Social investment in Spain: How do solidarity mutual funds decide the allocation of solidarity funding between social economy organizations?

Solidarity mutual funds (SMFs) are a financial product oriented toward funding social economy organizations (SEOs). The main characteristic of these mutual funds, known in other countries as social investment, is that part of their management fees is allocated to support SEOs. In Spain, the criteria used in the allocation process of these funds have not been studied. The aim of this paper is to analyze the decision model of SMFs. To this end, we developed a logit regression model. The obtained results show that the decision model of SMFs promotes the development of commercial activity and favors a specific ideology and values and an exclusive relationship with the main funders

Soldagem Por Atrito Com Pino Não Consumível De Aços Inoxidáveis Duplexa

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Duplex stainless steels are successful in a variety of applications such as the food industry, petrochemical and plants for desalination of seawater, where high corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength are required. However, the beneficial microstructure may be change during fusion welding steps and it can compromise the performance of these materials. Friction stir welding is a solid state process avoiding typical problems concerning solidification such as solidification cracks, liquation and segregation of alloying elements. For superduplex stainless steels can avoid unbalanced proportions of ferrite and austenite, formation of secondary deleterious phases and grain growth of ferrite in the heat affected zone. Consolidated friction stir welded joints with full penetration of 6 mm thick were obtained for UNS S32101 and S32205 duplex and S32750 and S32760 superduplex stainless steels. The friction stir welds were submitted to tensile tests indicating an improvement of strength in welded joints showing increased of yield and tensile strength for all studied cases. Regarding the microstructural characterization, an outstanding gran refinement was observed in the welded joint achieving grain sizes as small as 1 μm. This refinement was associated with the combination of microstructural restoration mechanisms in the dual phase microstructure promoted by severe deformation associated with a high temperature during the welding process. © 2016, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia. All rights reserved.2115969CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFAPESP, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Towards a population of HMXB/NS microquasars as counterparts of low-latitude unidentified EGRET sources

The discovery of the microquasar LS 5039 well within the 95% conficence contour of the Unidentified EGRET Source (UES) 3EG J1824-1514 was a major step towards the possible association between microquasars (MQs) and UESs. The recent discovery of precessing relativistic radio jets in LS I +61 303, a source associated for long time with 2CG 135+01 and with the UES 3EG J0241+6103, has given further support to this idea. Finally, the very recently proposed association between the microquasar candidate AX J1639.0-4642 and the UES 3EG J1639-4702 points towards a population of High Mass X-ray Binary (HMXB)/Neutron Star (NS) microquasars as counterparts of low-latitude unidentified EGRET sources.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures. Proceedings of the Conference "The Multiwavelength Approach to Unidentified Gamma-ray Sources", to appear in the journal Astrophysics and Space Scienc

Carotenoid-based skin ornaments reflect foraging propensity in a seabird, Sula leucogaster

Carotenoid-based ornaments are common signalling features in animals. It has long been proposed that such ornaments communicate information about foraging abilities to potential mates. However, evidence linking foraging with ornamentation is largely missing from unmanipulated, free-ranging populations. To investigate this relationship, we studied a coastal population of brown booby (Sula leucogaster brewsteri), a seabird with a carotenoid-based gular skin ornament. δ13C values from both feathers and blood plasma were negatively correlated with male gular colour, indicating birds that consumed more pelagic prey in offshore locations had more ornamented skin than those that fed on nearshore, benthic prey. This relationship was supported by our GPS tracking results, which revealed longer, more offshore foraging trips among highly ornamented males. Our data show that brown booby ornaments are honest indicators of foraging propensity; a link consistent with the rarity hypothesis and potentially driven by the concentration of carotenoids found in phytoplankton versus benthic algae. Carotenoid-based ornaments may reflect foraging tendencies in animals such as coastal predators that use food webs with distinct carotenoid profiles

Necessary Optimality Conditions for Higher-Order Infinite Horizon Variational Problems on Time Scales

We obtain Euler-Lagrange and transversality optimality conditions for higher-order infinite horizon variational problems on a time scale. The new necessary optimality conditions improve the classical results both in the continuous and discrete settings: our results seem new and interesting even in the particular cases when the time scale is the set of real numbers or the set of integers.Comment: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form will appear in Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications (JOTA). Paper submitted 17-Nov-2011; revised 24-March-2012 and 10-April-2012; accepted for publication 15-April-201

