The effects of atorvastatin on hematological and inflammatory parameters

Kronik inflamasyon ateroskleroz ve komplikasyonlarının gelisiminde rol oynamaktadır. Hiperkolesterolemide kronik bir inflamasyon söz konusu olup kemokin ve sitokinlerin uyarılması, endotelial adezyon moleküllerinin artısı, lipoproteinler üzerindeki okside maddelere karsı ortaya çıkan immün reaksiyonlar meydana gelmektedir. Statinlerin hem lipid parametrelerini hem de antitrombotik, antiproliferatif ve endotel disfonksiyonlarını düzeltici etkileri ile ateroskleroz üzerine olumlu etkileri gösterilmistir. Bu prospektif çalısmada atorvastatinin hiperkolesterolemili hastalarda lipid parametleri yanında lenfosit, monositler ile çesitli inflamatuar belirteçler üzerine etkisi arastırıldı. Çalısmaya “Adult Treatment Panel for Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program” ölçütlerine uygun 40 (14 erkek, yas ortalaması 47±9) primer hiperkolesterolemi hastası alındı. Çalısma Üniversite Proje fonundan (Proje no TF- 7005) kısmen desteklendi. Sağlık Bakanlığı Merkez (2006/16638 karar) ve Tıp Fakültesi Merkez (2006/010-54) Etik Kurullarından onay alındı. Sekonder hiperkolesterolemi, gebelik, laktasyon, akut koroner sendrom, böbrek yetersizliği, malignite, akut/kronik enfeksiyon ve inflamasyon, diyabetes mellitus, kanamaya yatkınlık, karaciğer fonksiyon bozukluğu dıslama kriterleriydi. Hastalara 12 hafta boyunca atorvastatin günde 20 mg baslandı. Tedavi öncesinde ve sonunda tam kan, sedimantasyon hızı, high-sensitive C-reaktif protein (hs-CRP), lipid parametreleri, fibrinojen, AST, ALT, CK-MB, flow-cytometry ile CD-3, 4, 5, 8, 14, 16, 19, 40, 45, ELISA ile interlökin (IL)-1, 6, 18, interferon gama (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), soluble CD-40, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) düzeyleri değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar two-paired student-t testi ile karsılastırıldı, p<0.05 değerler anlamlı kabul edildi. Tedavi sırasında önemli bir yan etki gözlenmedi. Atorvastatin tedavi sonunda total kolesterol (p<0.001), düsük dansitelilipoprotein kolesterol (p<0.001), trigliserid (p=0.006), çok düsük dansiteli-lipoprotein kolesterol (p=0.012), yüksek dansiteli-lipoprotein kolesterol (p<0.001) değerlerini anlamlı derecede düsürdü. Hematolojik olarak mutlak lenfosit (p=0.003) ve trombosit (p=0.001) sayılarını azaltırken monosit sayısını arttırdı (p=0.002). Fibrinojen, sedimantasyon hızı, AST, hs-CRP düzeylerini etkilemezken (p>0.05), ALT düzeyini arttırdı (p=0.041). Flow-cytometry’de yalnızca lenfositlerdeki CD-14 (p=0.015) ve CD-19 (p=0.039) ekspresyonunu azalttı. Atorvastatin TNF-α (p<0.001), sCD-40 (p<0.001), ICAM-1 (p<0.001), IL-18 (p=0.024) düzeylerini azaltırken IL-1,IL-6 ve VCAM-1, IFN-γ düzeylerini değistirmedi. Sonuç olarak bu çalısmada atorvastatinin lipid parametrelerine olumlu etkileri yanında bu etkilerinden bağımsız olarak trombosit sayısını azaltarak antitrombotik, inflamatuar belirteçleri azaltarak anti-inflamatuar etkinlik sağlayarak ateroskleroz üzerinde olumlu etkisi saptanmıstır

The difference of cardiovascular risk factors between different work groups in aydin city

