Panorama actual de la Documentación Científico-Técnica

El final d'aquest segle ve marcat per canvis profunds que es caracteritzen per una sèrie de transformacions, com la convergència tecnològica i la globalització dels mitjans de comunicació i els seus continguts. Aquests canvis que impliquen transformacions sociològiques de gran abast tant en l'ús de les noves tecnologies, com en la forma de subministrar i usar els serveis, suposen una verdadera revolució basada en la informació i el coneixement que han fet que l'època actual sigui sovint definida com era de la Informació. Els documentalistes per la seva missió d'analitzar, recuperar i difondre la informació, han vist en poc temps canviar totalment el panorama del seu mitjà de treball. Analògicament, la formació d'aquests professionals ha passat de l'autodidactisme en l'adquisició de coneixements bàsics i de l'empirisme dels aplicats, a uns ensenyaments reglats que abarquen o proven d'abarcar tots els coneixements necessaris per exercir la professió en un món tecnificat i de ràpida evolució. | El fin del presente siglo viene marcado por cambios profundos que se caracterizan por una serie de transformaciones, como la convergencia tecnológica y la globalización de los medios de comunicación y sus contenidos. Estos cambios que implican transformaciones sociológicas de gran alcance tanto en el uso de las nuevas tecnologías, como en la forma de suministrar y utilizar los servicios, suponen una verdadera revolución basada en la información y el conocimiento que han hecho que la época actual sea frecuentemente definida como era de la Información. Los documentalistas por su misión de analizar, recuperar y difundir la información, han visto en poco tiempo cambiar totalmente el panorama de su medio de trabajo. Análogamente, la formación de estos profesionales ha pasado del autodidactismo en la adquisición de los conocimientos básicos y del empirismo en los aplicados, a unas enseñanzas regladas que abarcan o intentan abarcar todos los conocimientos necesarios para ejercer la profesión en un mundo tecnificado y en rápida evolución. | The end of XX century is marked by a number of profund changes driven by the convergence of technologies and the globalization of media and their contents. These changes involve far-reaching social moves both in the use of new technologies and in the ways services are provided and used, making up a true revolution based on information and knowledge, so as present times are usually named the Information Age. Being responsible for analyzing, retrieving and disseminating information, the information and documentation professionals have witnessed a rapid and complete transformation of their working habits. Similarly, the training of these professionales moved from the self-education and empirical approaches, to regular courses which include all knowledge needed to work in a highly technological and rapidly changing world

El consumo de la información científico-técnica por las empresas

The use of information of the Spanish industrial firms located at the Autonomous Community of Madrid is analyzed through the bibliographic searches and copies of original documents requested to CINDOC. Subject distribution of requested documents is shown as well as the age-dependent decrease of the demand. Journal articles account for 95% of requests, their scattering, distribution by countries and obsolescence according to subjects is also determined. Industrial firms in the Biomedical and Chemical sectors are the biggest users of information , as contained in United States and Western European journals and the Spanish journals are also heavily used. More of 60% of requested articles has been published in the 90s, while only 5% were published before 1970. Highest degree obsolescence appears in Medicine, Pharmacy and BiologyEstudio del consumo de información de las empresas españolas a través de la demanda de consultas bibliográficas y copias de documentos recibida en el CINDOC, procedente de las empresas de la Comunidad de Madrid. Para los diferentes tipos de documentos solicitados se determina la distribución por materias y su antigüedad, y para los artículos de revistas que constituyen más del 95% de los documentos requeridos se determina también la dispersión por títulos de las revistas y la procedencia de éstas por países de edición. Los datos ponen de manifiesto que las empresas de los sectores biomédico (Medicina, Farmacia y Biología) y químico son las que más información externa utilizan, publicada sobre todo en revistas de Estados Unidos y de los países europeos occidentales, y que las revistas españolas tienen también una alta utilización. Más del 60% de la información solicitada es de la década actual y sólo un 5% de los trabajos solicitados es anterior a 1970. De las materias más demandadas, Medicina, Farmacia y Biología son las que muestran mayor obsolescenci

Glosario de términos en Acuicultura

175 páginas[ES] Este glosario recoge los principales términos del idioma castellano utilizados en Acuicultura con su correspondencia en inglés, francés, italiano y alemán y el nombre científico latino, cuando corresponde. Constituye por tanto una parte importante de la terminología científica utilizada en Acuicultura en relación con la reproducción, genética, patología, cultivo, nutrición, etc. tanto de especies acuícolas cultivables como de especies auxiliares.[EN] This glossary contains the main terms of the Spanish language used in Aquaculture with its correspondence in English, French, Italian and German and Latin scientific name, where it’s applicable. Is therefore an important part of the scientific terminology used in Aquaculture in relation to reproduction, genetics, pathology, crop, nutrition, etc. as arable aquaculture species as auxiliary species.Peer reviewe