Infección cutánea por Staphylococcus lugdunensis: presentación de 16 casos

Introducción y objetivo Staphylococcus lugdunensis pertenece al grupo de los estafilococos coagulasa negativos. El objetivo del estudio es revisar las características clínicas y microbiológicas de los pacientes diagnosticados de una infección cutánea por S. lugdunensis. Material y métodos Estudio observacional retrospectivo de todos los casos de infecciones cutáneas en las que se aisló S. lugdunensis diagnosticados entre 2009 y 2016 en el Servicio de Microbiología del Hospital San Jorge de Huesca. Resultados Se incluyeron 16 pacientes. La localización más frecuente fue la zona inguinoperineal (n = 6, 37, 5%) y la forma de presentación más habitual fueron las pústulas (n = 5, 31, 3%). El 87, 6% de los pacientes (n = 14) mostraron buena respuesta al tratamiento; sin embargo, 3 pacientes recurrieron. De ellos, 2 estaban en tratamiento con un anti-TNF. Conclusión S. lugdunensis debería considerarse el posible agente causal de la infección cuando se aísla tanto en piel como en tejido celular subcutáneo, especialmente en pacientes que están recibiendo tratamiento biológico. Introduction and objective Staphylococcus lugdunensis belongs to the group of coagulase-negative staphylococci. The aim of this report was to review the clinical and microbiologic features of cases of S. lugdunensis skin infections. Material and methods Observational study of all cases of skin infections in which S. lugdunensis was isolated by the microbiology department of Hospital General San Jorge in Huesca, Spain, between 2009 and 2016. Results We studied the cases of 16 patients. The most frequent site of infection was the inguinal-perineal region (n = 6, 37.5%), and pustules were the most common presentation (n = 5, 31.3%). Response to treatment was good in 87.6% of the patients (n = 14). However, infection recurred in 3 patients, 2 of whom were on anti-TNF therapy. Conclusions S. lugdunensis should be considered a possible cause of infection when it is isolated in both skin and subcutaneous tissues, especially in patients on biologic therapies

Multidimensional emotional disorders inventory: Reliability and validity in a Spanish clinical sample

Background. The categorical approach to diagnosing mental disorders has been criticized for a number of reasons (e.g., high rates of comorbidity; larger number of diagnostic categories and combination). Diverse alternatives have been proposed using a hybrid or totally dimensional perspective. Despite the evidence supporting use of the Multidimensional Emotional Disorders Inventory (MEDI) for assessing the transdiagnostic dimensions of Emotional Disorders using a dimensional-categorical hybrid approach, no data exist on Spanish clinical samples. The present study explores the validity and reliability of the 49-item MEDI in a clinical sample and provides data for its use. Methods. A total of 280 outpatients with emotional disorders attended in different Spanish public Mental Health Units in Spain filled out all questionnaires during the assessment phase and the MEDI again one week after. The instruments used evaluate four main constructs: personality, mood, anxiety and avoidance. Results. The nine original factors were confirmed and showed adequate reliability (α: 0.66–0.91) and stability (r = 0.76–0.87). No differences in mean scores by sex were presented in any subscale (p ≥ .07). The MEDI subscales correlated significantly with the scales of each of the selected constructs (0.45 < r < 0.76). Limitations. The main limitations of this study were the limited sample size and not being able to count on MEDI scores post-transdiagnostic intervention. Conclusions. The MEDI demonstrates adequate reliability and validity. It allows to assess diverse symptoms efficiently, thus being of interest for clinical studies and practice

Vortices, Infrared effects and Lorentz Invariance Violation

The Yang-Mills theory with noncommutative fields is constructed following Hamiltonian and lagrangean methods. This modification of the standard Yang-Mills theory shed light on the confinement mechanism viewed as a Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) effect. The modified Yang-Mills theory contain in addition to the standard contribution, the term $\theta^\mu \epsilon_{\mu \nu \rho \lambda} (A^\nu F^{\rho \lambda} + {2/3} A_\nu A_\rho A_\lambda)$ where $\theta_\mu$ is a given space-like constant vector with canonical dimension of energy. The $A_\mu$ field rescaling and the choice $\theta_\mu=(0,0,0,\theta)$, one can show that the modified Yang-Mills theory in 3+1 dimensions can be made equivalent to a Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory in 2+1 dimensions if one consider only heavy fermionic excitations. Thus, the Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory in 2+1 dimensions is a codified way of ${QCD}$ that include only heavy quarks. The classical solutions of the modified Yang-Mills theory for the SU(2) gauge group are confining ones.Comment: Title changed and comments added. To appear in PL

Self-assembled hyaluronan nanocapsules for the intracellular delivery of anticancer drugs

Preparation of sophisticated delivery systems for nanomedicine applications generally involve multi-step procedures using organic solvents. In this study, we have developed a simple self-assembling process to prepare docetaxel-loaded hyaluronic acid (HA) nanocapsules by using a self-emulsification process without the need of organic solvents, heat or high shear forces. These nanocapsules, which comprise an oily core and a shell consisting of an assembly of surfactants and hydrophobically modified HA, have a mean size of 130 nm, a zeta potential of −20 mV, and exhibit high docetaxel encapsulation efficiency. The nanocapsules exhibited an adequate stability in plasma. Furthermore, in vitro studies performed using A549 lung cancer cells, showed effective intracellular delivery of docetaxel. On the other hand, blank nanocapsules showed very low cytotoxicity. Overall, these results highlight the potential of self-emulsifying HA nanocapsules for intracellular drug delivery