Correlation Functions in Two-Dimensional Dilaton Gravity

The Liouville approach is applied to the quantum treatment of the dilaton gravity in two dimensions. The physical states are obtained from the BRST cohomology and correlation functions are computed up to three-point functions. For the $N=0$ case (i.e., without matter), the cosmological term operator is found to have the discrete momentum that plays a special role in the $c=1$ Liouville gravity. The correlation functions for arbitrary numbers of operators are found in the $N=0$ case, and are nonvanishing only for specific ``chirality'' configurations.Comment: 14 pages, TIT/HEP-204, STUPP-92-13

The Non-Split Scalar Coset in Supergravity Theories

The general non-split scalar coset of supergravity theories is discussed.The symmetric space sigma model is studied in two equivalent formulations and for different coset parametrizations.The dualisation and the local first order formulation is performed for the non-split scalar coset G/K when the rigid symmetry group G is a real form of a non-compact semisimple Lie group (not necessarily split) and the local symmetry group K is G's maximal compact subgroup.A comparison with the scalar cosets arising in the T^{10-D}-compactification of the heterotic string theory in ten dimensions is also mentioned.Comment: 26 page

Scalar-Induced Compactifications in Higher Dimensional Supergravities

We discuss compactifications of higher dimensional supergravities which are induced by scalars. In particular, we consider vector multiplets coupled to the supergravity multiplet in the case of D=9, 8 and D=7 minimal supergravities. These vector multiplets contain scalars, which parametrize coset spaces of the general form SO(10-D,n)/SO(10-D)xSO(n), where n is the number of vector multiplets. We discuss the compactification of the supergravity theory to D-2 dimensons, which is induced by non-trivial vacuum scalar field configurations. There are singular and non-singular solutions, which preserve half of the supersymmetries.Comment: 25 pages, JHEP

Preconditioning with subneurotoxic allyl nitrile: Protection against allyl nitrile neurotoxicity

金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系High-dose cruciferous allyl nitrile can induce behavioral abnormalities in rodents, while repeated exposure to allyl nitrile at subneurotoxic levels can increase phase 2 detoxification enzymes in many tissues, although the brain has not been investigated yet. In the present study, we examined the effect of 5 days repeated exposure to subneurotoxic allyl nitrile (0-400 μmol/kg/day) on the brain. Elevated glutathione S-transferase activity was recorded in the striatum, hippocampus, medulla oblongata plus pons, and cortex. Enhancement of quinone reductase activity was observed in the medulla oblongata plus pons, hippocampus, and cortex. In the medulla oblongata plus pons, elevated glutathione levels were recorded. Following repeated subneurotoxic allyl nitrile exposure (0-400 μmol/kg/day), mice were administered a high-dose allyl nitrile (1.2 mmol/kg) which alone led to appearance of behavioral abnormalities. Compared with the 0 μmol/kg/day group, animals in the 200 and 400 μmol/kg/day pre-treatment groups exhibited decreased behavioral abnormalities and elevated GABA-positive cell counts in the substantia nigra pars reticulata and the interpeduncular nucleus. These data suggest that repeated exposure to subneurotoxic levels of allyl nitrile can induce phase 2 enzymes in the brain, which together with induction in other tissues, may contribute to protection against allyl nitrile neurotoxicity. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Dualisation of the General Scalar Coset in Supergravity Theories

The dualised formulation of the symmetric space sigma model is peformed for a general scalar coset G/K where G is a maximally non-compact group and K is it's maximal compact subgroup.By using the twisted self-duality condition the general form of the first-order equations are obtained.The results are applied to the example of SL(2,R)/SO(2) scalar manifold of the IIB supergravity.Comment: 22 page

GeVn complexes for silicon-based room-temperature single-atom nanoelectronics

We propose germanium-vacancy complexes (GeVn) as a viable ingredient to exploit single-atom quantum effects in silicon devices at room temperature. Our predictions, motivated by the high controllability of the location of the defect via accurate single-atom implantation techniques, are based on ab-initio Density Functional Theory calculations within a parameterfree screened-dependent hybrid functional scheme, suitable to provide reliable bandstructure energies and defect-state wavefunctions. The resulting defect-related excited states, at variance with those arising from conventional dopants such as phosphorous, turn out to be deep enough to ensure device operation up to room temperature and exhibit a far more localized wavefunction

Timelike Boundary Liouville Theory

The timelike boundary Liouville (TBL) conformal field theory consisting of a negative norm boson with an exponential boundary interaction is considered. TBL and its close cousin, a positive norm boson with a non-hermitian boundary interaction, arise in the description of the $c=1$ accumulation point of $c<1$ minimal models, as the worldsheet description of open string tachyon condensation in string theory and in scaling limits of superconductors with line defects. Bulk correlators are shown to be exactly soluble. In contrast, due to OPE singularities near the boundary interaction, the computation of boundary correlators is a challenging problem which we address but do not fully solve. Analytic continuation from the known correlators of spatial boundary Liouville to TBL encounters an infinite accumulation of poles and zeros. A particular contour prescription is proposed which cancels the poles against the zeros in the boundary correlator d(\o) of two operators of weight \o^2 and yields a finite result. A general relation is proposed between two-point CFT correlators and stringy Bogolubov coefficients, according to which the magnitude of d(\o) determines the rate of open string pair creation during tachyon condensation. The rate so obtained agrees at large \o with a minisuperspace analysis of previous work. It is suggested that the mathematical ambiguity arising in the prescription for analytic continuation of the correlators corresponds to the physical ambiguity in the choice of open string modes and vacua in a time dependent background.Comment: 28 pages, 1 figure, v2 reference and acknowledgement adde

New insight into BRST anomalies in superstring theory

Based on the extended BRST formalism of Batalin, Fradkin and Vilkovisky, we perform a general algebraic analysis of the BRST anomalies in superstring theory of Neveu-Schwarz-Ramond. Consistency conditions on the BRST anomalies are completely solved. The genuine super-Virasoro anomaly is identified with the essentially unique solution to the consistency condition without any reference to a particular gauge for the 2D supergravity fields. In a configuration space where metric and gravitino fields are properly constructed, general form of the super-Weyl anomaly is obtained from the super-Virasoro anomaly as its descendant. We give a novel local action of super-Liouville type, which plays a role of Wess-Zumino-Witten term shifting the super-Virasoro anomaly into the super-Weyl anomaly. These results reveal a hierarchial relationship in the BRST anoamlies.Comment: 29 pages, PHYZZ

Dilaton Gravity in 2+ϵ2+\epsilon Dimensions

Quantum theory of dilaton gravity is studied in $2+\epsilon$ dimensions. Divergences are computed and renormalized at one-loop order. The mixing between the Liouville field and the dilaton field eliminates $1/\epsilon$ singularity in the Liouville-dilaton propagator. This smooth behavior of the dilaton gravity theory in the $\epsilon \rightarrow 0$ limit solves the oversubtraction problem which afflicted the higher orders of the Einstein gravity in $2+\epsilon$ dimensions. As a nontrivial fixed point, we find a dilaton gravity action which can be transformed to a CGHS type action.Comment: 26 pages, TIT/HEP-254, STUPP-94-13