7 research outputs found

    Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы для опрСдСлСния ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² прСдрасполоТСнности ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ сСрдСчно-сосудистых Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ

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    A multiplex system to detect mutations at loci rs5985, rs1799983, rs5918, rs2243093, rs4673, rs4646994, rs1722009, rs3980933, rs71103505 associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases has been developed. These mutations belong to different types - SNP, STR, Ins/Del - therefore, minisequencing and fragment analysis technologies were used to determine them. Oligonucleotide analysis was performed to amplify all loci in a single reaction format. The minisequencing technology, in comparison with fragment analysis, required additional stages of sample preparation; therefore, oligonucleotides for loci with SNP were combined into a separate plex. For the two plexes created, the same composition of the amplification mixture and parameters of the PCR reaction program were optimized, and β€œbin” panels were developed to interpret the results. The testing of the system confirmed the possibility of detecting mutations at nine loci with high sensitivity and reproducibility.Β Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Ρ систСма для опрСдСлСния ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π² локусах rs5985, rs1799983, rs5918, rs2243093, rs4673, rs4646994, rs1722009, rs3980933, rs71103505, ассоциированных с Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ сСрдСчно-сосудистых Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ относятся ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌ - SNP, STR, Ins/Del - поэтому для ΠΈΡ… опрСдСлСния ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ минисСквСнирования ΠΈ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½ΡƒΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² для Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ всСх локусов Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. ВСхнология минисСквСнирования ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… этапов ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ, Π² связи с Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½ΡƒΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ для локусов с SNP Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ плСкс. Для Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… созданных плСксов ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ состав Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ смСси ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ПЦР Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈ Β«Π±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Β» для ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Апробация систСмы ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ»Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ опрСдСлСния ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π² дСвяти локусах с высокой Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ

    Π‘ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π· 3-изобутилгСксагидропирроло[1,2-Π°]ΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½-1,4-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°

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    3-Isobutylhexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, [cyclo(prolyl-leucyl)], which has a wide range of biological effects, was obtained by thermolysis both the L-prolyl-L-leucine methyl ester and the methyl ester L-leucyl-L-proline, for the synthesis of which the removal of tert-butyloxycarbonyl amino protecting groups in tert-butyloxycarbonylprolyl-leucine methyl ester and tert-butyloxycarbonylleucyl-proline methyl ester under the action of a methanolic solution of hydrogen chloride and the treatment of the resulting of methyl esters hydrochlorides L-prolyl-L-leucine and L-leucyl-L-proline with an equimolar amount of triethylamine were used. The starting tert-butyloxycarbonylleucyl-proline methyl ester was prepared like the previously synthesized tert-butyloxycarbonylprolyl-leucine methyl ester by the carbodiimide method. It was found that the cyclization of the methyl ester of L-leucyl-L-proline into the desired diketopiperazine proceeds at a lower temperature than the cyclization of the methyl ester of L-prolyl-L-leucine.3-Π˜Π·ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎ[1,2-a]ΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½-1,4-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½, [Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎ(ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ»)], ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ спСктром биологичСского дСйствия, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ эфира L-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»-L-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ эфира L-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ»-L-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°, для синтСза ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ Π² Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚-бутилоксикарбонилпролилмСтоксилСйцинС ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚-бутилоксикарбониллСйцилмСтоксипролинС ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дСйствиСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ раствора хлористого Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… эфиров L-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»-L-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ L-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ»-L-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° эквимолярным количСством триэтиламина. Π˜ΡΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚-бутилоксикарбониллСйцилмСтоксипролин Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ синтСзированный Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚-бутилоксикарбонилпролилмСтоксилСйцин, ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. УстановлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ циклизация ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ эфира L-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ»-L-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ циклизация ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ эфира L-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»-L-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π°

    Π‘ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π· Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ»Π³Π»ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π°

