Dois Irmãos, De Milton Hatoum: Aspectos Da Transposição Multimodal Para Hq

This Study Aims To Analyze The Transposition Of The Textual Language Of Milton Hatoum's Novel Two Brothers (2006) To The Multimodal Language Of Comics In The Homonymous Graphic Novel (2015) By Fábio Moon And Gabriel Bá. The Plot Is Built On The Troubled Relationship Between The Twins Yaqub And Omar, Their Relationships With Their Family And The Daily Life In Manaus, Where They Live. The Analysis Presented Here Is Centered On The Character Of Nael, The First-Person Narrator, Whose Speech Is Composed Indirectly By The Voices Of Other Characters. The Insertion Of The Narrator And His Progressive Unveiling Is Also Discussed In This Analysis. Therefore, The Construction Of The Narrator In Both Hatoum's And Moon And Ba's Narratives Were Investigated. Finally, The Procedures Used In The Adaptation Of Verbal Language To The Multimodal Were Analyzed In Order To Understand The Effect Caused By This Adaptation Mechanism. This Study Is Situated In The Field Of Linguistics Studies, But Has An Intersection With The LiterarEsta Dissertação Tem Como Objetivo Analisar A Transposição Da Linguagem Textual Do Romance Dois Irmãos (2006), De Milton Hatoum, Para A Linguagem Multimodal Da Hq (História Em Quadrinhos), Em Obra Homônima (2015) De Fábio Moon E Gabriel Bá. O Enredo Trata Do Relacionamento Conturbado Entre Os Gêmeos Yaqub E Omar, Suas Relações Com A Família E O Cotidiano Em Manaus, Onde Vivem. A Análise Ora Apresentada Está Centrada No Personagem Nael, Narrador Em Primeira Pessoa, Cujo Discurso É Composto Indiretamente Pelas Vozes De Outros Personagens. Também É Discutida, Nessa Análise, A Forma De Inserção Do Narrador E Seu Progressivo Desvelamento. A Dissertação Investiga, Assim, Em Um Primeiro Momento, A Construção Do Narrador Na Narrativa De Hatoum E Na Hq Dos Irmãos Moon E Bá Para, Em Seguida, Analisar Os Processos Utilizados Na Adaptação Da Linguagem Verbal Para A Visual Multimodal, Buscando Entender O Efeito Causado Pela Transposição. Esta Dissertação Se Situa No Campo Dos Estudos Linguísticos, Mas Faz Interseção Com ODados abertos - Sucupira - Teses e dissertações (2018

Oligo targeting for profiling drug resistance mutations in the parasitic trypanosomatids

Trypanosomatids cause the neglected tropical diseases, sleeping sickness, Chagas disease and the leishmaniases. Studies on these lethal parasites would be further facilitated by new and improved genetic technologies. Scalable precision editing methods, for example, could be used to improve our understanding of potential mutations associated with drug resistance, a current priority given that several new anti-trypanosomal drugs, with known targets, are currently in clinical development. We report the development of a simple oligo targeting method for rapid and precise editing of priority drug targets in otherwise wild type trypanosomatids. In Trypanosoma brucei, approx. 50-b single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides were optimal, multiple base edits could be incorporated, and editing efficiency was substantially increased when mismatch repair was suppressed. Resistance-associated edits were introduced in T. brucei cyclin dependent kinase 12 (CRK12, L(482)F) or cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 3 (N(232)H), in the Trypanosoma cruzi proteasome β5 subunit (G(208)S), or in Leishmania donovani CRK12 (G(572)D). We further implemented oligo targeting for site saturation mutagenesis, targeting codon G(492) in T. brucei CRK12. This approach, combined with amplicon sequencing for codon variant scoring, revealed fourteen resistance conferring G(492) edits encoding six distinct amino acids. The outputs confirm on-target drug activity, reveal a variety of resistance-associated mutations, and facilitate rapid assessment of potential impacts on drug efficacy

Intrusion and extrusion of liquids in highly confining media: bridging fundamental research to applications

