Study of the Value of Soft Power of the Traditional Confucian Moral Sentiments

Western philosophy is basically holding the dichotomy of reason and emotional attitude. Rational ability than emotional, it has an innate superiority for inductive, which is originated in the way of Plato’s classic thinking. But in comparison with the rational, the perceptual is often considered as blind, spontaneous, and difficult to control and dominate. In the tradition of Western philosophy, the relationship between the emotional and rational has been unequal; the sensibility is always at a disadvantage position, even once reduced to the ability to collect empirical material. Then, is perceptual has rich content itself. What is the relationship between the emotional and moral? This problem has not meant a good answer.The crux of the problem is that the real person is a whole life. This whole life is required to cross-examine the meaning and value of life. The meaning and value of life are closely connected with emotion. Chinese traditional Confucianism especially places great importance on the emotional problems. This attention to the emotional issues of concern for man as man, that is to say, for the meaning and value of life, traditional Confucianism focus on the value and dignity of the person

Single molecular magnets as a source of continuous-variable entanglement

We study the generation and evolution of continuous-variable entanglement in a single-molecular-magnets (SMM) system, where the quantum coherence effect is induced by two classical electromagnetic fields (pump and control fields). Our numerical results show that the entanglement of cavity fields can be controlled efficiently by tuning the intensity and frequency detuning of control field, and the macroscopic entangled light with long entanglement time can be realized in this SMM system, over a wide range of initial states of the cavity field. This investigation can be used for achieving the macroscopic entangled light in a solid-state medium, which is much more practical than that in an atomic or molecular medium because of its flexible design

Two new species of Cymodusa Holmgren (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) with a key to species known from China and Oriental region

Two new species of genus Cymodusa Holmgren, 1859, C. culaiica Sheng, Li & Sun, sp.nov. collected from Culaishan Natural Reserve, Shandong province and C. melana Sheng, Li & Sun, sp.nov. collected from Guiyang and Fanjingshan National Natural Reserve, Guizhou province, are described and illustrated. A taxonomic key to the species of Cymodusa from China and the Oriental region is provided

Silica nanoparticles induce autophagy and autophagic cell death in HepG2 cells triggered by reactive oxygen species

Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are becoming favorable carriers for drug delivery or gene therapy, and in turn, the toxic effect of SNPs on biological systems is gaining attention. Currently, autophagy is recognized as an emerging toxicity mechanism triggered by nanomaterials, yet there have been scarcely research about the mechanisms of autophagy and autophagic cell death associated with SNPs. In this study, we verified the activation of SNPs-induced autophagy via the MDC-staining and LC3-I/LC3-II conversion, resulted in a dose-dependent manner. The typically morphological characteristics (autophagosomes and autolysosomes) of the autophagy process were observed in TEM ultrastructural analysis. In addition, the autophagic cell death was evaluated by cellular co-staining assay. And the underlying mechanisms of autophagy and autophagic cell death were performed using the intracellular ROS detection, autophagy inhibitor and ROS scavenger. Results showed that the elevated ROS level was in line with the increasing of autophagy activation, while both the 3-MA and NAC inhibitors effectively suppressed the autophagy and cell death induced by SNPs. In summary, our findings demonstrated that the SNPs-induced autophagy and autophagic cell death were triggered by the ROS generation in HepG2 cells, suggesting that exposure to SNPs could be a potential hazardous factor for maintaining cellular homeostasis. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Rugose corals at the Tournaisian-Viséan transition in the Central Taurides (S Turkey) - Palaeobiogeography and Palaeoceanography of the Gondwana margin

This paper gives the first taxonomic description of the Upper Tournaisian-Lower Viséan rugose coral fauna of the Yaricak Formation (Aladag Unit, Central Taurides, South Turkey). Fifteen species belonging to twelve genera were identified, one species is newly described: Eokoninckocarinia gemmina. The corals are stratigraphically distributed in four assemblages. The two typical assemblages of the Upper Tournaisian are composed of widely distributed taxa (Uralinia, Caninia, Proheterelasma, Zaphrentites). The assemblage crossing the Tournaisian-Viséan boundary is characterized by Eurasian and cosmopolitan and widely distributed taxa (Calmiussiphyllum, Siphonophyllia, Bifossularia Amygdalophyllum, Caninophyllum, Keyserlingophyllum) and Asian taxa (Kueichouphyllum). The youngest assemblage, dominated by Eokoninckocarinia gemmina sp. nov., has yielded foraminifers Moliniacian (Lower Viséan) in age. These assemblages form a low diversity level-bottom community which is typical of the South Palaeotethys 'Kueichouphyllum Zone' extending along the Asian margin of Gondwana (Cimmerian Terrane) during Lower Carboniferous times. As in the other Cimmerian blocks, all the corals are solitary and colonial taxa are virtually absent. This absence is tentatively explained by the high palaeolatitude (c. 50°S) position of the Cimmerian Terrane in the southern part of the Palaeotethys Ocean for this time slice. A cold-water palaeo-current running eastward along the Gondwana margin might also be considered as it possibly could explain the wide distribution of the Kueichouphyllum fauna, restricted east of Africa in the southern coast of the Palaeotethys. Palaeoceanography, palaeoclimate and facies issues are discussed as possible causes of the diversity gradient observed between the eastern (Australia, Malaya) and the western (North Africa) margin of the Gondwana

Earliest Mississippian rugose corals of eastern Australia: post-disaster fauna across the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary?

The most earliest Mississippian rugose corals are post-disaster taxa occurring in a biosphere strongly modified by the crises associated with the Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary. In Western Europe, basal Tournaisian rugose corals belong to the genera Conilophyllum, Hebukophyllum and Kizilia. Conilophyllum and Hebukophyllum are either homeomorphs or close relatives of each other and are likely post-disaster fauna showing wide morphological plasticity but with an unknown origin. Kizilia is a Lazzarus taxon, known also from basal Tournaisian strata of China, that suddenly reappeared at the Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary being related to the mid-Devonian stringophyllids. The deeper basinal facies of Western Europe (Montagne Noire, Rhenish Mts, Thuringia, Upper Franconia) yield mostly small non-dissepimented solitary rugose corals, together with some dissempimented ones, amongst which are mostly long-ranging taxa. In N America, Vesiculophyllum, a genus very similar, and probably related, to Kizilia occurs together with non-dissepimented long-ranging corals. Like most of the basal Tournaisian dissepimented rugose corals, Cystodactylon orbum gen. et sp. nov. and Gudmania darumbalae gen. et sp. nov. from the basal Tournaisian of eastern Australia are interpreted as post-disaster fauna. Their origin is not understood to date and they seemingly left no descent in the Carboniferous. Their stratigraphic range is extremely limited as they so far are known only in small reefs at the base of the lower Tournaisian Gudman Formation in the type area