Caracterización genética de la población bovina guabalá mediante microsatélites

In the present work, a Guabala Creole cattle was characterized by a twenty-seven microsatellite panel, selected from a recommendation of FAO/ISAG. Samples of DNA were obtained from the Guabala Creole cattle population in the occidental region of the Republic of Panama and the Anton Valley, places where we found pure animals of this population. From each microsatellite, the polymorphic information content (PIC), mean number of alleles (Na), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), Fis statistic and the exact test for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were calculated. The results found were: PIC: 0.6044; Na: 5.63; He: 0.6458; Ho: 0.6265; Fis: 0.0504. Nine microsatellites were in disequilibria (p<0.05). The results are considered in the same range that those obtained in Spanish native populations, this result, can lead to other detailed studies of this population and the relationship with other bovine's populations.Se caracterizó la población bovina Guabalá con un panel de 27 microsatélites seleccionados a partir de las recomendaciones de la FAO/ISAG (Food and Agriculture Organization/International Society of Animal Genetics) para estudios de biodiversidad genética bovina (FAO, 2004). Se analizaron muestras de ADN obtenidas de las poblaciones bovinas criollas Guabalá en la región Occidental de la República de Panamá y en la región del Valle de Antón, sitios donde se han ubicado ejemplares puros. La amplificación se realizó mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). La electroforesis se llevó a cabo mediante un secuenciador automático ABI PRISM 377 XL. La tipificación alélica se realizó con los paquetes informáticos Genescan v.3.2.3 y Genotyper v.3.7. Para cada microsatélite se calculó el contenido de información polimórfica (PIC), el número medio de alelos (Na), la heterocigosis observada (Ho), la heterocigosis esperada (He), el estadístico Fis, y equilibrio Hardy-Weinberg (HWE). Los valores obtenidos fueron: PIC: 0,6044; Na: 5,63; He: 0,6458; Ho: 0,6265; Fis: 0,0504. Se observó que 9 microsatélites estaban en desequilibrio (p<0,05). Los valores se pueden considerar similares a los encontrados en otras poblaciones bovinas autóctonas españolas y permitirán realizar estudios minuciosos y analizar las relaciones de esta población con otras poblaciones bovinas

J/psi production as a function of charged-particle pseudorapidity density in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

We report measurements of the inclusive J/ψ yield and average transverse momentum as a function of charged-particle pseudorapidity density dNch/dη in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV with ALICE at the LHC. The observables are normalised to their corresponding averages in non-single diffractive events. An increase of the normalised J/ψ yield with normalised dNch/dη, measured at mid-rapidity, is observed at mid-rapidity and backward rapidity. At forward rapidity, a saturation of the relative yield is observed for high charged-particle multiplicities. The normalised average transverse momentum at forward and backward rapidities increases with multiplicity at low multiplicities and saturates beyond moderate multiplicities. In addition, the forward-to-backward nuclear modification factor ratio is also reported, showing an increasing suppression of J/ψ production at forward rapidity with respect to backward rapidity for increasing charged-particle multiplicity

Historia de los bovinos en Panamá y su relación con las poblaciones bovinas de iberoamérica

An historic review of the origin of the American livestock is made; a description of the bovine migrations from Spain to the islands and the first sending of animals from La Española and Santiago to continental lands, like Santa Marta, Colombia; Tamaulipas, México and Santa María La Antigua, Panamá. The movement of animals over the Panamanian territory is related as influenced by Pedrarias Dávila, Governor of Castilla del Oro, later Governor of Nicaragua. The importance of Panama like pathway of animals in the conquests of Peru and Ecuador is proposed. The historical hypothesis of the genetic influence of bovines arrived to the New World over the Iberoamerican territory, particularly the bovines of Panama is concluded.Se hace una revisión histórica sobre el origen de la ganadería en América; se describen las migraciones de bovinos que se realizan desde España hacia las islas y los primeros envíos de animales desde La Española y Santiago hacia tierra firme, como Santa Marta, Colombia; Tamaulipas, México y Santa María La Antigua, Panamá. Se relata el movimiento de animales por todo el territorio panameño, influenciado por la presencia de Pedrarias Dávila como Gobernador de Castilla del Oro y posteriormente como Gobernador de Nicaragua; se plantea la importancia del paso de bovinos por Panamá y su importancia en la conquista del Perú y Ecuador. Y se concluye con la hipótesis histórica de la influencia genética de los bovinos llegados al Nuevo Mundo sobre el territorio Iberoamericano particularmente los bovinos que llegaron a Panamá

Evaluation of real time PCR in the diagnosis of bovine leukemia virus in a local breeds from Panama

The objective of this work was to evaluate the RT-PCR test, to detect the bovine enzootic leukosis virus and compare them with the nPCR and AGID tests in 42 animals of the Guaymi breed from 5 regions of Panama. The AGID test identified the lowest number of positive animals (52%) compared to nPCR (71%) and real-time PCR, RT-PCR (76%). Four animals positive to the AGID test were negative to the nPCR and two animals positive to this same test were negative to RT-PCR. 11 of the 20 AGID negative animals tested positive for nPCR and 12 of the 20 AGID negative animals tested positive for RT-PCR. Regarding molecular tests, of the 12 animals that were negative for the nPCR, five were positive for RT-PCR and 10 animals negative for RT-PCR, 3 were positive for nPCR. The sensitivity of nPCR to AGID was 82% while the specificity was 40%; the concordance test between nPCR and AGID was k = 0.316, considered weak while the sensitivity of RT-PCR with AGID was 91% with a specificity of 40%; the concordance test between the two tests was k = 0.222 also considered weak. The RT-PCR technique is presented as a viable alternative within the group of techniques for the diagnosis of bovine enzootic leukosis virus, particularly in an eventual control program and its eradication in conservation centers of Creole races where it is required to maintain a strict control of animal health.El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la prueba de RT-PCR, para detectar el virus de leucosis enzoótica bovina y compararlas con las pruebas de nPCR y AGID en 42 animales de la raza Guaymí de 5 regiones de Panamá. La prueba de AGID identificó el menor número de animales positivos (52%) comparada con la nPCR (71%) y PCR en tiempo real, RT-PCR (76%). Cuatro animales positivos a la prueba de AGID fueron negativos a la prueba de nPCR y dos animales positivos a esta misma prueba fueron negativos a la RT-PCR. 11 de los 20 animales negativos por AGID dieron positivo a nPCR y 12 de los 20 animales negativos a AGID fueron positivos a RT-PCR. Respecto a las pruebas moleculares, de los 12 animales que resultaron negativos a la prueba de nPCR, cinco resultaron positivos a la RT-PCR y de los 10 animales negativos a RT-PCR, 3 resultaron positivos a nPCR. La sensibilidad del nPCR respecto a AGID fue de 82% mientras que la especificidad fue de 40%. La prueba de concordancia entre pruebas fue de k= 0.316, considerada débil mientras que la sensibilidad del RT-PCR respecto a la AGID fue de 91% con una especificidad de 40%; la prueba de concordancia entre ambas pruebas fue de k=0.222 considerada también débil. La técnica de RT-PCR se presenta como una alternativa viable dentro del grupo de técnicas para el diagnóstico del virus de la leucosis enzoótica bovina, particularmente en un eventual programa de control y su erradicación en centros de conservación de razas criollas donde se requiere mantener un estricto control de la salud animal

Estructura genética y cuello de botella de la población bovina guaymí mediante microsatélites

