La impresión planográfica en el campo de las BBAA : nuevas herramientas de taller

Memoria ID-035. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2019-2020

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

All-cause mortality in the cohorts of the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RIS) compared with the general population: 1997Ł2010

Abstract Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has produced significant changes in mortality of HIVinfected persons. Our objective was to estimate mortality rates, standardized mortality ratios and excess mortality rates of cohorts of the AIDS Research Network (RIS) (CoRIS-MD and CoRIS) compared to the general population. Methods: We analysed data of CoRIS-MD and CoRIS cohorts from 1997 to 2010. We calculated: (i) all-cause mortality rates, (ii) standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and (iii) excess mortality rates for both cohort for 100 personyears (py) of follow-up, comparing all-cause mortality with that of the general population of similar age and gender. Results: Between 1997 and 2010, 8,214 HIV positive subjects were included, 2,453 (29.9%) in CoRIS-MD and 5,761 (70.1%) in CoRIS and 294 deaths were registered. All-cause mortality rate was 1.02 (95% CI 0.91-1.15) per 100 py, SMR was 6.8 (95% CI 5.9-7.9) and excess mortality rate was 0.8 (95% CI 0.7-0.9) per 100 py. Mortality was higher in patients with AIDS, hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection, and those from CoRIS-MD cohort (1997. Conclusion: Mortality among HIV-positive persons remains higher than that of the general population of similar age and sex, with significant differences depending on the history of AIDS or HCV coinfection

Original papers Nebulized 3% hypertonic saline solution in hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis: case-control study on the utility and effectiveness

Abstract Resumen Estudio sobre la eficacia y utilidad de la solución salina hipertónica al 3% en la bronquiolitis aguda del lactante hospitalizado Objective: to study the utility of nebulized 3% hypertonic saline solution (HSS) in hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis. Patients and methods: case-control studies accomplished on 639 patients of age less than 7 months old and hospitalized with the diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis, first episode, during 3 consecutive seasons in a pediatric department in Madrid. The patients who received 0.9% saline solution (FSS), with or without medication, during the 2 first seasons were considered the control group and the patients who received, the last season period, nebulized 3% hypertonic saline solution were considered the cases group. The days of hospitalization and the hours of oxygen therapy were used as the result measurement. Results: from the total of the studied children, 460 received 0.9% saline solution and 179 received 3% hypertonic saline solution. In the group receiving FSS the average stay in hospital was 5.16 days (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 4.78-5.56) and the average time of oxygen therapy was 57.34 hours (95% CI 52.93-61.75) opposite to 4.90 days (95% CI 4.64-5.07) and 67.53 hours (95% CI 60.36-74.69) respectively in the group that received HSS. There was no significant difference between the groups. The patients who received FSS and were positive for VRS and also patients less than 3 months old, showed a significant reduction in the oxygen therapy hours (p= 0.004 and p= 0.007 respectively). Conclusions: results show that 3% hypertonic saline solution has not been effective in reducing hospital stay or length of oxygen therapy in patients with acute bronchiolitis; but nebulized 0,9% saline solution in children with age &lt;3 months and positive study of respiratory syncitial virus in nasopharyngeal aspirate showed a reduced need of hours of oxygen. Objetivo: estudiar la utilidad de la solución salina hipertónica (SSH) al 3% inhalada en el tratamiento de la bronquiolitis aguda (BA) del lactante hospitalizado. Pacientes y métodos: estudio de casos y controles realizado con 639 pacientes de edad inferior a siete meses e ingresados con diagnóstico de BA, primer episodio, durante tres periodos estacionales consecutivos, en la sección de lactantes de un hospital pediátrico de Madrid (España). Los pacientes que recibieron como tratamiento, durante los dos primeros periodos estacionales, suero salino fisiológico (SSF) inhalado con o sin medicación se consideraron el grupo control y los pacientes que recibieron, durante el tercer periodo estacional, suero salino hipertónico al 3% inhalado con o sin medicación se consideraron como casos. Los días de hospitalización y las horas de oxigenoterapia fueron utilizados como medidas de resultado. Resultados: de la totalidad de los niños estudiados, 460 recibieron SSF inhalado, y 179 recibieron SSH al 3%. En el grupo que recibió SSF, la estancia media en el hospital fue de 5,16 días (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%]: 4,78-5,56) y el tiempo medio de oxigenoterapia fue de 57,34 (IC 95%: 52,93-61,75) frente a 4,90 días (IC 95%: 4,64-5,07) y 67,53 horas (IC 95%: 60,69), respectivamente, en el grupo tratado con SSH. Estos resultados no alcanzan significación estadística. Los pacientes con estudio positivo de virus respiratorio sincitial (VRS) en aspirado nasofaríngeo y que recibieron SSF necesitaron menos horas de oxígeno de manera significativa (p=0,004), así como aquellos que tenían edad &lt;3 meses (p=0,007)

