The Lectin-like Receptor KLRE1 Inhibits Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity

We report the cloning and functional characterization in the mouse and the rat of a novel natural killer (NK) cell receptor termed KLRE1. The receptor is a type II transmembrane protein with a COOH-terminal lectin-like domain, and constitutes a novel KLR family. Rat Klre1 was mapped to the NK gene complex. By Northern blot and flow cytometry using newly generated monoclonal antibodies, KLRE1 was shown to be expressed by NK cells and a subpopulation of CD3+ cells, with pronounced interstrain variation. Western blot analysis indicated that KLRE1 can be expressed on the NK cell surface as a disulphide-linked dimer. The predicted proteins do not contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) or a positively charged amino acid in the transmembrane domain. However, in a redirected lysis assay, the presence of whole IgG, but not of F(ab′)2 fragments of a monoclonal anti-KLRE1 antibody inhibited lysis of Fc-receptor bearing tumor target cells. Moreover, the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 was coimmunoprecipitated with KLRE1 from pervanadate-treated interleukin 2–activated NK cells. Together, our results indicate that KLRE1 may form a functional heterodimer with an as yet unidentified ITIM-bearing partner that recruits SHP-1 to generate an inhibitory receptor complex

Changes in water temperature and oxygen: the effect of triploidy on performance and metabolism in large farmed Atlantic salmon

In salmon farming, the use of sterile triploids (3N) can mitigate the problem of escapees interbreeding with wild salmon. However, triploid salmon appear less tolerant to high water temperatures and low oxygen levels compared to diploids (2N). To investigate how the thermal performance and physiology of large (2.5 kg) triploid Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. differs from those of diploids, both ploidies were subjected to water temperatures between 3 and 18°C. The fish were exposed to reduced oxygen saturations (O2 sat, 70%), termed hypoxia, at 6 and 18°C. Triploids fed more than diploids between 3 and 9°C and at similar levels at 12°C. At 15°C, the feed intake significantly dropped in both ploidies, although more in triploids. During hypoxia, feed intake was higher in triploids at 6°C and equal to diploids at 18°C. The overall feed conversion ratio was similar between ploidies. Muscle energy phosphates were generally lower in triploids than diploids, while muscle glucose, blood haemoglobin and haematocrit were lower in triploids than diploids at ≥12°C. Plasma lactate levels tended to be higher in triploids and increased with increasing temperature and at hypoxia in both ploidies. Plasma cortisol increased in both ploidies at high temperatures and was highest in triploids under hypoxic conditions at 18°C. Triploids had a higher cataract score at the start of the experiment and developed more cataracts throughout the experiment. The present findings show that large triploid Atlantic salmon perform better at colder water temperatures compared to diploids and differ in parts of their physiological expression at increasing and high temperature.publishedVersio

Tiger Daily: April 22, 2020

ANNOUNCEMENTS ZOOM Alert! COVID-19 Updates TILT Tip: Work with Your Library Liaison to Help Your Students! Calendar: Upcoming Professional Development Opportunities Tiger Food Pantry Academic Advising Training CANCELLED; Webinars Will Continue As Scheduled Accession Communicator Student Emergency Assistance Fund Together, Hays – FREE Mental/Physical Health Zoom Series TILT Resources, Tips, and Support Call for Nominations for the John Heinrichs Outstanding Undergraduate Research Mentor Award Adopt A Grandparent Online Resources for Those Struggling With Addictions Attention University Support Staff and Unclassified Professional Staff Zoom, Teams, Outlook, Accession, and CommPortal Training Opportunities 15th Annual John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activities Day (SACAD)! EVENTS THIS WEEK/WEEKEND Earth Day – TODAY Earth Day – TODAY; 1:30pm to 3:30pm Lunch ‘N’ Learn – Cybersecurity Awareness: Protecting Data Regardless of Where You Are Working From – TOMORROW; 11:30am to 12:30pm FUTURE EVENTS Leveraging Strengths in Times of Crisis – April 28; 9:00am to 9:30am Virtual Times Talk: Dr. Anthony Fauci and How to Survive a Plague – April 28; 12:30pm to 1:30pm Denim Day – April 29 Time Management: Working from Home – April 30; 9:00am to 9:30am Coping & In Control: Caring for Yourself and Others – April 30; 11:30am to 12:30pm Where to Volunteer? – April 30; 2:00pm to 3:00pm Introduction to Pivot Tables – May 6; 9:00am to 9:30am World Red Cross Day – May 8; 1:30pm to 3:30pm Gain Control of Your Workday: Managing Self, Priorities, and Time – May 13; 9:00am to 12:00pm SHARE WITH STUDENTS New Fall 2020 Course: Write with Confidence! Complete Count 2020 Student Engagement Office Hours New Class Offers FHSU Students Opportunity to Try Out the Military Experience Recipe for Success: Art 36

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