Sistematização da assistência de enfermagem na atenção aos usuários do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial álcool e drogas (Caps ad) de Anchieta/ES

TCC(especialização) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem. Linhas de Cuidado em Doenças Crônicas Não TransmissíveisFormas de atenção mais amplas de atendimento a pess oas que fazem uso de álcool e outras drogas vêm sendo propostas pelo Ministério da Saúde e tem sido um desafio para os profissionais que compõe a equipe multidisciplinar das instituições destinadas a esse atendimento. Nesse contexto, a equipe de enfermagem , devido a muitas vezes estarem envolvidos com a rotina do fazer, reserva pouco esp aço para a reflexão e sistematização de suas ações. Diante disso, este trabalho traz como o bjetivos: construir um instrumento norteador para uma atenção de enfermagem integral a o usuário do CAPS ad de Anchieta; criar e propor um roteiro para orientar o histórico da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE) no CAPS ad de Anchieta e reafirmar a importância da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem como ferramenta direciona dora na construção do processo de enfermagem no CAPS ad. O roteiro foi adaptado a par tir do instrumento elaborado por TOLEDO (2004) para atender as necessidades e demand as do CAPS ad/Anchieta e tem como base os Padrões de Reações Humanas da North America n Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), sendo eles: trocar, comunicar, relacionar, escolher, mover perceber, conhecer, sentir e valorizar

Plant growth regulators for reducing pre-harvest fruit abscission in rainfed avocados

  Severe fruit drop events occurring after flowering and during early summer strongly limit rainfed avocado (Persea americana Mill.) production. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of late-spring and early-summer sprayings of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and monopotassium phosphite (PF), KH2PO3, on fruit abscission, yield and quality of non-irrigated ‘Quintal’ and ‘Margarida’ avocado trees. The following treatments were applied over two growing seasons: water; 25 mg L-1 of (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid (2,4-D); and 45 mg L-1 of (E)-L-2-[2-(2-aminoethoxy)vinyl] glycine hydrochloride (AVG), separately applied as a single spraying in November; and three PF-sprayings, bi-weekly applied from mid-December to mid-January. The treatments did not affect fruit yield or quality of ‘Quintal’ avocados. Nevertheless, the PF sprayings significantly increased cumulative fruit yield of ‘Margarida’ trees (944 Kg tree¹, P = 0.0028). In both cultivars, the mean pre-harvest fruit drop in the studied biennium was not affected by the treatments, although AVG significantly reduced abscission of ‘Quintal’ avocados only in 2015 (3.88 fruits m-2, P = 0.0121), under non-stressful environmental conditions during fruit growth. In this cultivar, a single spraying, either with AVG or 2,4-D, significantly reduced fruit size and modified fruit shape. In the ‘Margarida’ cultivar, those treatments did not affect fruit shape, but a single 2,4-D spraying significantly increased diameter and length, by 2.7% and 1.9%, respectively. Large variability of the responses to the treatments among cultivars confirms that fruit abscission is a complex process regulated by several factors and demanding a multidisciplinary approach to develop efficient methods for its chemical manipulation

Influence of gibberellin inhibitors applied during flowering of nonirrigated 'Hass' avocado trees

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes inibidores da biossíntese de giberelinas no crescimento dos brotos acima da panícula, bem como na produção, no tamanho e no formato de frutos de abacateiro (Persea americana) 'Hass' não irrigado. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos, quatro repetições e 40 árvores. De 2013 a 2015, foram aplicados os seguintes tratamentos, no florescimento, via pulverização foliar: água (testemunha), 250 mg L-1 de prohexadione-cálcio, 2.500 mg L-1 de trinexapaque-etílico, 1.750 mg L-1 de paclobutrazol e 350 mg L-1 de uniconazole; os dois primeiros são acilciclohexanodionas e os dois segundos triazóis. A produção de frutos, a eficiência produtiva e a alternância produtiva não foram afetadas pela aplicação dos fitorreguladores. Entretanto, os inibidores de giberelinas proporcionaram frutos de maior tamanho e modificaram o formato de abacates 'Hass' não irrigados. O uniconazole reduz o crescimento dos brotos acima da panícula, e esse efeito pode variar de acordo com as condições ambientais, especialmente com a disponibilidade de água.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitors on shoot growth above the panicle, as well as on fruit yield, size, and shape of nonirrigated 'Hass' avocado (Persea americana) trees. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, with five treatments, four replicates, and 40 trees. From 2013 to 2015, the following treatments were applied at full bloom, as foliar sprayings: water (control), 250 mg L-1 prohexadione-calcium, 2,500 mg L-1 trinexapac-ethyl, 1,750 mg L-1 paclobutrazol, and 350 mg L-1 uniconazole; the first two are acylcyclohexanediones and the last two, triazoles. Fruit yield, yield efficiency, and alternate bearing were not affected by the application of plant growth regulators. However, the gibberellin inhibitors increased fruit size and modified the fruit shape of nonirrigated 'Hass' avocado. Uniconazole reduces shoot growth above the panicle, and this effect may vary depending on environmental conditions, especially water supply