Guaymi creole cattle were characterized by a 27 microsatellite panel, selected from a recommendation of FAO/ISAG. Random samples of DNA were taken from Guaymi creole cattle population in the highlands of the Chiriqui province in Ngöbe-Buglé region in the Panama Republic. From each microsatellite, was calculated the polymorphic information content (PIC), mean number of alleles (Na), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), the F is statistic, the exact test for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). Besides a bottleneck study was calculated in this population. The result of the analysis show a PIC: 0.6899; Ne: 4.04; He: 0.7243; Ho: 0.7088; F IS : 0.0356. Three microsatellites were in unbalance (p<0.05). The results are considered in the same range of values from other creoles, exotics and Spanish native populations. It requires more detailed studies of these populations and its relation to other cattle populations. No bottleneck was showed in the recent pastSe caracterizó la población bovina Guaymí con un panel de 27 microsatélites seleccionados a partir de las recomendaciones hechas por la FAO/ISAG. Se analizaron muestras aleatorias de ADN obtenidas de la población bovina criolla Guaymí que se encuentran ubicadas en el área que comprende la comarca indígena Ngöbe-Buglé en la zona montañosa de la provincia de Chiriquí en la República de Panamá. Para cada microsatélite se calcularon el contenido de información polimórfica (PIC), el número medio de alelos (Na), la heterocigosis observada (Ho), la heterocigosis esperada (He), el estadístico F IS , y equilibrio Hardy- Weinberg (HWE). Además se calculó si existía cuello de botella en esta población. Los valores obtenidos fueron: PIC: 0,6899; Ne: 4,04; He: 0,7243; Ho: 0,7088; F IS : 0,0356. Se observaron tres microsatélites en desequilibrio (p<0,05). Los valo- res encontrados se consideran dentro de los rangos obtenidos en otras poblaciones criollas, exóticas y autóctonas españolas. Se requiere realizar estudios más detallados de estas pobla- ciones y su relación con otras poblaciones bovi- nas. No se observa cuello de botella en el pasado reciente de esta población

First measurement of jet mass in PbâPb and pâPb collisions at the LHC

This letter presents the first measurement of jet mass in Pb–Pb and p–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV and sNN=5.02 TeV, respectively. Both the jet energy and the jet mass are expected to be sensitive to jet quenching in the hot Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) matter created in nuclear collisions at collider energies. Jets are reconstructed from charged particles using the anti-kT jet algorithm and resolution parameter R=0.4. The jets are measured in the pseudorapidity range |ηjet|<0.5 and in three intervals of transverse momentum between 60 GeV/c and 120 GeV/c. The measurement of the jet mass in central Pb–Pb collisions is compared to the jet mass as measured in p–Pb reference collisions, to vacuum event generators, and to models including jet quenching. It is observed that the jet mass in central Pb–Pb collisions is consistent within uncertainties with p–Pb reference measurements. Furthermore, the measured jet mass in Pb–Pb collisions is not reproduced by the quenching models considered in this letter and is found to be consistent with PYTHIA expectations within systematic uncertainties

Neutral pion and η meson production in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

Neutral pion and η meson invariant differential yields were measured in non-single diffractive p–Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC. The analysis combines results from three complementary photon measurements, utilizing the PHOS and EMCal calorimeters and the Photon Conversion Method. The invariant differential yields of π0 and η meson inclusive production are measured near mid-rapidity in a broad transverse momentum range of 0.3&amp;lt;pT&amp;lt;20GeV/c and 0.7&amp;lt;pT&amp;lt;20GeV/c, respectively. The measured η/ π0 ratio increases with pT and saturates for pT &amp;gt; 4 GeV / c at 0.483 ± 0. 015 stat± 0. 015 sys. A deviation from mT scaling is observed for pT&amp;lt; 2 GeV / c. The measured η/ π0 ratio is consistent with previous measurements from proton-nucleus and pp collisions over the full pT range. The measured η/ π0 ratio at high pT also agrees within uncertainties with measurements from nucleus–nucleus collisions. The π0 and η yields in p–Pb relative to the scaled pp interpolated reference, RpPb, are presented for 0.3 &amp;lt; pT&amp;lt; 20 GeV / c and 0.7 &amp;lt; pT&amp;lt; 20 GeV / c, respectively. The results are compared with theoretical model calculations. The values of RpPb are consistent with unity for transverse momenta above 2 GeV / c. These results support the interpretation that the suppressed yield of neutral mesons measured in Pb–Pb collisions at LHC energies is due to parton energy loss in the hot QCD medium. © 2018, CERN for the benefit of the ALICE collaboration