AMAÇ: Kardiyovasküler hastalık (KVH), Avrupa topluluklarının çoğunda önemli bir erken ölüm yada yeti yitimi nedenidir. KVH için günümüzde kabul edilen tehlike etkenlerinin, Aydın'da, değişik meslek kesimleri arasındaki dağılım ve farklılıklarını ortaya koymayı amaçladık. GEREÇ ve YÖNTEM: Çalışmaya, Aydın İli'ndeki bankacı, öğretmen, sağlık çalışanları, esnaf, zanaatkar çiftçilerden oluşan meslek kesimlerinin her birinden 50±5 kişi rastgele örnekleme yöntemiyle toplam 302 kişi dahil edilmiştir. Her katılımcı için, özel sormaca (anket) belgesi dolduruldu. Katılımcıların kan basınçları, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ), triseps deri kıvrım kalınlığı (DKK) ile kan kolesterol ve glukoz düzeyleri parmak ucu kanı örneklerinden bilinen yerleşik yöntemlerle ölçüldü. BULGULAR: Katılımcı 302 kişinin %45'i kadın, %55'i erkekti. Çalışma kitlemizdeki olgu kesimleri arasında en genç kitleyi sağlıkçılar oluşturuyordu. Sigarayı bırakanların %40'ını öğretmenler, %27'sini çiftçiler oluşturuyordu. Bir paketten fazla sigara içenlerin %40'ını esnaflar oluşturuyordu. Katılımcıların %25'inde kan basıncı yüksek bulundu. Kan basıncı yüksek olanların çoğunluğunu (%41'ini) çiftçiler oluşturuyordu. Toplam 43 kişinin total kolesterol değeri, 9 kişinin de açlık kan şekeri değeri yüksek bulundu. Toplam 48 kişinin VKİ >30 kg/m2 saptandı. Çiftçiler ile sağlıkçı, esnaf, bankacı ve öğretmen meslek kesimleri arasında VKİ açısından istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar saptandı (p<0,05). Araştırmaya katılan çiftçiler ortalama 28,69±5,27kg/m2 ile en yüksek VKİ'ne sahipti. Çiftçilerde DKK ortalaması 21,86±8,48 mm ile bankacı, sağlıkçı ve öğretmenlerden anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. SONUÇ: Hipertansiyon tanısı almış olanlara nazaran kan basıncı yüksek olanlar daha fazladır. Çiftçilerde VKİ ve DKK daha yüksek bulunmaktadır. Meslek kesimleri arasında açlık kan şekeri ve total kolesterol değerleri anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemektedir. Sigara içilmesi tüm kesimlerde yüksek sıklıkta ama en sık esnafta, zanaatkarlarda ve bankacılarda (sırasıyla: yüzde 61, 52 ve 51) görülmektedir.OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are an important cause of early deaths and ability loss in most of Europen countries.Our aim is to reveal the dispersion and the difference of cardiovascular risk factors between different job groups in Aydin. MATERIAL and METHODS: We included total 302 persons and 50±5 person from each job group by random selection.Job groups were; bank workers, teachers, health workers, farmers, craftsmen and artisans.Study questionnaire form filled for each participant.Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfold thickness, capiller total cholesterol and capiller blood glucose levels were measured by known methods. RESULTS: 45% of participants were women, 55% of participants were men.In the stopped smoking group; 40% were teachers and 27% were farmers.Craftsmen constitude the 40% of smoking more than one box per day group.We found high blood pressure in 25% of total participitants.Farmers constitute the quorum (41%) of high blood pressure group. 43 persons' total cholesterol and 9 persons' blood glucose levels were found high.BMI of the 48 persons was >30 kg/m2There was significantly difference between farmers' BMI and the other groups.(p<0.05).Farmers had the highest BMI (28.69±5.27 kg/m2) between job groups.Mean triceps skinfold thickness in farmers was 21.86±8.48 mm and was significant than bank workers, health workers and teachers. CONCLUSION: Determined high blood pressure is more than diagnosed hypertension cases in our study.Skinfold thickness and BMI are higher in farmers.There is no statistically difference between job groups about total cholesterol and blood glucose levels.Smoking is high in all job groups but mostly in craftsmen, artisans and bank workers(in order; 61%, 52% and 51%

