56 research outputs found
Matrix Metalloproteinase-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade and modify the extracellular matrix (ECM) as well as cell-ECM and cell-cell contacts, facilitating detachment of epithelial cells from the surrounding tissue. MMPs play key functions in embryonic development and mammary gland branching morphogenesis, but they are also upregulated in breast cancer, where they stimulate tumorigenesis, cancer cell invasion and metastasis. MMPs have been investigated as potential targets for cancer therapy, but clinical trials using broad-spectrum MMP inhibitors yielded disappointing results, due in part to lack of specificity toward individual MMPs and specific stages of tumor development. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental process in which epithelial cells take on the characteristics of invasive mesenchymal cells, and activation of EMT has been implicated in tumor progression. Recent findings have implicated MMPs as promoters and mediators of developmental and pathogenic EMT processes in the breast. In this review, we will summarize recent studies showing how MMPs activate EMT in mammary gland development and in breast cancer, and how MMPs mediate breast cancer cell motility, invasion, and EMT-driven breast cancer progression. We also suggest approaches to inhibit these MMP-mediated malignant processes for therapeutic benefit
Measurement of D s <sup>±</sup> production asymmetry in pp collisions at âs=7 and 8 TeV
The inclusive production asymmetry is measured in collisions
collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of
and 8 TeV. Promptly produced mesons are used, which decay as
, with . The measurement is
performed in bins of transverse momentum, , and rapidity, ,
covering the range GeV and . No kinematic
dependence is observed. Evidence of nonzero production asymmetry is
found with a significance of 3.3 standard deviations.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2018-010.htm
Observation of B+c â D0K+ decays
Using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fbâ1, recorded by
the LHCb detector at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, the B+
c â D0K+ decay is observed with a
statistical significance of 5.1 standard deviations. By normalizing to B+ â DÂŻ 0Ï+ decays, a measurement of
the branching fraction multiplied by the production rates for B+
c relative to B+ mesons in the LHCb
acceptance is obtained, R
D
0
K
=
(
f
c
/
f
u
)
Ă
B
(
B
+
c
â
D
0
K
+
)
=
(
9.
3
+
2.8
â
2.5
±
0.6
)
Ă
10
â
7, where the first
uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This decay is expected to proceed predominantly
through weak annihilation and penguin amplitudes, and is the first B+
c decay of this nature to be observed
Observation of the decay Î <sub>b</sub> <sup>0</sup> âââÏ(2S)pÏ<sup>â</sup>
International audienceThe Cabibbo-suppressed decay Î âââÏ(2S)pÏ is observed for the first time using a data sample collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions corresponding to 1.0, 2.0 and 1.9 fb of integrated luminosity at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV, respectively. The Ï(2S) mesons are reconstructed in the ΌΌ final state. The branching fraction with respect to that of the Î âââÏ(2S)pK decay mode is measured to b
Measurement of the B_{s}^{0}âÎŒ^{+}ÎŒ^{-} Branching Fraction and Effective Lifetime and Search for B^{0}âÎŒ^{+}ÎŒ^{-} Decays.
A search for the rare decays B_{s}^{0}âÎŒ^{+}ÎŒ^{-} and B^{0}âÎŒ^{+}ÎŒ^{-} is performed at the LHCb experiment using data collected in pp collisions corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 4.4ââfb^{-1}. An excess of B_{s}^{0}âÎŒ^{+}ÎŒ^{-} decays is observed with a significance of 7.8 standard deviations, representing the first observation of this decay in a single experiment. The branching fraction is measured to be B(B_{s}^{0}âÎŒ^{+}ÎŒ^{-})=(3.0±0.6_{-0.2}^{+0.3})Ă10^{-9}, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The first measurement of the B_{s}^{0}âÎŒ^{+}ÎŒ^{-} effective lifetime, Ï(B_{s}^{0}âÎŒ^{+}ÎŒ^{-})=2.04±0.44±0.05ââps, is reported. No significant excess of B^{0}âÎŒ^{+}ÎŒ^{-} decays is found, and a 95% confidence level upper limit, B(B^{0}âÎŒ^{+}ÎŒ^{-})<3.4Ă10^{-10}, is determined. All results are in agreement with the standard model expectations
Search for CP violation in Îb0âpKâ and Îb0âpÏâ decays
A search for CP violation in Îb0âpKâ and Îb0âpÏâ decays is presented using a sample of pp collisions collected with the LHCb detector and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0fbâ1. The CP -violating asymmetries are measured to be ACPpKâ=â0.020±0.013±0.019 and ACPpÏâ=â0.035±0.017±0.020, and their difference ACPpKââACPpÏâ=0.014±0.022±0.010, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. These are the most precise measurements of such asymmetries to date
Evidence for an nc(1S)ff- resonance in B0 yc(1S)K+ decays
A Dalitz plot analysis of B0âηc(1S)K+Ï- decays is performed using data samples of pp collisions collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of s=7,8 and 13TeV , corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 4.7fb-1 . A satisfactory description of the data is obtained when including a contribution representing an exotic ηc(1S)Ï- resonant state. The significance of this exotic resonance is more than three standard deviations, while its mass and width are 4096±20-22+18MeV and 152±58-35+60MeV , respectively. The spin-parity assignments JP=0+ and JP=1- are both consistent with the data. In addition, the first measurement of the B0âηc(1S)K+Ï- branching fraction is performed and gives B(B0âηc(1S)K+Ï-)=(5.73±0.24±0.13±0.66)Ă10-4, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third is due to limited knowledge of external branching fractions
Measurement of the B0sâÎŒ+ÎŒâ Branching Fraction and Effective Lifetime and Search for B0âÎŒ+ÎŒâ Decays
See paper for full list of authors - All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2017-001.html - Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett.International audienceA search for the rare decays B0sâÎŒ+ÎŒâ and B0âÎŒ+ÎŒâ is performed at the LHCb experiment using data collected in pp collisions corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 4.4 fbâ1. An excess of B0sâÎŒ+ÎŒâ decays is observed with a significance of 7.8 standard deviations, representing the first observation of this decay in a single experiment. The branching fraction is measured to be B(B0sâÎŒ+ÎŒâ)=(3.0±0.6+0.3â0.2)Ă10â9, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The first measurement of the B0sâÎŒ+ÎŒâ effective lifetime, Ï(B0sâÎŒ+ÎŒâ)=2.04±0.44±0.05 ps, is reported. No significant excess of B0âÎŒ+ÎŒâ decays is found and a 95 % confidence level upper limit, B(B0âÎŒ+ÎŒâ)<3.4Ă10â10, is determined. All results are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations
Observation of Five New Narrow Omega(0)(c) States Decaying to Xi K-+(c)-
The mass spectrum is studied with a sample of collision
data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.3 fb, collected by
the LHCb experiment. The is reconstructed in the decay mode . Five new, narrow excited states are observed: the
, , , ,
and . Measurements of their masses and widths are reported.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures. All figures and tables, along with any
supplementary material and additional information, are available at
https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2017-002.htm
Search for dark photons produced in 13 TeV collisions
Searches are performed for both promptlike and long-lived dark photons,
A
0
, produced in proton-proton
collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, using
A
0
â
Ό
ĂŸ
Ό
â
decays and a data sample corresponding
to an integrated luminosity of
1
.
6
fb
â
1
collected with the LHCb detector. The promptlike
A
0
search covers
the mass range from near the dimuon threshold up to 70 GeV, while the long-lived
A
0
search is restricted to
the low-mass region
214
<m
Ă°
A
0
Ă
<
350
MeV. No evidence for a signal is found, and 90% confidence
level exclusion limits are placed on the
Îł
â
A
0
kinetic-mixing strength. The constraints placed on promptlike
dark photons are the most stringent to date for the mass range
10
.
6
<m
Ă°
A
0
Ă
<
70
GeV, and are
comparable to the best existing limits for
m
Ă°
A
0
Ă
<
0
.
5
GeV. The search for long-lived dark photons is the
first to achieve sensitivity using a displaced-vertex signature
- âŠ