Las revistas españolas de ciencias de la salud frente a los criterios de calidad editorial LATINDEX

The results of the application of the editorial quality criteria established by the Regional Information System LATINDEX to the Spanish biomedical journals are presented. These journals are analysed both globally and grouped by related specialities. A high level of criteria compliance is observed. Data about the international diffusion of these journals in international databases on Health Sciences and in Internet are also commented.Se presentan los resultados de evaluación de las revistas españolas de Ciencias de la Salud con respecto a los parámetros editoriales establecidos por el Sistema Regional de Información LATINDEX, cuyo cumplimiento es requerido para ser incluidas en el Catálogo de dicho sistema. Se examina el comportamiento de las revistas de forma conjunta, así como distribuidas en grupos de especialidades afines, observándose un alto grado de cumplimiento de dichos parámetros. Se determina también la difusión de las revistas en bases de datos internacionales de Ciencias de la Salud, así como su presencia y grado de accesibilidad en Internet

Análisis de las referencias bibliográficas incluidas en los artículos de Zoología publicados en revistas españolas

The aim of this study is to identify the publications with the greatest influence on the Spanish researchers on Zoology, through the analysis of references cited in their articles in Spanish journals, considering document type, year of publication, geographic origin and subject. The references to journals and monographs are studied in more detail obtaining a ranking of the most cited ones. The results show that journals are the most cited documents (over 70%) followed by books (23%). Both Spanish journals and books are amongst the most cited.Con objeto de identificar las publicaciones que influyen en la producción científica de los investigadores españoles del campo de la Biología Animal, se han estudiado las referencias incluidas en los artículos de zoología publicados en revistas españolas, determinando su tipología documental, la antigüedad de las citas, su origen geográfico y la materia general de las mismas, y se han obtenido clasificaciones por número de citas de las revistas y los libros citados. Los resultados muestran que las publicaciones periódicas constituyen más del 70% de los documentos citados, seguidas de los libros que superan el 23%. En las clasificaciones de revistas y monografías por número de citas, las publicadas en España ocupan el primer lugar

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study

Background: Approximately 450 000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings: Of 63 093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11 848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11 476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11 848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8-13·2). 10 099 (89·9%) of 11 235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11 848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10 202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10 804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10 428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05-6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50-75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation: Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life

Comparative study of journal selection criteria used by MEDLINE and EMBASE, and their application to Spanish biomedical journals

Journal selection criteria are studied for international databases MEDLINE and EMBASE and also LILACS, which covers only Latin-american and Caribbean biomedical production but follows exhaustive selection criteria that are widely reported. The three databases consider subject suitablility, quality of contents, quality of editorial work, production quality, selection methods of proposed articles, type of contributions, language and geographic coverage and other additional requirements included by some of them and not specified by others. The selection criteria of international databases are compared applied to the Spanish biomedical journals indexed by MEDLINE, EMBASE or both. Presently, 41 Spanish journals are indexed by MEDLINE, and 111 by EMBASE, being 28 titles common to both. Regarding the number of journals indexed in both databases, we can assume that the criteria used by MEDLINE are more restrictive than those used by EMBASE. Special consideration is given to the 13 Spanish journals indexed by MEDLINE and not by EMBASE. Finally, after studying journals indexed by the Spanish databases IBECS (Indice Bibliográfico Español de Ciencias de la Salud) and IME (Indice médico Español), conclusions are shown implying that their selection criteria must be based in those applied by MEDLINE or EMBASE

Suministro de documentos: preciso y costes

[ES]Se examinan los costes directos e indirectos generados en el suministro de documentos primarios, tanto en el caso de reproducción como de préstamo, asi como las posibles opciones que se pueden establecer para la financiación de dichos costes, indicando las ventajas e inconvenientes de cada una de ellas. Despues de exponer la normativa legal vigente sobre el cobro de servicios públicos, se recoge en una tabla la gama de valores máximos y mínimos en la que oscilan las tarifas aplicadas por unas 500 bibliotecas españolas. Los datos aportados destacan la necesidad de coordinación entre esas bibliotecas, a fin de homogeneizar tanto las tarifas como las modalidades de pago y peticion[EN] Direct and indirect costs produced by the document supply, both for reproduction and loan, are examined togetber with possible financing options, their advantages and disadvantages. After describing the current legal situation of public services charges in Spain, the maximum and minimum fees for interlending activities of about 500 Spanish libraries are presented. The data emphasize the need of coordination between libraries in order lo unify hoth fees and methods of request and payment.Peer reviewe