El machismo como factor social que incrementa los casos de feminicidio en el distrito de Villa María del Triunfo, 2021

En la presente investigación titulada “El machismo como factor social que incrementa los casos de feminicidio en el distrito de Villa María del Triunfo, 2021”, tuvo como fin mostrar cómo el machismo ha sido un factor muy influyente en los casos de feminicidio en el distrito de Villa María del Triunfo en el 2021. En el aspecto metodológico, el estudio realizado fue aplicado el enfoque cualitativo, como diseño el estudio de caso y de tipo explicativo. Se complemento con un diseño fenomenológico, realizando la entrevista a 06 participantes de profesión abogado; para posterior de la entrevista sugerir recomendaciones para dar solución al problema del distrito de Villa María del Triunfo, así indicar que se usó como técnica la entrevista e instrumento la guía de entrevista. Según los resultados, se evidenció que el abuso de poder, falta de valores morales y políticas públicas de prevención del machismo contribuyen para el machismo como factor social que incrementa los casos de feminicidio en el distrito de Villa María del triunfo. Así mismo se concluyó la existencia de la sub categoría emergente que es la falta de autoestima de parte de la mujer

Cumulative acquisition of pathogenicity islands has shaped virulence potential and contributed to the emergence of LEE-negative Shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli strains

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are foodborne pathogens causing severe gastroenteritis, which may lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome. The Locus of Enterocyte Effacement (LEE), a Pathogenicity Island (PAI), is a major determinant of intestinal epithelium attachment of a group of STEC strains; however, the virulence repertoire of STEC strains lacking LEE, has not been fully characterized. The incidence of LEE-negative STEC strains has increased in several countries, highlighting the relevance of their study. In order to gain insights into the basis for the emergence of LEE-negative STEC strains, we performed a large-scale genomic analysis of 367 strains isolated worldwide from humans, animals, food and the environment. We identified uncharacterized genomic islands, including two PAIs and one Integrative Conjugative Element. Additionally, the Locus of Adhesion and Autoaggregation (LAA) was the most prevalent PAI among LEE-negative strains and we found that it contributes to colonization of the mice intestine. Our comprehensive and rigorous comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses suggest that the accumulative acquisition of PAIs has played an important, but currently unappreciated role, in the evolution of virulence in these strains. This study provides new knowledge on the pathogenicity of LEE-negative STEC strains and identifies molecular markers for their epidemiological surveillance.This study was supported by FONDECYT grant 1161161 to R. Vidal and CONICYT-PCHA/2014-63140238 fellowship to D. Montero. Work at USC-LREC was supported by Project PI16/01477 from Plan Estatal de I+D+I 2013-2016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación and FEDER, Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España and Project ED431C 2017/57 from the Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia and FEDER. Fondecyt 11150966 to Felipe Del Canto. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; [Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico].S

Flotatión and recovery of fluorite of a polysulfhide ore of seal with lead-silver-zinc-iron

La fluorita (F2Ca) es un mineral que tiene múltiples aplicaciones, las principales son: fabricación de ácido fluorhídrico, industria siderúrgica, soldadura y ornamental. El mineral estudiado pertenece a la zona central del Perú, además de fluorita tiene valores metálicos de plomo, plata y zinc que responden bien a la flotación diferencial de sulfuros con buenos resultados en la calidad de los concentrados y altas recuperaciones. El concentrado de fluorita obtenido es de grado cerámico, no se logra obtener fluorita de grado ácido por la probable presencia de fluoruros de aluminio que están afectando la calidad del concentrado.Fluorite (F2Ca) is an ore that has multiple aplications, the main ones are: manufacture of fluorhidric acid, steel iron industry, welding and ornamental purposes. This ore belongs to the central zone of Peru and besides fluorite, it has metallic values of lead, silver and zinc, these respond well to differential flotation of sulfhur with good results in the quality of the concentrates and high recoveries. The obtained fluorite concentrate is of ceramic degree, fluorite of acid degree ca not be obtained because of the presence of Aluminium fluorides that affect the quality of the concentrate

Clustering COVID-19 ARDS patients through the first days of ICU admission. An analysis of the CIBERESUCICOVID Cohort

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be classified into sub-phenotypes according to different inflammatory/clinical status. Prognostic enrichment was achieved by grouping patients into hypoinflammatory or hyperinflammatory sub-phenotypes, even though the time of analysis may change the classification according to treatment response or disease evolution. We aimed to evaluate when patients can be clustered in more than 1 group, and how they may change the clustering of patients using data of baseline or day 3, and the prognosis of patients according to their evolution by changing or not the cluster.Methods Multicenter, observational prospective, and retrospective study of patients admitted due to ARDS related to COVID-19 infection in Spain. Patients were grouped according to a clustering mixed-type data algorithm (k-prototypes) using continuous and categorical readily available variables at baseline and day 3.Results Of 6205 patients, 3743 (60%) were included in the study. According to silhouette analysis, patients were grouped in two clusters. At baseline, 1402 (37%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2341(63%) in cluster 2. On day 3, 1557(42%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2086 (57%) in cluster 2. The patients included in cluster 2 were older and more frequently hypertensive and had a higher prevalence of shock, organ dysfunction, inflammatory biomarkers, and worst respiratory indexes at both time points. The 90-day mortality was higher in cluster 2 at both clustering processes (43.8% [n = 1025] versus 27.3% [n = 383] at baseline, and 49% [n = 1023] versus 20.6% [n = 321] on day 3). Four hundred and fifty-eight (33%) patients clustered in the first group were clustered in the second group on day 3. In contrast, 638 (27%) patients clustered in the second group were clustered in the first group on day 3.Conclusions During the first days, patients can be clustered into two groups and the process of clustering patients may change as they continue to evolve. This means that despite a vast majority of patients remaining in the same cluster, a minority reaching 33% of patients analyzed may be re-categorized into different clusters based on their progress. Such changes can significantly impact their prognosis

