O efeito das práticas de gestão de recursos humanos na síndrome de "burnout" dos docentes de uma escola profissional

A Escola como qualquer Organização cumpre a sua missão em contextos competitivos, que exigem eficácia e eficiência. O próprio enquadramento legal da escola em Portugal reforça tal imperativo. A comunidade em que esta se insere e a sociedade em geral pressionam a escola para que esta preste serviços de qualidade e assegure instrução e educação aos seus membros. Neste contexto, os colaboradores e a sua gestão, são fatores determinantes para o sucesso ou insucesso da escola e da sua melhoria continua. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o efeito das Práticas de Gestão de Recursos Humanos percecionadas, no índice de "burnout" dos docentes, numa escola profissional do distrito de Lisboa. A estratégia metodológica foi a estudo de caso, combinando informação qualitativa e quantitativa, de modo a compreender num contexto real e especifico a relação das práticas de gestão de recursos humanos, o "burnout" e contrato psicológico dos docentes da escola em análise. O "burnout" na classe docente tem sido alvo de diversos estudos e investigações, sendo evidenciada a exposição desta classe profissional à exaustão laboral. Porém poucos estudos nos indicam até que ponto as práticas de gestão das pessoas podem ou não inibir o stress, em particular, no grupo profissional dos docentes. A organização em estudo tem 35 professores ao serviço, leciona atualmente o 3º ciclo do ensino básico, com cursos vocacionais e cursos de educação e formação, o ensino secundário, com cursos profissionais nas áreas de Produção Agrária, Turismo Rural e Ambiental, Viticultura e Enologia, Recursos Florestais e Qualidade Alimentar, e ensino superior, em parceria com uma Escola Superior Agrária que ministra um Curso de Especialização Tecnológica. Os resultados revelam que as práticas de RH são percecionadas como consistentes, e correlacionam-se negativamente com o índice de "burnout", apontando para efeitos positivos da gestão das pessoas na redução de níveis de stress, "burnout" e incremento de um contrato psicológico tipo relacional entre professores e organização.School, as any other organization, always fulfils its mission in a competitive environment in constant demand of efficiency. Its legal framing in Portugal itself reinforces such particularity. School is pressured to service in quality and assures instruction and education to its members by the community it is in, as well as by society in general. In this context, its coworkers and management team stand as a key factor to both its success or failure and its continuing improvement. Our study’s aim is to analyze the effect of Human Resources Management Practices in a vocational school in the Lisbon district, the result of which will be perceived by the index of teachers’ burnout. The methodological strategy adopted was based in a case study, combining both quantitative and qualitative information in order to fully understand, in real life context, the relationship between human resources management practices, burnout and teachers’ psychological contract in that specific school. Teachers’ burnout has been the target of several studies and investigations which point out the exposure of this particular professional group to labor exhaustion. Nonetheless, few studies show to what extend the human resources management practices can or cannot inhibit stress, particularly in this professional group. The educational organization in which the present study was conducted has 35 teachers. Nowadays, it has junior high students attending vocational courses and well as Education and Training Courses (CEF). High school students attend professional courses in diverse areas, such as Agrarian Production, Environmental and Rural Tourism, Viticulture and Enology, Forestry Resources and Food Quality. Moreover, the school also offers a higher education course, classified as a Technological Specialization course, as part of a partnership with an Agrarian College (Escola Superior Agrária). The results of the present study show that the human resources management practices are understood as being consistent and are inversely related to the burnout index. Therefore, people’s management can have positive results on what concerns the decrease of stress levels, burnout, and the development of a relational-type of psychological contract between teachers and the educational organization

Perceções dos profissionais da intervenção precoce de Coimbra: práticas típicas e práticas ideais

Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia da Educação, Desenvolvimento e Aconselhamento, apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade de CoimbraNa Intervenção Precoce (IP) têm existido, no decorrer dos anos, diversos marcos importantes que proporcionaram o seu contínuo desenvolvimento e evolução (Pereira, 2009). Tem-se verificado uma crescente preocupação em compreender as perceções dos profissionais e as práticas que implementam, bem como avaliar a qualidade das práticas utilizadas, pelo que estas devem ser baseadas nas evidências (Almeida, 2007). Este estudo procurou compreender as perceções que os profissionais das Equipas Locais de Intervenção (ELI) de Coimbra têm relativamente às práticas que habitualmente utilizam (típicas) e às práticas que consideram ser ideais. Nesta investigação, foi utilizada uma amostra de 84 profissionais das 10 equipas de Coimbra, maioritariamente do sexo feminino e com idades compreendidas entre os 23 e os 54 anos, e teve por objetivo estudar: 1) as perceções dos profissionais da IP relativamente às práticas típicas e às práticas ideais, 2) a existência de possíveis diferenças entre os dois tipos de práticas, 3) a relação que as variáveis sociodemográficas possam ter em relação a ambas as práticas, e 4) a existência de possíveis diferenças entre as 10 equipas de Coimbra. Para o efeito, foi utilizado o Questionário Sociodemográfico e a Escala de Avaliação de Serviços dirigidos a Famílias em Contextos Naturais, tradução da F amilies in Natural Environments Scale of Service Evaluation (McWilliam, 2011). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que não existem diferenças entre as práticas típicas e ideais de cada equipa. Por sua vez, verificou-se que existem diferenças entre as práticas dos profissionais e ainda em relação às variáveis sociodemográficas idade, anos de experiência profissional em IP e profissão. De forma a promover as práticas recomendadas junto dos profissionais, torna-se necessário que estes tenham formação contínua. Sugere-se ainda a criação de uma base de dados, facilitando a partilha de informação, a comunicação, e a rentabilização do tempo dos profissionais.Over the years, the Early Intervention (EI) has undergone several important milestones that prompted its continuous development and evolution (Pereira, 2009). Moreover, a growing concern has been verified in order to understand the perceptions of the professionals and the practices they are implementing. Likewise, the same increasing concern is noticeable for evaluating the quality of the implemented practices, since these should be based in evidences (Almeida, 2007). This study aimed to understand the perceptions of the professionals from the Local Intervention Teams (LIT) regarding the practices they typically use and those considered ideals. In this investigation, a global sample of 84 professionals from 10 teams of Coimbra was used, with mostly women and ages between 23 and 54 years old. Particularly, it was aimed to study: 1) the perception of the IP professionals relatively to the typical practices and ideal practices, 2) the existence of eventual differences between the two types of practice, 3) the influence of sociodemographic variables in both practices, and 4) the existence of eventual differences among the 10 teams of Coimbra. For this purpose, it was used the Sociodemographic Questionnaire and the Portuguese version of F amilies in Natural Environments Scale of Service Evaluation (McWilliam, 2011). Results showed no differences among the typical and ideal practices of each team. However, differences between the two practices of the professionals were verified, as well as concerning the sociodemographic variables age, years of professional experience on EI and career. In order to promote the recommended practices among professionals, it becomes necessary that they have continuous formation. It is also suggested the construction of a data base, easing the share of information, the communication and the maximization of the professionals' working time