Wetting and drying of pores or cavities, made by walls that attract or repel the liquid, is a ubiquitous process in nature and has many technological applications including, for example, liquid separation, chromatography, energy damping, conversion, and storage. Understanding under which conditions intrusion/extrusion takes place and how to control/tune them by chemical or physical means are currently among the main questions in the field. Historically, the theory to model intrusion/extrusion was based on the mechanics of fluids. However, the discovery of the existence of metastable states, where systems are kinetically trapped in the intruded or extruded configuration, fostered the research based on modern statistical mechanics concepts and more accurate models of the liquid, vapor, and gas phases beyond the simplest sharp interface representation. In parallel, inspired by the growing number of technological applications of intrusion/extrusion, experimental research blossomed considering systems with complex chemistry and pore topology, possessing flexible frameworks, and presenting unusual properties, such as negative volumetric compressibility. In this article, we review recent theoretical and experimental progresses, presenting it in the context of unifying framework. We illustrate also emerging technological applications of intrusion/extrusion and discuss challenges ahead

Baseline genetic distinctiveness supports structured populations of thornback ray in the Mediterranean Sea

The thornback ray (Raja clavata) is the most important chondrichthyan in terms of landings in the Mediterranean Sea. Intense harvesting may induce negative genetic effects reducing the resilience of overfished species. For this reason, genetic diversity information should be considered in fisheries management and conservation policies. Microsatellite markers were used to unravel the genetic features (variability, connectivity, sex-biased dispersal) of R. clavata populations, both at the small (around the coast of Sardinia, western Mediterranean Sea) and larger spatial scales (at the pan-Mediterranean level, and between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea). Individual clustering, multivariate and variance analyses rejected the hypothesis of genetic homogeneity, with significant genetic differences between Mediterranean and Atlantic rays, as well as within the Mediterranean Sea between its western and eastern basins. The data indicated that both the Strait of Gibraltar and the Sicilian Channel seem to be effective in limiting the dispersal of thornback ray individuals, but a further structuring was identified, with the significant genetic differentiation of the populations located in the Algero-Provençal and Tyrrhenian basins. Such a fine-scale arrangement suggests the occurrence of additional barriers to species dispersal. A lack of significant genetic differentiation, stable over the years, was measured at a local scale among R. clavata Sardinian samples. Several possible mechanisms, both biological and abiotic (e.g. migratory behaviour, waterfronts and oceanographic discontinuities), are discussed. Overall, the genetic data presented, both at the local and regional level, could represent the baseline information for the temporal monitoring of populations and assessing the effects of present or future fisheries-related management actions. The data obtained are information of paramount importance for minimizing the gaps in our current knowledge of the genetic diversity of thornback rays and maximizing the information needed for the correct protection of R. clavata populations

Commercial sharks under scrutiny: baseline genetic distinctiveness supports structured populations of small-spotted catsharks in the Mediterranean Sea

The present study, based on microsatellite markers, describes a population genetic analysis of the small-spotted catshark Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758), representing one of the most abundant and commonly caught cartilaginous fishes in the Mediterranean Sea and adjacent areas. The analyses were performed to unravel the genetic features (variability, connectivity, sex-biased dispersal) of their relative geographic populations, both at the small (around the coast of Sardinia, Western Mediterranean Sea) and at a larger spatial scale (pan-Mediterranean level and between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea). Individual clustering, multivariate and variance analyses rejected the hypothesis of genetic homogeneity, with significant genetic differences between the Mediterranean and Atlantic, as well as within the Mediterranean area between the Western and Eastern basins. In details, our results seem to confirm that the Strait of Gibraltar could not represent a complete barrier to the exchange of individuals of small-spotted catshark between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. In the latter area, a complex genetic structuring for S. canicula was found. Apart from differences among the Western, Eastern and Adriatic sites, within the Western basin the small-spotted catsharks around Sardinian waters are strongly differentiated from all others (both from the eastern Tyrrhenian Sea and southernmost part of the Algerian basin) and are demographically stable. Several possible mechanisms, both biological and abiotic (e.g., migratory behavior, water fronts and oceanographic discontinuities), are discussed here to explain their peculiar characteristics. Overall, the genetic data presented, both at the local and regional level, could represent a baseline information, useful for the temporal monitoring of populations, and to assess the effects of present or future fishing/management/conservation measures