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

El impacto económico de la regulación ambiental en la producción de papa en Barranca, Lima

El objetivo fue determinar el impacto de la aplicación de medidas de regulación ambiental (agricultura orgánica, manejo integrado de plagas y semilla cisgénica) en el cultivo de papa para protegerla de la rancha (tizón tardío). Para ello, se utilizó como caso de estudio la variedad de papa Canchán, cuya producción se destina principalmente al mercado de Lima y que es adquirida principalmente por los hogares para la elaboración de comidas. El análisis se realizó a través de una evaluación ex ante, en la cual se estimó la rentabilidad de las medidas de regulación, mediante el Modelo de Presupuesto Parcial, y la contaminación (por la aplicación de fungicidas) que producen, mediante el cálculo del coeficiente de impacto ambiental (EIQ). Los resultados fueron favorables para aplicación de biotecnología – semilla cisgénica. Su rentabilidad por hectárea, que fue del rango de S/ 14 200 a S/ 3770 al 90%, fue mayor que la del cultivo convencional, que fue del rango de S/ 11 510 mil a S/ 3070 al 90%. Mientras que el EIQ para SC fue menor (39,59) que el de la aplicación de manejo integrado de plagas (328,74) y el manejo convencional (263,96). Los resultados respaldan el uso de semilla cisgénica, como medida de regulación ambiental ante la presencia de la rancha en el cultivo de papa, dado que permite obtener mejores resultados de rentabilidad con niveles de contaminación menores, evidenciándose una disminución en los costos de producción por el no uso de fungicidas y menores actividades culturales

Recomendaciones sobre el uso de metrotexato parenteral en reumatología

Sin financiaciónNo data JCR 20180.363 SJR (2018) Q3, 38/66 RheumatologyNo data IDR 2018UE

Recommendations for the use of parenteral methotrexate in rheumatology

Desarrollar recomendaciones sobre el uso de metrotexato (MTX) parenteral en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas, fundamentalmente en la artritis reumatoide, basadas en la mejor evidencia y experiencia. Métodos Se seleccionó un grupo de 21 expertos reumatólogos en el manejo de MTX. El coordinador generó 13 preguntas sobre el uso de MTX parenteral (perfiles de indicación, eficacia, seguridad, costo-eficacia y biodisponibilidad) para ser contestadas mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Con base en las preguntas se definieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, y las estrategias de búsqueda (en Medline, EMBASE y la Cochrane Library). Tres revisores seleccionaron los artículos resultantes de la búsqueda. Se generaron tablas de evidencia. Paralelamente se evaluaron abstracts de congresos de la European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) y del American College of Rheumatology (ACR). Con toda esta evidencia el coordinador generó 13 recomendaciones preliminares que se evaluaron, discutieron y votaron en una reunión del grupo nominal con los expertos. Para cada recomendación se estableció el nivel de evidencia y grado de recomendación, y el grado de acuerdo mediante un Delphi. Se definió acuerdo si al menos el 80% de los participantes contestaron sí a la recomendación (sí o no). Resultados La mayoría de la evidencia proviene de la artritis reumatoide. De las 13 recomendaciones preliminares se aceptaron 11 recomendaciones sobre el uso de MTX parenteral en reumatología. Dos no se llegaron a votar y se decidió no incluirlas, pero se comentan en el texto final. Conclusiones Este documento pretende resolver algunos interrogantes clínicos habituales y facilitar la toma de decisiones con el uso de MTX parenteral.To develop recommendations for the use of parenteral methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatic diseases, mainly rheumatoid arthritis, based on best evidence and experience. Methods A group of 21 experts on parenteral MTX use was selected. The coordinator formulated 13 questions about parenteral MTX (indications, efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness). A systematic review was conducted to answer the questions. Using this information, inclusion and exclusion criteria were established, as were the search strategies (involving Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library). Three different reviewers selected the articles. Evidence tables were created. Abstracts from the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) and American College of Rheumatology (ACR) were evaluated. Based on this evidence, the coordinator proposed preliminary recommendations that the experts discussed and voted in a nominal group meeting. The level of evidence and grade of recommendation were established using the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and the level of agreement with the Delphi technique (2 rounds). Agreement was established if at least 80% of the experts voted yes (yes/no). Results Most of the evidence involved rheumatoid arthritis. A total of 13 preliminary recommendations on the use of parenteral MTX were proposed; 11 of them were accepted. Two of the 13 were not voted and are commented on in the main text. Conclusions The manuscript aims to solve frequent questions and help in decision-making strategies when treating patients with parenteral MTX.Sin financiaciónNo data JCR 20180.363 SJR (2018) Q3, 38/66 RheumatologyNo data IDR 2018UE