a review of methodological design choices

Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.This systematic literature review aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics and methods used in studies applying the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY) concept for infectious diseases within European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA)/European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries and the United Kingdom. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for articles reporting the assessment of DALY and its components. We considered studies in which researchers performed DALY calculations using primary epidemiological data input sources. We screened 3,053 studies of which 2,948 were excluded and 105 studies met our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 22 were multi-country and 83 were single-country studies, of which 46 were from the Netherlands. Food- and water-borne diseases were the most frequently studied infectious diseases. Between 2015 and 2022, the number of burden of infectious disease studies was 1.6 times higher compared to that published between 2000 and 2014. Almost all studies (97%) estimated DALYs based on the incidence- and pathogen-based approach and without social weighting functions; however, there was less methodological consensus with regards to the disability weights and life tables that were applied. The number of burden of infectious disease studies undertaken across Europe has increased over time. Development and use of guidelines will promote performing burden of infectious disease studies and facilitate comparability of the results.publishersversionepub_ahead_of_prin

Burden of infectious disease studies in Europe and the United Kingdom: a review of methodological design choices.

This systematic literature review aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics and methods used in studies applying the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) concept for infectious diseases within European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA)/European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries and the United Kingdom. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for articles reporting the assessment of DALY and its components. We considered studies in which researchers performed DALY calculations using primary epidemiological data input sources. We screened 3053 studies of which 2948 were excluded and 105 studies met our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 22 were multi-country and 83 were single-country studies, of which 46 were from the Netherlands. Food- and water-borne diseases were the most frequently studied infectious diseases. Between 2015 and 2022, the number of burden of infectious disease studies was 1.6 times higher compared to that published between 2000 and 2014. Almost all studies (97%) estimated DALYs based on the incidence- and pathogen-based approach and without social weighting functions; however, there was less methodological consensus with regards to the disability weights and life tables that were applied. The number of burden of infectious disease studies undertaken across Europe has increased over time. Development and use of guidelines will promote performing burden of infectious disease studies and facilitate comparability of the results

Methodological considerations in injury burden of disease studies across Europe: a systematic literature review

Background: Calculating the disease burden due to injury is complex, as it requires many methodological choices. Until now, an overview of the methodological design choices that have been made in the burden of disease (BoD) studies in injury populations is not available. The aim of this systematic literature review was to identify existing injury BoD studies undertaken across Europe and to comprehensively review the methodological design choices and assumption parameters that have been made to calculate years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD) in these studies. Methods: We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the grey literature supplemented by hand-searching, for BoD studies. We included injury BoD studies that quantified the BoD expressed in YLL, YLD, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) in countries within the European Region between early 1990 and mid-2021. Results: We retrieved 2,914 results of which 48 performed an injury-specific BoD assessment. Single-country independent and Global Burden of Disease (GBD)-linked injury BoD studies were performed in 11 European countries. Approximately 79% of injury BoD studies reported the BoD by external cause-of-injury. Most independent studies used the incidence-based approach to calculate YLDs. About half of the injury disease burden studies applied disability weights (DWs) developed by the GBD study. Almost all independent injury studies have determined YLL using national life tables. Conclusions: Considerable methodological variation across independent injury BoD assessments was observed; differences were mainly apparent in the design choices and assumption parameters towards injury YLD calculations, implementation of DWs, and the choice of a life table for YLL calculations. The development and use of guidelines for performing and reporting of injury BoD studies are crucial to enhance transparency and comparability of injury BoD estimates across Europe and beyond.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Methodological considerations in injury burden of disease studies across Europe: a systematic literature review.

