USO DO MODELO AQUACROP PARA O FEIJÃO-CAUPI CULTIVADO SOB DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO EM CASTANHAL-PA

O feijão-caupi possui grande importância socioeconômica para a população, principalmente a de baixa renda. O modelo AquaCrop foi calibrado e validado para analisar a sua eficiência na simulação do teor de água no solo, produção de biomassa e produtividade do feijão-caupi sob diferentes disponibilidades hídricas no nordeste paraense. O experimento foi realizado na fazenda escola da UFRA-Castanhal, com a cultivar BR3-Tracuateua submetida a quatro tratamentos (T100, T50, T25 e T0), correspondentes à reposição da água perdida pela (ETc) durante a fase reprodutiva, em seis blocos ao acaso. Para a parametrização e calibração do modelo foi utilizado dados coletados em campo nos anos de 2015/2016. O seu desempenho foi avaliado pelos parâmetros estatísticos (RMSE, r², d, c e Ef). O modelo subestimou a biomassa dos tratamentos (T50, T25 e T0), entretanto a biomassa simulada apresentou alta correlação com a observada em todos os tratamentos, bem como um alto índice de desempenho. No geral, o modelo simulou bem a produtividade nos diferentes tratamentos e seus valores apresentaram alta correlação com os dados observados (r2 = 0,99), demonstrando um ótimo desempenho na simulação da produtividade do feijão-caupi (c = 0,98). O desempenho diminuiu em decorrência da lâmina aplicada (T100 > T0), não afetando sua eficiência (Ef > 0,67), decorrente da alta correlação (r² > 0,74) entre os valores observados e simulados e pelos erros de estimativa (RMSE < 20%) aceitáveis, viabilizando seu uso na simulação da biomassa, rendimento além de poder ser usado na simulação do teor de água no solo em Castanhal-PA

Performance of Cowpea under Different Water Regimes in Amazonian Conditions

Water availability is a crucial factor in the final productivity of cowpea. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production and productivity components of cowpea under different irrigation depths in Amazonian conditions. The experiment was carried out at the School Farm of the Federal Rural University of Amazonia, in the municipality of Castanhal-PA, using the cultivar BR3 Tracuateua, from September to November 2014, 2015, and 2016. The experimental design was conducted on six blocks and four treatments, where the four irrigation depths of 0, 25, 50, and 100% of crop evapotranspiration were tested. The productivity analysis was performed when 90% of the plants were in the phenological stage R9. The evaluated production components were pod length, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, mass of one hundred grains, and harvest index. There was a statistical difference among all treatments for the components of production and among productivities. An average reduction of 827 kg ha&minus;1 in cowpea productivity was observed during the three years of study, when the treatment without irrigation was compared with the treatment irrigated with 100% of the crop&rsquo;s water demand. It was found in this research that the simple fulfillment of the nutritional and phytosanitary demands of the crop, associated with an adequate planning of when to plant in the region, would already help in the improvement of local production when choosing times where the water deficit in the reproductive phase is less than 33 mm

Performance of Cowpea under Different Water Regimes in Amazonian Conditions

Water availability is a crucial factor in the final productivity of cowpea. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production and productivity components of cowpea under different irrigation depths in Amazonian conditions. The experiment was carried out at the School Farm of the Federal Rural University of Amazonia, in the municipality of Castanhal-PA, using the cultivar BR3 Tracuateua, from September to November 2014, 2015, and 2016. The experimental design was conducted on six blocks and four treatments, where the four irrigation depths of 0, 25, 50, and 100% of crop evapotranspiration were tested. The productivity analysis was performed when 90% of the plants were in the phenological stage R9. The evaluated production components were pod length, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, mass of one hundred grains, and harvest index. There was a statistical difference among all treatments for the components of production and among productivities. An average reduction of 827 kg ha−1 in cowpea productivity was observed during the three years of study, when the treatment without irrigation was compared with the treatment irrigated with 100% of the crop’s water demand. It was found in this research that the simple fulfillment of the nutritional and phytosanitary demands of the crop, associated with an adequate planning of when to plant in the region, would already help in the improvement of local production when choosing times where the water deficit in the reproductive phase is less than 33 mm

Infective Endocarditis in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis

International audienceInfective endocarditis (IE) is a common and serious complication in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis (HD)

Influence of the timing of cardiac surgery on the outcome of patients with infective endocarditis and stroke.

BACKGROUND: The timing of cardiac surgery after stroke in infective endocarditis (IE) remains controversial. We examined the relationship between the timing of surgery after stroke and the incidence of in-hospital and 1-year mortalities. METHODS: Data were obtained from the International Collaboration on Endocarditis-Prospective Cohort Study of 4794 patients with definite IE who were admitted to 64 centers from June 2000 through December 2006. Multivariate logistic regression and Cox regression analyses were performed to estimate the impact of early surgery on hospital and 1-year mortality after adjustments for other significant covariates. RESULTS: Of the 857 patients with IE complicated by ischemic stroke syndromes, 198 who underwent valve replacement surgery poststroke were available for analysis. Overall, 58 (29.3%) patients underwent early surgical treatment vs 140 (70.7%) patients who underwent late surgical treatment. After adjustment for other risk factors, early surgery was not significantly associated with increased in-hospital mortality rates (odds ratio, 2.308; 95% confidence interval [CI], .942-5.652). Overall, probability of death after 1-year follow-up did not differ between 2 treatment groups (27.1% in early surgery and 19.2% in late surgery group, P = .328; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.138; 95% CI, .802-1.650). CONCLUSIONS: There is no apparent survival benefit in delaying surgery when indicated in IE patients after ischemic stroke. Further observational analyses that include detailed pre- and postoperative clinical neurologic findings and advanced imaging data (eg, ischemic stroke size), may allow for more refined recommendations on the optimal timing of valvular surgery in patients with IE and recent stroke syndromes