Bioprocess engineering of insect cells for accelerating vaccines development

Insect cells emerged as a powerful and versatile platform for vaccines production, mostly using the lytic baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS). Stable expression in such hosts has been increasingly explored to circumvent BEVS-related drawbacks, but protein titers achieved to date are still seemingly low. The design of new or improved cell factories and bioprocess intensification strategies are therefore necessary to increase productivities and thus accelerate implementation of stable insect cell lines as a fast, cost-effective platform for vaccines manufacturing. In this work, we implemented an innovative site-specific recombination strategy based on flipase-mediated cassette exchange technology to establish reusable insect (Sf-9 and High Five) cell platforms for fast production of enveloped virus-like particles (VLPs). Influenza M1 and HIV Gag proteins were evaluated as scaffolds, and proof-of-concept demonstrated using two membrane proteins: the influenza HA protein (for vaccines) and the human beta-2 adrenergic receptor (for drug screening or antibody discovery). Aiming to improve production yields in developed stable cell lines, two bioprocess engineering schemes were evaluated (either individually or in combination): (i) adaptive laboratory evolution of insect cells to hypothermic culture conditions, and (ii) supplementation of insect cell cultures with productivity enhancers. The stable cell line expressing HIV Gag-VLPs was used as model. Under hypothermic culture conditions, adapted Sf-9 cells expressed up to 30-fold more HIV Gag-VLPs than non-adapted cells. Noteworthy, the element driving such increase in productivity is the adaptation process and not the temperature shift as the latter alone leads to lower production yields. A more modest increase in productivity (up to 7-fold) was observed when supplementing non-adapted cell cultures with productivity enhancers NaBu and DMSO. No synergistic effect was observed when combining adapted cells and supplementation with productivity enhancers. Production of HIV Gag-VLPs was successfully scaled-up to stirred-tank bioreactors. The adapted cell line was then pseudo-typed with influenza HA protein for production of Gag-HA VLPs, and their performance benchmarked against (i) parental Sf-9 cells stably expressing Gag-HA VLPs and (ii) insect cells-BEVS, both cultured under standard temperature conditions (27C). Adapted cells showed increased production of Gag-HA VLPs when compared to parental/stable cells, corroborating previously obtained data, but still lower when compared to insect cells-BEVS. Bioprocess intensification strategies are currently under in-house testing to further improve yields of adapted cells and thus shorten the gap between stable insect cells and IC-BEVS. Overall, the insect cell platforms and bioprocess engineering strategies herein assembled have the potential to assist and accelerate vaccines development. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by European Commission (Project EDUFLUVAC, Grant nr. 602640) and by Portuguese “Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia” through the following programs: FCT Investigator Starting Grant (IF/01704/2014), Exploratory Research and Development Project EXPL/BBB-BIO/1541/2013, and PhD fellowships SFRH/BD/86744/2012 and SFRH/BD/90564/2012

Metallothionein immunoexpression in non-syndromic and syndromic keratocystic odontogenic tumour

Background: To commpare the metallothionein (MT) immunoexpression in non-syndromic and syndromic keratocystic odontogenic tumour (KOT), to correlate MT with cellular proliferation, and to evaluate the influence of inflammation in MT. Material and Methods: Fourteen cases of KOT were submitted to imm unohistochemistry for MT and Ki-67 analysis. The lesions were grouped according to their grade of inflammation, and statistical analysis was performed. Results: MT was higher in non-syndromic KOT than in syndromic KOT (p<0.05). No statistical difference in Ki- 67 could be identified; however, an inverse correlation was observed between MT and Ki-67 in both lesions. When analysing inflammation, non-syndromic KOT showed no differences in either MT or Ki-67. Conclusions: The MT imm unophenotype of syndromic KOT was different from non-syndromic KOT. MT might not be involved in the proliferation control of both KOT. MT and Ki-67 imm unoexp ressions proved to be unaffected by inflammation in non-syndromic KOT

Clinical and laboratory parameters as predictors of long-term outcome according to the etiology of underlying chronic liver disease in patients who underwent liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze clinical and laboratory parameters and their association with longterm outcomes in patients who underwent liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment, according to the etiology of the underlying chronic liver disease, in order to identify predictors of response to this therapeutic modality. METHODS: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from a cohort of 134 patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment at a referral center in Brazil were retrospectively selected and compared according to the etiologic group of the underlying chronic liver disease. Events, defined as tumor recurrence or death from any cause, and event-free survival were also analyzed, and multivariate analysis was performed. RESULTS: The etiologies comprised hepatitis C and B virus infection, alcohol abuse, and cryptogenic disorder. Although liver transplantation was performed outside the Milan criteria in 33.3% of the subjects, according to pathologic examination of the explanted liver, the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score was low (o22) in most patients (70.6%) and recurrence was identified in only 10 (7.9%) patients. Events occurred in 37 patients (28.5%), and the median event-free survival was 75 months (range, 24-116 months). No difference among etiologic groups was found in the parameters analyzed, which were not independently associated with outcome. CONCLUSION: Clinical and laboratory characteristics according to etiologic groups were not different, which might have led to comparable long-term outcomes among these patient groups and failure to identify predictors that could aid in better selection of subjects for liver transplantation in the management of this cancer

Análise de itens de ciências de uma avaliação em larga escala baseados em modelos didáticos

