ORC cycle for waste heat utilizing

Cílem této diplomové práce je rozbor a modelování Organického Rankinova Cyklu (ORC). Organický Rankinův Cyklus se používá pro zpětné získávání tepla z nízko potenciálních zdrojů tepla. Jejich pracovní kapalina je chladivo nebo uhlovodík, jehož vlastnosti jsou přizpůsobeny podmínkám, ve kterých se provádí zpětné získávání tepla. Další kapitoly obsahují technické řešení spalinového výměníku kogenerační jednotky pro použití ORC a částečně ekonomická studie využití v České republice.The aim of this diploma work is the study and the modeling of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). Organic Rankine Cycle is used for heat recovery from low-potential heat sources. Their working fluid is a refrigerant or a hydrocarbon whose properties are adapted to the conditions in which the heat recovery is performed. The other chapters include the technical resolution of exhaust-heat exchanger of cogeneration unit for application ORC and partially economic study use in Czech Republic.

Trigeneration

Cílem této bakalářské práce je představit princip a přednosti kogenerace a následně trigenerace. Jsou zde popsány používané kogenerační primární jednotky, které přeměňují energii obsaženou v palivu na potřebnou formu energie. Další část práce se zabývá srovnáním kompresorového a absorpčního chlazení. Závěrem bakalářské práce je ekonomické zhodnocení nákladů u všech uvažovaných chladicích systémů s ohledem na životnost soustavy.The aim of this thesis is present procedure and advantages of cogeneration and trigeneration. There are described primary cogeneration units which transform energy contained in fuel to required form of energy. Another part of the work deals with comparison of cooling technologies, namely vapour-cycle and absorption cycles. At the conclusion of the bachelor thesis, the economic assessment is present for all considered for cooling systems with reference to durability of the system.

Realization of High Dynamic Range Imaging in the GLORIA Network and Its Effect on Astronomical Measurement

Citizen science project GLORIA (GLObal Robotic-telescopes Intelligent Array) is a first free- and open-access network of robotic telescopes in the world. It provides a web-based environment where users can do research in astronomy by observing with robotic telescopes and/or by analyzing data that other users have acquired with GLORIA or from other free-access databases. Network of 17 telescopes allows users to control selected telescopes in real time or schedule any more demanding observation. This paper deals with new opportunity that GLORIA project provides to teachers and students of various levels of education. At the moment, there are prepared educational materials related to events like Sun eclipse (measuring local atmosphere changes), Aurora Borealis (calculation of Northern Lights height), or transit of Venus (measurement of the Earth-Sun distance). Student should be able to learn principles of CCD imaging, spectral analysis, basic calibration like dark frames subtraction, or advanced methods of noise suppression. Every user of the network can design his own experiment. We propose advanced experiment aimed at obtaining astronomical image data with high dynamic range. We also introduce methods of objective image quality evaluation in order to discover how HDR methods are affecting astronomical measurements

VIRTUAL AUDITORY SPACE FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED – METHODS FOR TESTING VIRTUAL SOUND SOURCE LOCALIZATION

Presented at the 19th International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD2013) on July 6-9, 2013 in Lodz, Poland.This article deals with issue of virtual sound source positioning for the purposes of acoustic navigation in unknown spaces and extends our research published last year. Navigation experiment was based on using PERSEUS assistive device. No appropriate standards in the field of performing subjective localization a navigation tests can be found. Our methods of design and evaluation of the listening and navigation tests are proposed and discussed. The following text is considered as an overview with references to our previous articles, which contain more detailed info

A meteorite-dropping superbolide from the catastrophically disrupted comet C1919Q2 Metcalf: a pathway for meteorites from Jupiter family comets

2 pages, 1 figure.-- Contributed to: 40th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (The Woodlands, Texas ,Mar 23-27, 2009).It is widely accepted that cometary nuclei are composed of a mix of volatile ices and meteoritic materials. In a series of seminal papers F. L. Whipple tried to explain how the irregular internal structure of each nuclei would be able to explain the nongravitational forces, and how the continuous sublimation of the ice species would lead to explain the origin of meteoroid streams. Not essential progress was made until that the approach of a cruise of international spacecrafts to comet 1P/Halley allowed to achieve the first direct view of a cometary nucleus.Peer reviewe

A meteorite-dropping superbolide from the catastrophycally disrupted comet C1919Q2 metcalf : a pathway for meteorites from jupiter family comets

