Regresión de las algas marinas en las Islas Canarias y en la costa atlántica de la Península Ibérica por efecto del cambio climático

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Actas de las V Jornadas ScienCity 2022. Fomento de la Cultura Científica, Tecnológica y de Innovación en Ciudades Inteligentes

ScienCity es una actividad que viene siendo continuada desde 2018 con el objetivo de dar a conocer los conocimientos y tecnologías emergentes siendo investigados en las universidades, informar de experiencias, servicios e iniciativas puestas ya en marcha por instituciones y empresas, llegar hasta decisores políticos que podrían crear sinergias, incentivar la creación de ideas y posibilidades de desarrollo conjuntas, implicar y provocar la participación ciudadana, así como gestar una red internacional multidisciplinar de investigadores que garantice la continuación de futuras ediciones. En 2022 se recibieron un total de 48 trabajos repartidos en 25 ponencias y 24 pósteres pertenecientes a 98 autores de 14 instituciones distintas de España, Portugal, Polonia y Países Bajos.Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología-Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Consejería de la Presidencia, Administración Pública e Interior de la Junta de Andalucía; Estrategia de Política de Investigación y Transferencia de la Universidad de Huelva; Cátedra de Innovación Social de Aguas de Huelva; Cátedra de la Provincia; Grupo de investigación TEP-192 de Control y Robótica; Centro de Investigación en Tecnología, Energía y Sostenibilidad (CITES

Recent changes in the distribution and abundance of marine seaweeds in the north of the Iberian Peninsula and its relation to climate change

The Cantabrian coast is an area of special biogeographical interest because the existence of a marked longitudinal gradient, mainly related to the sea surface temperature (SST) and the intensity and frequency of upwellings. Since the late 19th Century, there is scientific evidence on the existence of fluctuating expansion-retraction periods of certain seaweeds, mainly fucoids and laminarians, associated with cooling or warming events. However, since the beginning of the 21st Century, macroalgae have experienced dramatic changes to date unknown. Populations of brown and red algae typical of cold-temperate waters such as Himanthalia elongata, Fucus vesiculosus, F. serratus, Laminaria hyperborea, L. ochroleuca, Saccorhiza polyschides and Chondrus crispus have undergone significant declines in abundance and even disappeared in many localities. Subtidal stands of Gelidium corneum have undergone a decline in biomass and coverage in the warmest part of the thermal gradient (the Basque coast), while populations westward from Cape Peñas (Asturias) are in expansion. In contrast, SST warming may have enhanced the growth of non-native species and algae with warm water affinities such as calcareous algae, Stypocaulon scoparium, Cystoseira tamariscifolia and Bifurcaria bifurcata. In Galicia, westem area characterized by colder waters, the response of vegetation is more heterogeneous, varying between locations and habitats. Models of distributions based on future climate scenarios suggest massive declines of several canopy species along the Cantabrian coast. The disappearance or decline of these habitat-forming macrophytes may have severe consequences on the functioning of the ecosystem. Increases in SST, air temperature, irradiance, intensity and frequency of storm waves and transparency of coastal waters, in combination with a reduction of upwelling frequency and intensity could be factors involved in those changes detected in macroalgae distribution. In addition, in some cases, the resilience of sorne macroalgae, can be compromised by human pressures (i.e. waste discharges, exploitation), accelerating their decline

Distributional shifts of canopy-forming seaweeds from the Atlantic coast of Southern Europe

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Estrutura populacional de Hyale media (Dana) (Amphipoda, Gammaridea, Hyalidae), habitante dos fitais de Caiobá, Matinhos, Paraná, Brasil Population structure of the seaweed dweller Hyale media (Dana) (Amphipoda, Gammaridea, Hyalidae) from Caiobá, Matinhos, Paraná, Brazil

<abstract language="eng">A study of correlation between the total body length and the somites length was carried out in a population of Hyale media (Dana, 1857), in order to know which somite or group of somites has the highest correlation index with the total body length. As the sum of the length of the first to fourth pereonites showed the highest linear correlation index (Y=0.0764+0.2736X; r=0.9723), this meristic parameter was chosen to describe the population structure of the species. The following aspects were treated: distribution of the body size classes in the various phytals, population composition, seasonal fluctuation of population density. relative frequency of the ovigerous females and correlation between the body length and the number of eggs inside the marsupium of the ovigerous females. The amphipods were obtained from the seasonal collections of six phytals from a rocky seashore of Caiobá, Paraná State: Pterosiphonia pennata (Roth) Falkenberg. Gymrogongrus griffithsiae (Turner) Martius, Pterocladia capillacea (Gmelin) Bornet & Thured, Sargassum cymosum Garth, Gelidium sp and Ulva fasciata Delile; they did not occurred in Padina gymnospora (Kútsing) Vickers and Porphyra atropurpurea (Olivi) De Toni. The air temperature oscillated from 16ºC (winter and autumn) to 23ºC (summer), the surface water temperature from 17ºC (winter) to 25ºC (summer) and the surface water salinity, from 29.3‰ (autumn) to 32.8‰ (winter). The density oi Hyale media varied from 0.20 ind.g-1 (in Ulva) to 26.37 ind.g-1 (in Pterosiphonia) of alga-substratum weigth, and the population was distributed mainly in branched algae. It was determined three size classes in the population, within a range from 0.01 to 2.99mm of pereonits 1-4 length. Small amphipods prefer finely branched algae like Gymnogongrusand Pterosiphonia, whereas broad-thallii or less branched algae such as Sargassum, Pterocladia, Gelidium and Ulva harbour proporcionally high number of large individuais. The life cycle of Hyale media takes place wholly in the phytals and the species reproduces continually all year round: males, ovigerous females and juveniles are present every season. The highest femalc reproductive activity occurs in winter and the juveniles are more numerous in summer. The number of eggs inside the marsupium and the pereonites 1-4 length has a linear correlation (Y=-9,9682+12,0729X; r=0.8024)

Distribuição vertical e flutuação sazonal da macrofauna vágil associada a Sargassum cymosum C. Agardh, na praia do Lázaro, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brasil Depth distribution and seasonal fluctuations of vagile macrofauna associated with Sargassum cymosum C. Agardh at Lázaro beach, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil

<abstract language="eng">Seasonal fluctuations and depth distribution of the vagile macrofauna associated with Sargassum cymosum at Lazaro beach, Ubatuba, São Paulo State, were evaluated through density comparison of higher taxonomic groups among three depth intervals in four periods of the year. Ten groups were identified and among them gammarid and caprellid amphipods were numerically dominant in all sampling periods and did not show any consistent zonation trend. Gastropods, polychaetes and ophiuroids ocurred in lower densities and tended to dominate as depth increased, Wet weight algae variation did not explain the observed spatial and temporal patterns. Biotic interactions, recruitment and environmental parameters are probably involved in seasonal density variation of the faunal groups studied but it was evident that the depth gradient play an important role in vagile macrofauna vertical distribution