Neste trabalho apresentamos uma análise de itens (questões de múltipla escolha) de uma importante avaliação em larga escala brasileira, conhecida pela sigla ENEM. Especificamente, analisa¬mos itens de Ciências, baseados na interpretação ou na proposição de modelos, presentes em 10 cader¬nos de provas das edições ocorridas de 2009 a 2016. Categorizamos os itens identificados como sendo baseados em modelos didáticos ou em modelos meramente científicos, organizando-os em cada uma das três subáreas de conhecimento - Biologia, Física e Química. Os resultados indicam uma tendência crescente no uso de itens baseados em modelos nesse tipo de avaliação, o que pode ter implicações na prática escolar no contexto da Educação em Ciências

A medida da amplitude da distribuição do tamanho dos eritrócitos está associada ao risco cardiovascular em adultos

Estudos recentes têm mostrado que o RDW (do inglês Red Cell Distribution Width) é um marcador preditivo e prognóstico de mortalidade e eventos cardiovasculares (DCV) na população geral e em pacientes com DCV. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a associação entre RDW e risco de DCV em uma grande amostra de adultos. Foram incluídas uma subamostra de participantes sem DCV da coorte ELSA-Brasil (n=4.481). Na abordagem transversal, a análise de regressão múltipla foi usada para investigar a associação entre o RDW e o Escore de Risco de Framingham (ERF). O modelo linear de efeito misto foi usado para avaliar se o RDW basal previa mudanças no risco de DCV após cerca de quatro anos de acompanhamento. A análise transversal mostrou que o RDW foi independentemente associado ao ERF, os participantes no quarto quartil da distribuição do RDW tiveram um ERF 29% maior do que aqueles no primeiro quartil RDW (p<0,001). Na análise longitudinal, o RDW permaneceu associado ao aumento do ERF. Nesta grande coorte de adultos brasileiros, o RDW foi independentemente associado ao aumento do risco de DCV, medido pelo ERF, tanto no início quanto após quatro anos de acompanhamento. No entanto, RDW não previu mudança no risco de DCV neste seguimento de curto prazo.Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of erythrocyte size variability. Recent studies have shown that RDW is a predictive, and prognostic marker of mortality and cardiovascular (CVD) events in the general population and in CVD patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between RDW and CVD risk in a large sample of adults. A subsample of CVD free participants of the ELSA-Brasil cohort were included (n=4,481). In the cross-sectional approach, multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the association between RDW and the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Linear mixed effect model evaluated whether baseline RDW predicted changes in CVD risk after about fouryear follow up. Cross-sectional analysis showed that RDW was independently associated with FRS, participants in the fourth-quartile of RDW distribution had a 29% higher FRS than those in the first-quartile RDW (p<0.001). A longitudinal analysis revealed that RDW remained associated with increased FRS. In this large cohort of adult Brazilians, RDW was independently associated with increased CVD risk, as measured by the FRS, both at baseline and after four-year follow-up. However, RDW did not predict change in CVD risk in this short-term follow up

a pilot mother-child cohort study to assess early-life exposure to mycotoxins: challenges and lessons learned

Funding Information: Funding: The earlyMYCO study was funded by Foundation for Science and Technology (PTDC/DTP-MEDTOX/28762/2017), by CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020+UIDB/50017/2020) and by the project MYTOX-SOUTH, Ghent University Global Minds programme. The funding sources were not involved in study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, and in the decision to submit the article for publication. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Early-life exposure occurs during gestation through transfer to the fetus and later, during lactation. Recent monitoring data revealed that the Portuguese population is exposed to mycotoxins, including young children. This study aimed to develop a pilot study to assess the earlylife exposure to mycotoxins through a mother–child cohort, and to identify the associated challenges. Participants were recruited during pregnancy (1st trimester) and followed-up in three moments of observation: 2nd trimester of pregnancy (mother), and 1st and 6th month of the child’s life (mother and child), with the collection of biological samples and sociodemographic and food consumption data. The earlyMYCO pilot study enrolled 19 mother–child pairs. The analysis of biological samples from participants revealed the presence of 4 out of 15 and 5 out of 18 mycotoxins’ biomarkers of exposure in urine and breast milk samples, respectively. The main aspects identified as contributors for the successful development of the cohort were the multidisciplinary and dedicated team members in healthcare units, reduced burden of participation, and the availability of healthcare units for the implementation of the fieldwork. Challenges faced, lessons learned, and suggestions were discussed as a contribution for the development of further studies in this area.publishersversionpublishe