First evidence of population genetic structure of the deep-water blackmouth catshark Galeus melastomus Rafinesque, 1810

Genetic connectivity at large spatial scales. Given the lack of species-specific nuclear markers, a total of 129 microsatellite loci (Simple Sequence Repeats, SSRs) were cross-amplified on blackmouth catshark specimens collected in eight geographically distant areas in the Mediterranean Sea and North-eastern Atlantic Ocean. A total of 13 SSRs were finally selected for genotyping, based on which the species exhibited signs of weak, but tangible genetic structure. The clearcut evidence of genetic differentiation of G. melastomus from Scottish waters from the rest of the population samples was defined, indicating that the species is genetically structured in the Mediterranean Sea and adjacent Southern North-eastern Atlantic. Both individual and frequency-based analyses identified a genetic unit formed by the individuals collected in the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Strait of Sicily, distinguished from the rest of the Mediterranean and Portuguese samples. In addition, Bayesian analyses resolved a certain degree of separation of the easternmost Aegean sample and the admixed nature of the other Mediterranean and the Portuguese samples. Here, our results supported the hypothesis that the interaction between the ecology and biology of the species and abiotic drivers such as water circulations, temperature and bathymetry may affect the dispersion of G. melastomus, adding new information to the current knowledge of the connectivity of this deep-water species and providing powerful tools for estimating its response to anthropogenic impacts

Puzzling over spurdogs : molecular taxonomy assessment of the Squalus species in the Strait of Sicily

The actual occurrence of Squalus megalops in the Mediterranean Sea has recently been questioned. Several research works which sought to assess available morphological and meristic features that differentiate S. megalops from other Squalus species in the Mediterranean Sea, revealed poor discriminatory power and high variability of the assessed characters, especially when comparing S. megalops and S. blainville. The application of molecular tools does not support the presence of S. megalops. In the present study, we screened spurdog species from the Strait of Sicily using a molecular taxonomy approach based on two mitochondrial DNA markers and we report the occurrence of two Squalus lineages characterizing specimens collected from the stretch of sea between Tunisia, southern Sicily, Malta and Libya. The results support the hypothesis that a common species, S. blainville, currently inhabits the Mediterranean Sea, while a second and rare species is probably an occasional visitor with high morphological similarity to the S. megalops and S. blainville but is genetically distinct from both. Within this perspective, the occurrence of S. megalops in the Mediterranean Sea is not confirmed and our study highlights the taxonomic uncertainties in relation to the occurrence and distribution of Squalus species in this region. We encourage the establishment of a coordinated international effort to implement a comprehensive and integrated taxonomic assessment on this genus which represents an irreplaceable component of the biodiversity of the area.peer-reviewe

Study of Inclusive J/psi Production in Two-Photon Collisions at LEP II with the DELPHI Detector

Inclusive J/psi production in photon-photon collisions has been observed at LEP II beam energies. A clear signal from the reaction gamma gamma -> J/psi+X is seen. The number of observed N(J/psi -> mu+mu-) events is 36 +/- 7 for an integrated luminosity of 617 pb^{-1}, yielding a cross-section of sigma(J/psi+X) = 45 +/- 9 (stat) +/- 17 (syst) pb. Based on a study of the event shapes of different types of gamma gamma processes in the PYTHIA program, we conclude that (74 +/- 22)% of the observed J/psi events are due to `resolved' photons, the dominant contribution of which is most probably due to the gluon content of the photon.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, Accepted by Phys. Lett.

b-tagging in DELPHI at LEP

Abstract: The standard method used for tagging b-hadrons in the DELPHI experiment at the CERN LEP Collider is discussed in detail. The main ingredient of b-tagging is the impact parameters of tracks, which relies mostly on the vertex detector. Additional information, such as the mass of particles associated to a secondary vertex, significantly improves the selection efficiency and the background suppression. The paper describes various discriminating variables used for the tagging and the procedure of their combination. In addition, applications of b-tagging to some physics analyses, which depend crucially on the performance and reliability of b-tagging, are described briefly