It is widely accepted that cometary nu- clei are composed of a mix of volatile ices and meteor- itic materials. In a series of seminal papers F. L. Whipple tried to explain how the irregular internal structure of each nuclei would be able to explain the nongravitational forces, and how the continuous sub- limation of the ice species would lead to explain the origin of meteoroid streams [1,2,3]. Not essential pro- gress was made until that the approach of a cruise of international spacecrafts to comet 1P/Halley allowed to achieve the first direct view of a cometary nucleus [4]. At that time several models were built to explain the main features observed in 1P/Halley nucleus under the main concept that cometary nuclei were born from the accretion of weakly bounded ice-rich cometesimals [5, 6]. A similar view was extracted from the 81P/Wild 2 fragile aggregates recovered by Stardust mission [7]. Obviously, particles recollected in the coma of a comet are biased towards those fragile aggregates that are lifted off from ice-rich regions by the sublimated gas drag. Many cometary meteoroid streams crossing the Earth were formed in this way, but not all. Catastro- phic disruption of cometary nuclei is also a regular mechanism of producing meteoroid streams [8, 9, 10]. Interestingly, this mechanism is able to produce large boulders as observed e.g. during the disruption of comet C/1999 S4 LINEAR [11]. It was believed that the large fragments released by these break-up events will proceed to faint in the coma due to suffer a cas- cade fragmentation. Obviously remote observations are not able to decipher if the final product of these events are mm- or m-sized meteoroids. In a recent pa- per [12] we identified a meter-sized meteoroid that was probably produced during the disintegration of comet C1919Q2 Metcalf. It produced a very bright fireball, with a maximum brightness of magn. –18 that was observed over much of Spain as well as parts of Portugal, and France on July 11, 2008 at 21:17:39 UTC. Fortuitously, it flew over many of the instru- ments operated by the SPanish Meteor and Fireball Network (SPMN) so that accurate measurements of its properties were recorded. Here we summarize both these observations and the deductions made from them regarding the nature and origin of the body that gave rise to this fireball

Techno-economic analysis of fluidized bed combustion of a mixed fuel from sewage and paper mill sludge

The treatment and disposal of sewage sludge is one of the most important and critical issues of wastewater treatment plants. One option for sludge liquidation is the production of fuel in the form of pellets from mixed sewage and paper mill sludge. This study presents the results of the combustion of pelletized fuels, namely sewage and paper mill sludge, and their 2:1 and 4:1 blends in a fluidized bed combustor. The flue gas was analysed after reaching a steady state at bed temperatures of 700-800 degrees C. Commonly used flue gas cleaning is still necessary, especially for SO2; therefore, it is worth mentioning that the addition of paper mill sludge reduced the mercury concentration in the flue gas to limits acceptable in most EU countries. The analysis of ash after combustion showed that magnesium, potassium, calcium, chromium, copper, zinc, arsenic, and lead remained mostly in the ash after combustion, while all cadmium from all fuels used was transferred into the flue gas together with a substantial part of chlorine and mercury. The pellets containing both sewage and paper mill sludge can be used as an environmentally friendly alternative fuel for fluidised bed combustion. The levelized cost of this alternative fuel is at the same current price level as lignite.Web of Science1523art. no. 896

A decade of GRB follow-up by BOOTES in Spain (2003-2013)

This article covers ten years of GRB follow-ups by the Spanish BOOTES stations: 71 follow-ups providing 23 detections. Follow-ups by BOOTES-1B from 2005 to 2008 were given in the previous article, and are here reviewed, updated, and include additional detection data points as the former article merely stated their existence. The all-sky cameras CASSANDRA have not yet detected any GRB optical afterglows, but limits are reported where available

Asteroid 2002NY40 as a source of meteorite-dropping bolides

The existence of asteroidal meteoroid streams capable of producing meteorite-dropping bolides has long being invoked, but evidence is scarce. Recent modelling of previously reported associations suggests that the time-scales to keep the orbital coherence of these streams producing meteorites are too short. We present an unequivocal association between near earth object (NEO) 2002NY40 and at least one bright fireball detected over Finland in 2006 August. Another two additional fireballs recorded from Spain and Finland seem to be related, together producing a fireball-producing stream (β Aquarids). On the basis of historical data, the 2006 finding suggests the existence of a meteoroid complex capable of producing meteorites. Taking into account present time-scales for orbital decoherence, if 2002NY40 has large meteoroids associated with it, such behaviour would be the consequence of a relatively recent asteroidal fragmentation. Supporting our claim, the heliocentric orbits of two recently discovered NEOs, 2004NL8 and 2002NY40, were found to exhibit a good similarity to each other and also to the orbits of the three bolides. The fireball spectra of the two Finish bolides showed that the chemical abundances of these objects are consistent with the main elements found in chondrites. This result is consistent with the probable Low iron, Low metal (LL) chondritic mineralogy of asteroid 2002NY40. Consequently, this asteroid may be delivering LL chondrites to the Earth. Additional fireball reports found in the literature suggest that the associated β Aquarid complex may have been delivering meteorites to the Earth during, at least, the last millennium