BACKGROUND Calculating the disease burden due to injury is complex, as it requires many methodological choices. Until now, an overview of the methodological design choices that have been made in burden of disease (BoD) studies in injury populations is not available. The aim of this systematic literature review was to identify existing injury BoD studies undertaken across Europe and to comprehensively review the methodological design choices and assumption parameters that have been made to calculate years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD) in these studies. METHODS We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, and the grey literature supplemented by handsearching, for BoD studies. We included injury BoD studies that quantified the BoD expressed in YLL, YLD, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) in countries within the European Region between early-1990 and mid-2021. RESULTS We retrieved 2,914 results of which 48 performed an injury-specific BoD assessment. Single-country independent and Global Burden of Disease (GBD)-linked injury BoD studies were performed in 11 European countries. Approximately 79% of injury BoD studies reported the BoD by external cause-of-injury. Most independent studies used the incidence-based approach to calculate YLDs. About half of the injury disease burden studies applied disability weights (DWs) developed by the GBD study. Almost all independent injury studies have determined YLL using national life tables. CONCLUSIONS Considerable methodological variation across independent injury BoD assessments was observed; differences were mainly apparent in the design choices and assumption parameters towards injury YLD calculations, implementation of DWs, and the choice of life table for YLL calculations. Development and use of guidelines for performing and reporting of injury BoD studies is crucial to enhance transparency and comparability of injury BoD estimates across Europe and beyond

Burden of infectious disease studies in Europe and the United Kingdom: a review of methodological design choices.

This systematic literature review aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics and methods used in studies applying the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) concept for infectious diseases within European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA)/European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries and the United Kingdom. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for articles reporting the assessment of DALY and its components. We considered studies in which researchers performed DALY calculations using primary epidemiological data input sources. We screened 3053 studies of which 2948 were excluded and 105 studies met our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 22 were multi-country and 83 were single-country studies, of which 46 were from the Netherlands. Food- and water-borne diseases were the most frequently studied infectious diseases. Between 2015 and 2022, the number of burden of infectious disease studies was 1.6 times higher compared to that published between 2000 and 2014. Almost all studies (97%) estimated DALYs based on the incidence- and pathogen-based approach and without social weighting functions; however, there was less methodological consensus with regards to the disability weights and life tables that were applied. The number of burden of infectious disease studies undertaken across Europe has increased over time. Development and use of guidelines will promote performing burden of infectious disease studies and facilitate comparability of the results

Burden of infectious disease studies in Europe and the United Kingdom: a review of methodological design choices

This systematic literature review aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics and methods used in studies applying the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY) concept for infectious diseases within European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA)/European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries and the United Kingdom. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for articles reporting the assessment of DALY and its components. We considered studies in which researchers performed DALY calculations using primary epidemiological data input sources. We screened 3,053 studies of which 2,948 were excluded and 105 studies met our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 22 were multi-country and 83 were single-country studies, of which 46 were from the Netherlands. Food- and water-borne diseases were the most frequently studied infectious diseases. Between 2015 and 2022, the number of burden of infectious disease studies was 1.6 times higher compared to that published between 2000 and 2014. Almost all studies (97%) estimated DALYs based on the incidence- and pathogen-based approach and without social weighting functions; however, there was less methodological consensus with regards to the disability weights and life tables that were applied. The number of burden of infectious disease studies undertaken across Europe has increased over time. Development and use of guidelines will promote performing burden of infectious disease studies and facilitate comparability of the results

Burden of infectious disease studies in Europe and the United Kingdom : a review of methodological design choices

This systematic literature review aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics and methods used in studies applying the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) concept for infectious diseases within European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA)/European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries and the United Kingdom. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for articles reporting the assessment of DALY and its components. We considered studies in which researchers performed DALY calculations using primary epidemiological data input sources. We screened 3053 studies of which 2948 were excluded and 105 studies met our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 22 were multi-country and 83 were single-country studies, of which 46 were from the Netherlands. Food- and water-borne diseases were the most frequently studied infectious diseases. Between 2015 and 2022, the number of burden of infectious disease studies was 1.6 times higher compared to that published between 2000 and 2014. Almost all studies (97%) estimated DALYs based on the incidence- and pathogen-based approach and without social weighting functions; however, there was less methodological consensus with regards to the disability weights and life tables that were applied. The number of burden of infectious disease studies undertaken across Europe has increased over time. Development and use of guidelines will promote performing burden of infectious disease studies and facilitate comparability of the results