Estado hídrico e produtividade de abacateiros 'Hass' em resposta à irrigação suplementar invernal

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of supplemental irrigation, during winter dry season, on the water status and productivity of 'Hass' avocado (Persea americana) trees. The experiment was carried out on a clayey Oxisol from 2014 to 2016, when extreme climatic events were recorded in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The rainfed regime was compared with two irrigation regimes, applied during the whole and half of the irrigation run time defined by the grower, corresponding to 5,091 and 2,545 m3 h-1 water, respectively. The following variables were evaluated: soil water tension; leaf water potential, color, and chlorophyll content; leaf and fruit abscission rates; tree size; and fruit size and yield. Supplemental irrigation applied during half of the run time increased fruit yield by 18.2%. However, irrigation applied during a fixed-time period and the occurrence of unusual rainfall spells caused soil water logging, negatively affecting tree growth and water status.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da irrigação suplementar, durante a estação seca de inverno, no status hídrico e na produtividade de abacateiros 'Hass' (Persea americana). O experimento foi realizado em Latossolo argiloso de 2014 a 2016, quando eventos climáticos extremos foram registrados no Estado de São Paulo. O cultivo em sequeiro foi comparado com dois regimes de irrigação suplementar, aplicados durante o total e a metade do tempo de irrigação definido pelo produtor, o que equivaleu a 5.091 e 2.545 m3  h-1 de água, respectivamente. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: tensão de água no solo; potencial hídrico, coloração e teor de clorofila foliares; taxa de abscisão de folhas e frutos; tamanho das plantas; e tamanho e produção de frutos. A irrigação suplementar aplicada em metade do tempo de irrigação aumentou em 18,2% a produção de frutos. No entanto, a aplicação de irrigação de duração fixa e a ocorrência de chuvas atípicas durante a estiagem invernal favoreceram o encharcamento prolongado do solo, com efeitos negativos sobre o crescimento e o estado hídrico das árvores

Analysis of the immunological biomarker profile during acute zika virus infection reveals the overexpression of CXCL10, a chemokine linked to neuronal damage

BACKGROUND Infection with Zika virus (ZIKV) manifests in a broad spectrum of disease ranging from mild illness to severe neurological complications and little is known about Zika immunopathogenesis. OBJECTIVES To define the immunologic biomarkers that correlate with acute ZIKV infection. METHODS We characterized the levels of circulating cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in 54 infected patients of both genders at five different time points after symptom onset using microbeads multiplex immunoassay; comparison to 100 age-matched controls was performed for statistical analysis and data mining. FINDINGS ZIKV-infected patients present a striking systemic inflammatory response with high levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. Despite the strong inflammatory pattern, IL-1Ra and IL-4 are also induced during the acute infection. Interestingly, the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-13, IL-17, TNF-α, and IFN-γ; chemokines CXCL8, CCL2, CCL5; and the growth factor G-CSF, displayed a bimodal distribution accompanying viremia. While this is the first manuscript to document bimodal distributions of viremia in ZIKV infection, this has been documented in other viral infections, with a primary viremia peak during mild systemic disease and a secondary peak associated with distribution of the virus to organs and tissues. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Biomarker network analysis demonstrated distinct dynamics in concurrence with the bimodal viremia profiles at different time points during ZIKV infection. Such a robust cytokine and chemokine response has been associated with blood-brain barrier permeability and neuroinvasiveness in other flaviviral infections. High-dimensional data analysis further identified CXCL10, a chemokine involved in foetal neuron apoptosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome, as the most promising biomarker of acute ZIKV infection for potential clinical application. © 2018, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz. All rights reserved

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Discutindo a educação ambiental no cotidiano escolar: desenvolvimento de projetos na escola formação inicial e continuada de professores

A presente pesquisa buscou discutir como a Educação Ambiental (EA) vem sendo trabalhada, no Ensino Fundamental e como os docentes desta escola compreendem e vem inserindo a EA no cotidiano escolar., em uma escola estadual do município de Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevistas com os professores que fazem parte de um projeto interdisciplinar de EA na escola pesquisada. Verificou-se que o projeto da escola não vem conseguindo alcançar os objetivos propostos por: desconhecimento do mesmo, pelos professores; formação deficiente dos professores, não entendimento da EA como processo de ensino-aprendizagem, falta de recursos didáticos, planejamento inadequado das atividades. A partir dessa constatação, procurou-se debater a impossibilidade de tratar do tema fora do trabalho interdisciplinar, bem como, e principalmente, a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado de EA, vinculando teoria e prática, tanto na formação docente, como em projetos escolares, a fim de fugir do tradicional vínculo “EA e ecologia, lixo e horta”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació