Análisis del efecto de un programa de entrenamiento de la memoria en adultos mayores típicos

135 p.Introducción: Los resultados de una serie de estudios han indicado que actividades cognitivamente estimulantes pueden constituir un factor protector contra el deterioro cognitivo en la edad avanzada. Sobre la base de estas observaciones, los investigadores han tratado de mejorar o mantener el funcionamiento cognitivo por medio de intervenciones cognitivas sistemáticas, tales como programas de entrenamiento de la memoria. Objetivo: obtener evidencia empírica sobre el efecto de un programa de entrenamiento de la memoria, basado en la enseñanza de estrategias verbales, en el recuerdo inmediato y diferido de información. Método: Se seleccionó por conveniencia una muestra de 26 adultos mayores típicos, divididos en dos grupos un grupo experimental (GE) y un grupo control (GC), cada uno compuesto por 13 sujetos; 12 mujeres y un hombre. A cada adulto mayor se le administraron mediciones de memoria episódica verbal a través del Test de Aprendizaje Auditivo Verbal de Rey (RAVLT) (Rey, 1964), antes y después de participar en 8 sesiones de intervención, de cuarenta y cinco minutos cada una aproximadamente, con una frecuencia de una vez por semana. Ambos grupos fueron similares en edad, sexo y nivel de educación. Resultados: el grupo beneficiario del programa de entrenamiento de la memoria obtuvo ganancias significativas en el recuerdo inmediato y diferido de información. No obstante, dichas ganancias no excedieron a las observadas en la condición de control activa. Discusión: Se discuten las implicancias en torno al efecto de programas de entrenamiento cognitivo de la memoria, corroborando que los hallazgos encontrados en la literatura fueron similares a los arrojados en el presente estudio. Palabras claves: Memoria episódica verbal, entrenamiento cognitivo, adultos mayores típicos./ABSTRACT: Introduction: The results of some studies have indicated that cognitively stimulating activities may constitute a protective factor against cognitive damage in the elderly stage. According to these observations, the researchers have tried to improve or keep cognitive performance through systematic cognitive interventions, such as memory training programs. Objective: to get empirical evidence about the effect of a training program of memory based on teaching verbal strategies, in the immediate and delayed recall of information. Method: It was selected by convenience, the sample of 26 typical seniors, divided two groups, one experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG), each group consisting of 13 people; 12 women and one man. To each senior was administered measures of verbal episodic memory through Auditory Verbal Learning Test Rey (RAVLT) (Rey, 1964), before and after participating in 8 sessions of intervention , forty five minutes each one approximately, with frequency once a week. Results: memory training program beneficiary group obtained significant goals in the immediate and delayed recall of information. However, these goals do not exceed those observed in the active control condition. Discussion: it is discuss about the implications around the specific effect of programs training the memory. Key words: verbal episodic memory, cognitive training, aging

Systematic mapping review of interventions to prevent blood loss, infection and relapse in orthognathic surgery

This systematic mapping review aims to identify, describe, and organize the currently available evidence in systematic reviews (SR) and primary studies regarding orthognathic surgery (OS) co-interventions and surgical modalities, focusing on the outcomes blood loss, infection and relapse. A comprehensive search strategy was performed to identify all SRs, randomized controlled trials and observational studies that evaluate surgical modalities and perioperative co-interventions in OS that evaluate the outcomes blood loss, infection and relapse, regardless of language or publication date. Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Epistemonikos, Lilacs, Web of Science, and CENTRAL. In addition, grey literature was screened. 27 SRs and 150 primary studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 91 from SRs, and 59 from our search strategy. Overall, the quality of the SRs was graded as ?Critically low,? and only two SRs were rated as ?High? quality. 11 PICO questions were extracted from SRs and 31 from primary studies, which focused on osteosynthesis methods, surgical cutting devices, use of antibiotics, and induced hypotension. In addition, evidence bubble maps for each outcome were created to analyze in a visual manner the existing evidence. Future primary and secondary high-quality research should be addressed focused on the eight knowledge gaps identified in this mapping review. We concluded that the evidence mapping approach is a practical methodology for organizing the current evidence and identifying knowledge gaps in OS, helping to reduce research waste and canalize future efforts in developing studies for unsolved questions

Contribution to the knowledge of continental ostracod from Chile

Our knowledge of continental ostracods in South America is still in its infancy with a total of only 260 species (MARTENS & BEHEN, 1994). Particularly in Chile, it is still scarce and scattered, with large voids in the taxonomy and distribution. In Chile, the first records were reported by DADAY (1902), BREHM (1934) and LÖFFLER (1961a, b). Later, SCHWALB & BURNS (1999) cited species of Limnocytheridae and KARANOVIC (2012) provided new records of Candonidae from Chile. The main objective of this work is to provide a checklist of ostracods in Chile with updated distributional records.Fil: Cardenas, Javiera. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Baltanas, Angel. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: Figueroa, Ricardo. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Cusminsky, Gabriela Catalina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Laprida, Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos; ArgentinaFil: Ramon Mercau, Josefina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Denisse. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Urrutia, Roberto. Universidad de Concepción; Chil

SensoGraph: Using proximity graphs for sensory analysis

Sensory evaluation of foods is as important as chemical, physical or microbiological examinations, being specially relevant in food industries. Classical methods can be long and costly, making them less suitable for certain industries like the wine industry. Some alternatives have arisen recently, including Napping®, where the tasters represent the sensory distances between products by positioning them on a tablecloth; the more similar they perceive the products, the closer they position them on the tablecloth. This method uses multiple factor analysis (MFA) to process the data collected. The present paper introduces the software SensoGraph, which makes use of proximity graphs to analyze those data. The application is described and experimental results are presented in order to compare the performances of SensoGraph and Napping®, using eight wines from the Toro region and two groups of twelve tasters with different expertise.Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciónEuropean Science FoundationJunta de Castilla y Leó

Architecture of the SOXS instrument control software

SOXS (Son Of X-Shooter) is a new spectrograph for the ESO NTT telescope, currently in the final design phase. The main instrument goal is to allow the characterization of transient sources based on alerts. It will cover from near-infrared to visible bands with a spectral resolution of $R \sim 4500$ using two separate, wavelength-optimized spectrographs. A visible camera, primarily intended for target acquisition and secondary guiding, will also provide a scientific "light" imaging mode. In this paper we present the current status of the design of the SOXS instrument control software, which is in charge of controlling all instrument functions and detectors, coordinating the execution of exposures, and implementing all observation, calibration and maintenance procedures. Given the extensive experience of the SOXS consortium in the development of instruments for the VLT, we decided to base the design of the Control System on the same standards, both for hardware and software control. We illustrate the control network, the instrument functions and detectors to be controlled, the overall design of SOXS Instrument Software (INS) and its main components. Then, we provide details about the control software for the most SOXS-specific features: control of the COTS-based imaging camera, the flexures compensation system and secondary guiding.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure

The VIMOS upgrade programme

ABSTRACT The high multiplex advantage of VIMOS, the VLT visible imager and multi-object/integral-field spectrometer, makes it a powerful instrument for large-scale spectroscopic surveys of faint sources. Following community input and recommendations by ESO's Science and Technology Committee, in 2009 it was decided to upgrade the instrument. This included installing an active flexure compensation system and replacing the detectors with CCDs that have a far better red sensitivity and less fringing. Significant changes have also been made to the hardware, maintenance and operational procedures of the instrument with the aim of improving availability and productivity. Improvements have also been made to the data reduction pipeline. The upgrade will end in 2012 and the results of the program will be presented here

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Recomendación del momento idóneo para enviar campañas de marketing directo a los clientes en una empresa bancaria chilena

Memoria para optar al título de Ingeniera Civil Industrial26 agosto de 202