Burnout Syndrome in Management Personnel in Small Businesses in the Delicias Region, Chihuahua State, Mexico

La presencia del síndrome de burnout, afecta a trabajadores del sector salud y educativo principalmente, pero también puede afectar a los empresarios y gerentes de las empresas, quienes son los que dirigen y toman las decisiones de negocios. Por ello se evaluó la presencia del síndrome de burnout en el personal gerencial de las PYMES de la región Delicias del estado de Chihuahua El enfoque fue cuantitativo. De tipo aplicada. El diseño fue no experimental, transeccional correlacional. El modo fue de campo con apoyo bibliográfico. El trabajo de investigación se realizó en la región de Delicias, entre los meses de noviembre 2021 y febrero 2022, la población de interés estuvo compuesta por empresas de 1 hasta 50 trabajadores, lo que representaban 12,596 empresas, la muestra fue con sujetos voluntarios. Los resultados obtenidos fuero que 158 personas resultaron con nivel bajo de burnout, 57 con nivel medio y 19 con nivel alto. The presence of burnout syndrome mainly affects workers in the health and educational sectors, but it can also affect entrepreneurs and company managers, who are the ones who direct and make business decisions. For this reason, the presence of burnout syndrome was evaluated in the management staff of SMEs in the Delicias region of the state of Chihuahua. The approach was quantitative. Applied type. The design was non-experimental, correlational transectional. The mode was field with bibliographic support. The research work was carry out in the Delicias region, between the months of November 2021 and February 2022, the population of interest was made up of companies with 1 to 50 workers, which represented 12,596 companies, the sample was with volunteer subjects. The results obtained were that 158 people had a low level of burnout, 57 with a medium level and 19 with a high level

Análisis de los principales riesgos de trabajo que se presentan en el área administrativa de la clínica hospital b 00521 del instituto de seguridad y servicios sociales de los trabajadores del estado

This scientific research work frames the importance of knowing and preventing work risks that can happen in an office area and can lead to short term, medium term or long term effects on employees. The research was carried out at the Institute of Social Security and Services for Workers of the State of Delicias Chihuahua (ISSSTE), specifically focused on administrative staff, physical risk factors (lighting, ventilation, ergonomics of furniture and equipment) and mental risk factors were analyzed. -emotional (stress, workday, organizational climate). For the evaluation we use as a measurement instrument, a questionnaire of 18 items and 5 open questions to find out and synthesize information provided by the administrative staff. At the end of the investigation, it was possible to show low risk index within the facilities, because facilities are recently built. and of first level, the furniture and equipment is new and ergonomic and the only and main long-term affectation is manifested in complications visuals from the use of electronic devices.El presente trabajo de investigación enmarca la importancia de conocer y prevenir los diversos riesgos de trabajo que pueden presentarse en una oficina y pueden derivarse en afectaciones a corto, mediano o largo plazo en los colaboradores. La investigación se realizó en el Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado de Cd. Delicias Chihuahua, específicamente enfocado en el personal administrativo, se analizaron factores de riesgo físicos, (iluminación, ventilación, ergonomía del mobiliario y equipo) y mentales-emocionales (estrés, jornada laboral, clima organizacional). Para la evaluación utilizamos como instrumento de medición, un cuestionario de 18 items y 5 preguntas abiertas para poder conocer y sintetizar la información brindada por el personal administrativo. Al finalizar la investigación se pudo evidenciar que el índice de riesgos dentro de las instalaciones es bajo dado que las instalaciones son recientes y de primer nivel, el mobiliario y equipo es nuevo y ergonómico y la única y principal afectación a largo plazo se manifiesta en complicaciones visuales por el uso de dispositivos electrónicos

Controller-observer design and dynamic parameter identification for model-based control of an electromechanical lower-limb rehabilitation system