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    Tert-butyloxycarbonylprolylleucylglycinamide is obtained both by the interaction of tert-butyloxycarbonylprol ylleucylglycine ethyl ester with a methanolic ammonia solution and by the reaction of glycine amide with a mixed anhydride which was synthesized from tert-butyloxycarbonylprolylleucine and isobutylchloroformate. The removal of the tert-butyloxycarbonyl group by the action of formic acid or a dioxane solution of hydrogen chloride and treatment of the resulting salts with the corresponding base yielded a prolylleucylglycinamide, by the interaction of which with acetic, benzoic or 5-phenylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acids chlorides acyl derivatives of prolylleucylglycinamide are obtained.Π’Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚-бутилоксикарбонилпролиллСйцилглицинамид ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ взаимодСйствиСм этилового эфира трСт-бутилоксикарбонилпролиллСйцилглицина с ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ раствором Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ°ΠΊΠ°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π° Π³Π»ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π° со ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, синтСзированным ΠΈΠ·Β Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚-бутилоксикарбонилпролиллСйцина ΠΈΒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎ-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΠ°Ρ‚Π°. Π£Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дСйствиСм ΠΌΡƒΡ€Π°Π²ΡŒΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ кислоты ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ диоксанового раствора хлористого Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом солСй ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ основаниСм Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ»Π³Π»ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄, взаимодСйствиСм ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ с Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ уксусной, Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 5-фСнилизоксазол-3-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ кислот ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ»Π³Π»ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π°

    Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы для опрСдСлСния 11 гСнСтичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² прСдрасполоТСнности ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ оТирСния

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    A system has been developed to identify 11 genetic markers associated with the risk of obesity: rs10852521, rs11075990, rs1121980, rs1421085, rs1477196, rs17817449, rs3751812, rs7206790, rs8047395, rs9940128 (FTO gene) and rs1137101 (LEPR gene) by minisequencing (SNaPshot analysis). The conditions for carrying out the amplification and minisequencing reactions, as well as the compositions of the reaction mixtures, were optimized so that the analysis was carried out for all 11 markers simultaneously. The resulting system was tested and showed a high degree of reproducibility and sensitivity required for the detection of these polymorphisms.Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° минисСквСнирования (SNaPshot Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·) Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° систСма для опрСдСлСния 11 гСнСтичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², связанных с риском развития оТирСния: rs10852521, rs11075990, rs1121980, rs1421085, rs1477196, rs17817449, rs3751812, rs7206790, rs8047395, rs9940128 (Π³Π΅Π½ FTO) ΠΈ rs1137101 (Π³Π΅Π½ LEPR). Условия провСдСния Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ минисСквСнирования, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ составы Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… смСсСй ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎ всСм 11 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ систСма Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒ воспроизводимости ΠΈ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для опрСдСлСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡ€Ρ„Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²

    Athlome Project Consortium: a concerted effort to discover genomic and other "omic" markers of athletic performance.

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    Despite numerous attempts to discover genetic variants associated with elite athletic performance, injury predisposition, and elite/world-class athletic status, there has been limited progress to date. Past reliance on candidate gene studies predominantly focusing on genotyping a limited number of single nucleotide polymorphisms or the insertion/deletion variants in small, often heterogeneous cohorts (i.e., made up of athletes of quite different sport specialties) have not generated the kind of results that could offer solid opportunities to bridge the gap between basic research in exercise sciences and deliverables in biomedicine. A retrospective view of genetic association studies with complex disease traits indicates that transition to hypothesis-free genome-wide approaches will be more fruitful. In studies of complex disease, it is well recognized that the magnitude of genetic association is often smaller than initially anticipated, and, as such, large sample sizes are required to identify the gene effects robustly. A symposium was held in Athens and on the Greek island of Santorini from 14-17 May 2015 to review the main findings in exercise genetics and genomics and to explore promising trends and possibilities. The symposium also offered a forum for the development of a position stand (the Santorini Declaration). Among the participants, many were involved in ongoing collaborative studies (e.g., ELITE, GAMES, Gene SMART, GENESIS, and POWERGENE). A consensus emerged among participants that it would be advantageous to bring together all current studies and those recently launched into one new large collaborative initiative, which was subsequently named the Athlome Project Consortium
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