Chemical characterization and sensory potential of Brazilian vanilla species

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil químico e sensorial, bem como a aceitabilidade, de espécies brasileiras de baunilhas. As espécies de baunilhas avaliadas foram: Vanilla planifolia, Vanilla chamissonis, Vanilla bahiana, and Vanilla pompona. Para tanto, foram utilizados a metodologia do perfil descritivo otimizado, testes de aceitação de consumidores por meio da aplicação dos extratos a chás e cremes, e análise de espectrometria de massa por meio de cromatografia gasosa. Foram identificados compostos voláteis, tais como vanilina, acetato de anisila, 4-metil-guaiacol, p-cresol, álcool benzílico e 2,3-butanodiol. As espécies V. planifolia e V. pompona apresentaram maiores intensidades de aroma de baunilha, aroma floral, aroma frutado, sabor de baunilha, cor marrom e gosto doce. Além disso, V. bahiana mostrou maior intensidade do atributo amadeirado, enquanto V. chamissonis mostrou atributos com menor intensidade. O chá de baunilha da espécie V. pompona teve melhor aceitação pelos consumidores. Entretanto, quando as baunilhas foram aplicadas a cremes, houve aceitação por mais de 80% dos consumidores de todas as amostras. As baunilhas nativas brasileiras apresentam diferentes perfis sensoriais e de compostos voláteis, além de potencial para alta aceitação pelo consumidor.The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical and sensory profile, as well as the acceptability, of Brazilian vanilla species. The evaluated vanilla species were Vanilla planifolia, Vanilla chamissonis, Vanilla bahiana, and Vanilla pompona. For this, the optimized descriptive profile methodology, consumer acceptance tests with extracts applied to teas and creams, and the analysis of mass spectrometry by gas chromatography were used. Volatile compounds, such as vanillin, anisyl acetate, 4-methyl guaiacol, p-cresol, benzyl alcohol, and 2,3-butanediol, were identified. The species V. planifolia and V. pompona exhibited a more intense vanilla aroma, floral aroma, fruity aroma, vanilla flavor, brown color, and sweet taste. In addition, V. bahiana showed a more intense woody attribute, while V. chamissonis showed less intense attributes. Vanilla tea from V. pompona had a better consumer acceptance. However, when the vanillas were applied to creams, there was an acceptance rate of over 80% of all samples. Brazilian native vanillas have different sensory and volatile profiles, besides potential for a high acceptance by consumers

ASPECTOS FACILITADORES E DIFICULTADORES NO ABANDONO DO TABAGISMO ENTRE PESSOAS COM DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2

RESUMO Objetivo: apreender comportamentos e percepções de pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2, tabagistas e ex-tabagistas sobre o tabagismo. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado em um município do noroeste do Paraná. Participaram 23 pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (13 tabagistas e 10 ex-tabagistas). A coleta de dados ocorreu entre janeiro e março de 2017 por meio de entrevistas domiciliares. A análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática, foi empregada como referencial metodológico analítico. Resultados: identificou-se que ter percepção positiva sobre o abandono do vício; apresentar doenças respiratórias e/ou agravos do diabetes mellitus; ter receio de sofrer com complicações no futuro; e receber apoio profissional e familiar influenciava positivamente para a cessação do tabagismo. Contudo, a ambígua relação de domínio e dependência sobre o tabaco; o reconhecimento de que o tabagismo não é prejudicial às pessoas com diabetes mellitus; e a ausência de apoio familiar dificultavam o abandono. Conclusão: profissionais de saúde necessitam elaborar estratégias de intervenção que acolham os tabagistas e favoreçam a aquisição de mais conhecimentos sobre os malefícios do tabaco para o diabetes mellitus tipo 2, sendo que a inclusão das famílias nesse processo parece oportuna