on interdisciplinary curricular contexts aimed at strengthening citizen engagement in building a culture of participation, coexistence and peace