A Quorum-Sensing Inhibitor Strain of Vibrio alginolyticus Blocks Qs-Controlled Phenotypes in Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The cell density-dependent mechanism, quorum sensing (QS), regulates the expression of virulence factors. Its inhibition has been proposed as a promising new strategy to prevent bacterial pathogenicity. In this study, 827 strains from the microbiota of sea anemones and holothurians were screened for their ability to produce quorum-sensing inhibitor (QSI) compounds. The strain M3-10, identified as Vibrio alginolyticus by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, as well as ANIb and dDDH analyses, was selected for its high QSI activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the cell pellet extract from a fermentation broth of strain M3-10, followed by LC–MS and NMR analyses, revealed tyramine and N-acetyltyramine as the active compounds. The QS inhibitory activity of these molecules, which was confirmed using pure commercially available standards, was found to significantly inhibit Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 violacein production and virulence factors, such as pyoverdine production, as well as swarming and twitching motilities, produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. This constitutes the first study to screen QSI-producing strains in the microbiota of anemones and holothurians and provides an insight into the use of naturally produced QSI as a possible strategy to combat bacterial infections.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of the Economy and Competitiveness, grant number AGL2015-68806-R. The HPLC and NMR spectrometer used in this study were purchased via scientific and technological infrastructure grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [Grant No. PCT-010000-2010-4 (NMR), INP-2011-0016-PCT-010000 ACT6 (HPLC)]. José Carlos Reina is supported by an FPU fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, fellowship number FPU15/0171

Concurrent intensive chemotherapy and imatinib before and after stem cell transplantation in newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Final results of the CSTIBES02 trial

Background: Imatinib, given concurrently or alternating with chemotherapy, has improved the response and survival of patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) but relapses are still frequent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and results of giving imatinib concurrently with intensive chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation and post-transplant imatinib maintenance therapy in patients with newly diagnosed Ph+ ALL. Design and Methods: This was a phase II study of patients with newly diagnosed Ph + ALL given standard chemotherapy, together with imatinib (400 mg/day) until stem cell transplantation, followed by imatinib maintenance therapy for all patients regardless of the molecular status of the disease. Results: Of the 30 patients included, 27 (90%) achieved complete remission, one was resistant to treatment and two died during induction therapy. The percentages of major and complete molecular responses were 86% and 21% after induction, and 81% and 65% after consolidation, respectively. Similar results were observed assessing minimal residual disease by flow cytometry. Of the 27 patients who achieved complete remission, 21 underwent stem cell transplantation (16 allogeneic, 5 autologous). Imatinib (400 mg/day) could be administered after transplantation for a median of 3.9 months in 12 patients, although it was interrupted in 10 patients (in 2 cases because of side effects of the drug). Nine patients relapsed, four before and five after stem cell transplantation and eight patients died of transplant-related causes. With a median follow-up of 4.1 years, the probabilities (95% CI) of diseasefree and overall survival were 30% (15% to 45%) and 30% (16% to 45%), respectively. Conclusions: These results confirm that imatinib is an effective first-line treatment for adult Ph + ALL when given concurrently with chemotherapy, making stem cell transplantation feasible in a high proportion of patients. However, post-transplantation imatinib administration was limited, mainly because of transplantation-derived complications rather than drug-specific toxicity