Impact of early valve surgery on outcome of staphylococcus aureus prosthetic valve infective endocarditis: Analysis in the international collaboration of endocarditis-prospective cohort study

Background. The impact of early valve surgery (EVS) on the outcome of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (PVIE) is unresolved. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between EVS, performed within the first 60 days of hospitalization, and outcome of SA PVIE within the International Collaboration on Endocarditis-Prospective Cohort Study. Methods. Participants were enrolled between June 2000 and December 2006. Cox proportional hazards modeling that included surgery as a time-dependent covariate and propensity adjustment for likelihood to receive cardiac surgery was used to evaluate the impact of EVS and 1-year all-cause mortality on patients with definite left-sided S. aureus PVIE and no history of injection drug use. Results. EVS was performed in 74 of the 168 (44.3%) patients. One-year mortality was significantly higher among patients with S. aureus PVIE than in patients with non-S. aureus PVIE (48.2% vs 32.9%; P = .003). Staphylococcus aureus PVIE patients who underwent EVS had a significantly lower 1-year mortality rate (33.8% vs 59.1%; P = .001). In multivariate, propensity-adjusted models, EVS was not associated with 1-year mortality (risk ratio, 0.67 [95% confidence interval, .39-1.15]; P = .15). Conclusions. In this prospective, multinational cohort of patients with S. aureus PVIE, EVS was not associated with reduced 1-year mortality. The decision to pursue EVS should be individualized for each patient, based upon infection-specific characteristics rather than solely upon the microbiology of the infection causing PVIE

Impact of early valve surgery on outcome of staphylococcus aureus prosthetic valve infective endocarditis: Analysis in the international collaboration of endocarditis-prospective cohort study

Background. The impact of early valve surgery (EVS) on the outcome of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (PVIE) is unresolved. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between EVS, performed within the first 60 days of hospitalization, and outcome of SA PVIE within the International Collaboration on Endocarditis-Prospective Cohort Study. Methods. Participants were enrolled between June 2000 and December 2006. Cox proportional hazards modeling that included surgery as a time-dependent covariate and propensity adjustment for likelihood to receive cardiac surgery was used to evaluate the impact of EVS and 1-year all-cause mortality on patients with definite left-sided S. aureus PVIE and no history of injection drug use. Results. EVS was performed in 74 of the 168 (44.3%) patients. One-year mortality was significantly higher among patients with S. aureus PVIE than in patients with non-S. aureus PVIE (48.2% vs 32.9%; P = .003). Staphylococcus aureus PVIE patients who underwent EVS had a significantly lower 1-year mortality rate (33.8% vs 59.1%; P = .001). In multivariate, propensity-adjusted models, EVS was not associated with 1-year mortality (risk ratio, 0.67 [95% confidence interval, .39-1.15]; P = .15). Conclusions. In this prospective, multinational cohort of patients with S. aureus PVIE, EVS was not associated with reduced 1-year mortality. The decision to pursue EVS should be individualized for each patient, based upon infection-specific characteristics rather than solely upon the microbiology of the infection causing PVIE

Infective Endocarditis After Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement

Abstract Background Scarce data are available comparing infective endocarditis (IE) following surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). This study aimed to compare the clinical presentation, microbiological profile, management, and outcomes of IE after SAVR versus TAVR. Methods Data were collected from the “Infectious Endocarditis after TAVR International” (enrollment from 2005 to 2020) and the “International Collaboration on Endocarditis” (enrollment from 2000 to 2012) registries. Only patients with an IE affecting the aortic valve prosthesis were included. A 1:1 paired matching approach was used to compare patients with TAVR and SAVR. Results A total of 1688 patients were included. Of them, 602 (35.7%) had a surgical bioprosthesis (SB), 666 (39.5%) a mechanical prosthesis, 70 (4.2%) a homograft, and 350 (20.7%) a transcatheter heart valve. In the SAVR versus TAVR matched population, the rate of new moderate or severe aortic regurgitation was higher in the SB group (43.4% vs 13.5%; P &lt; .001), and fewer vegetations were diagnosed in the SB group (62.5% vs 82%; P &lt; .001). Patients with an SB had a higher rate of perivalvular extension (47.9% vs 27%; P &lt; .001) and Staphylococcus aureus was less common in this group (13.4% vs 22%; P = .033). Despite a higher rate of surgery in patients with SB (44.4% vs 27.3%; P &lt; .001), 1-year mortality was similar (SB: 46.5%; TAVR: 44.8%; log-rank P = .697). Conclusions Clinical presentation, type of causative microorganism, and treatment differed between patients with an IE located on SB compared with TAVR. Despite these differences, both groups exhibited high and similar mortality at 1-year follow-up