[EN] Rehabilitation is a hazardous task for a mechanical system, since the device has to interact with the human extremities without the hands-on experience the physiotherapist acquires over time. A gap needs to be filled in terms of designing effective controllers for this type of devices. In this respect, the paper describes the design of a model-based control for an electromechanical lower-limb rehabilitation system based on a parallel kinematic mechanism. A controller-observer was designed for estimating joint velocities, which are then used in a hybrid position/force control scheme. The model parameters are identified by customising an approach based on identifying only the relevant system dynamics parameters. Findings obtained through simulations show evidence of improvement in tracking performance compared with those where the velocity was estimated by numerical differentiation. The controller is also implemented in an actual electromechanical system for lower-limb rehabilitation tasks. Findings based on rehabilitation tasks confirm the findings from simulations.This work was partially financed by the Plan Nacional de I+D, Comision Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnologia (FEDERCICYT) under the project DPI2013-44227-R and by the Instituto U. de Automatica e Informatica Industrial (ai2) of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.Valera Fernández, Á.; Díaz-Rodríguez, M.; Vallés Miquel, M.; Oliver, E.; Mata Amela, V.; Page Del Pozo, AF. (2017). Controller-observer design and dynamic parameter identification for model-based control of an electromechanical lower-limb rehabilitation system. International Journal of Control. 90(4):702-714. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207179.2016.1215529S702714904Åström, K. J., & Murray, R. M. (2010). Feedback Systems. doi:10.2307/j.ctvcm4gdkAtkeson, C. G., An, C. H., & Hollerbach, J. M. (1986). 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A revised Durbin-Wu-Hausman test for industrial robot identification. Control Engineering Practice, 48, 52-62. doi:10.1016/j.conengprac.2015.12.017Jiménez-Fabián, R., & Verlinden, O. (2012). Review of control algorithms for robotic ankle systems in lower-limb orthoses, prostheses, and exoskeletons. Medical Engineering & Physics, 34(4), 397-408. doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.11.018Khalil, W., Vijayalingam, A., Khomutenko, B., Mukhanov, I., Lemoine, P., & Ecorchard, G. (2014). OpenSYMORO: An open-source software package for symbolic modelling of robots. 2014 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics. doi:10.1109/aim.2014.6878246Marchal-Crespo, L., & Reinkensmeyer, D. J. (2009). Review of control strategies for robotic movement training after neurologic injury. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 6(1). doi:10.1186/1743-0003-6-20Meng, W., Liu, Q., Zhou, Z., Ai, Q., Sheng, B., & Xie, S. (Shane). (2015). 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Analysis of the Adherence and Safety of Second Oral Glucose-Lowering Therapy in Routine Practice From the Mediterranean Area: A Retrospective Cohort Study

The aims of our study was compare adherence measured by the medical possession ratio (MPR), time until discontinuation and describe adverse events after adding a DPP-4i, SGLT-2i, or sulfonylureas (SU) to metformin in a primary care population with insufficient glycemic control. We used routinely-collected health data from the SIDIAP database. The included subjects were matched by propensity score. The follow-up period was up to 24 months or premature discontinuation. The primary outcomes were the percentage of subjects with good adherence, treatment discontinuation and adverse events among treatment groups. The proportion of patients with good adherence (MPR> 0.8) after the addition of DPP-4i, SGLT-2i or SU was 53.6%, 68.7%, and 43.0%, respectively. SGLT-2i users were 1.7 times more likely to achieve good adherence compared with DPP-4i users (odds ratio [OR]:1.72, 98% confidence interval [CI]:1.51, 1.96), and 2.8 times more likely compared with SU users (OR: 0.35, 98% CI: 0.07, 0.29). The discontinuation hazard ratios were 1.43 (98%CI: 1.26; 1.62) and 1.60 (98%CI: 1.42; 1.81) times higher among SGLT-2i and SU users than DPP-4i users during the follow-up period. No differences were observed for adverse events among the treatment groups. In conclusion, in our real-world setting, the combination of SGLT-2i with metformin was associated with better adherence. The mean time until discontinuation was longer in the SGLT-2i group in comparison with the DPP-4i or SU groups

Analysis of the effectiveness of second oral glucose-lowering therapy in routine clinical practice from the mediterranean area: A retrospective cohort study

Aim: To compare the changes in HbA1c, the effect on body weight or both combined after the addition of a DPP-4i, SGLT-2i, or sulfonylureas (SU) to metformin in real-world condition. Methods: We used a primary care SIDIAP database. The included subjects were matched by propensity score according to baseline age, sex, HbA1c, weight, inclusion date, diabetes duration, and kidney function. Results: Mean absolute HbA1c reduction was: 1.28% for DPP4i, 1.29% for SGLT2i and 1.26% for SU. Mean weight reduction was: 1.21 kg for DPP4i, 3.47 kg for SGLT2i and 0.04 kg for SU. The proportion of patients who achieved combined target HbA1c (≥0.5%) and weight (≥3%) reductions after the addition of DPP-4i, SGLT-2i or SU, was: 24.2%, 41.3%, and 15.2%, respectively. Small differences in systolic blood pressure reduction (1.07, 3.10 and 0.96 mmHg, respectively) were observed in favour of SGLT-2i. Concerning the lipids, we observed small differences, with an HDL-cholesterol increase with SGLT-2i. Conclusion: Our real-world study showed that the addition of SGLT-2i to metformin was associated with greater reductions in weight and the combination target of weight-HbA1c compared to SU and DPP4 inhibitors. However, similar hypoglycaemic effectiveness was observed among the three-drug classes