Propiedades en estado fresco de morteros con árido reciclado de hormigón y efecto de la relación c/a

Los residuos de construcción y demolición se han convertido en un problema urbano que resulta complejo y de un alto coste de gestión. Por este motivo, en la actualidad se está innovando en legislación medioambiental para fomentar diferentes actividades que lo mitiguen; siendo el reciclado una de las más aptas (faculta su reinserción como material de segunda generación para su nuevo uso en la construcción). En esta dirección se han realizado varios estudios de morteros en los que los residuos sustituyen diferentes porcentajes de los áridos naturales, a falta de una legislación propia que marque pautas de combinación. Sin embargo, poco se ha indagado en el comportamiento de su estado en fresco, el cual es vinculado con sus propiedades en estado endurecido a posteriori. En esta investigación se han realizado ensayos de propiedades en estado fresco (consistencia, densidad y contenido de aire) de morteros que contienen diferentes porcentajes de sustitución de áridos naturales, remplazados por áridos de hormigón reciclado (10, 20, 30, 50 y 100 %) a diferentes relaciones de cemento/arena (1:3.25, 1:4 y 1:4.74). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los morteros con áridos reciclados reportan menor densidad, necesitan mayor cantidad de agua para lograr la consistencia requerida y presentan mayor contenido de aire que los morteros de referencia, sin sustitución de áridos reciclados.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Synthesis and characterization of PET polymer resin for your application in concrete

Due to the problem that represents the accelerated production of waste from the consumption of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), it becomes necessary to look for alternative solutions; chemical recycling is a suitable method for conversion into a material with potential application in concrete additive, such as are unsaturated polyester resins; with the above improvements, and conservation of non-renewable raw materials can reduce the environmental impact. This investigation was focused on obtaining the synthesis of a polymeric resin by the method of glycolysis, and their characterization by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR); the results show that the recycled materials (PET and its processing) are similar to reagents made from primary materials so that it is considered feasible to use in the intended application.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Evaluación de la carbonatación de concreto modificado con polímero, utilizando agregado grueso y tereftalato de polietileno reciclados

En este trabajo de investigación se han estudiado diferentes mezclas de concreto modificado con polímero, constituidas por agregado natural (AN) y un remplazo parcial de agregado grueso de concreto reciclado (AGR) del 25 %, con la adición de 9, 13 y 17% de resina polimérica sintetizada a partir de botellas de tereftalato de polietileno (PET por sus siglas en inglés) post-consumo a través de procesos de reciclaje mecánico y químico. Las probetas de concreto fabricadas fueron expuestas en una cámara de carbonatación acelerada por un lapso de nueve semanas y se determinó el avance del frente de carbonatación y constantes de carbonatación mediante mediciones periódicas por el método de indicador ácido-base con solución de fenolftaleína. La durabilidad del concreto es un factor de gran importancia en la evaluación de la eficiencia de éstos, por lo tanto se estudió la porosidad debido a que juega un papel determinante ya que representa el medio de incorporación de agentes agresivos como el CO2 para los elementos de concreto. De manera general se encontró que la adición de la resina polimérica permite reducir las constantes de carbonatación del concreto, otorgándole mayor durabilidad.Postprint (published version

Relación entre la proporción c/a y las propiedades en estado fresco de morteros que contienen árido de vidrio reciclado

A partir de la búsqueda de alternativas sustentables para el reciclado de diversos residuos que repercuten en problemáticas económicas y ambientales actuales, se considera como opción para contribuir en este ámbito el uso de residuos de vidrio; éste es un material que se puede encontrar en múltiples aplicaciones, y que una vez terminada su vida útil ocasiona problemas de vertido y reciclado. El vidrio, dadas sus características físicas puede ser utilizado en la construcción, como remplazo de la fracción fina en morteros u hormigones. En esta investigación, se fabricaron morteros con vidrio reciclado como sustituto de árido natural a diferentes porcentajes de contenido (0, 15, 30, 60 y 100%) y con diferente relación c/a (1:3.25, 1:4 y 1:4.75), se presentan y discuten el análisis de las propiedades en estado fresco (consistencia, densidad y contenido de aire), puesto que en este estadio incipiente, se establecen las garantías de un adecuado desempeño en su posterior estado endurecido. Los resultados obtenidos reportan que cuando aumenta la cantidad de árido de vidrio respecto al mortero de referencia, se obtiene una menor consistencia y densidad, así como un mayor contenido de airePostprint (published version

Relación entre la proporción c/a y las propiedades en estado fresco de morteros que contienen árido de vidrio reciclado

A partir de la búsqueda de alternativas sustentables para el reciclado de diversos residuos que repercuten en problemáticas económicas y ambientales actuales, se considera como opción para contribuir en este ámbito el uso de residuos de vidrio; éste es un material que se puede encontrar en múltiples aplicaciones, y que una vez terminada su vida útil ocasiona problemas de vertido y reciclado. El vidrio, dadas sus características físicas puede ser utilizado en la construcción, como remplazo de la fracción fina en morteros u hormigones. En esta investigación, se fabricaron morteros con vidrio reciclado como sustituto de árido natural a diferentes porcentajes de contenido (0, 15, 30, 60 y 100%) y con diferente relación c/a (1:3.25, 1:4 y 1:4.75), se presentan y discuten el análisis de las propiedades en estado fresco (consistencia, densidad y contenido de aire), puesto que en este estadio incipiente, se establecen las garantías de un adecuado desempeño en su posterior estado endurecido. Los resultados obtenidos reportan que cuando aumenta la cantidad de árido de vidrio respecto al mortero de referencia, se obtiene una menor consistencia y densidad, así como un mayor contenido de airePostprint (published version

UCS protein function is partially restored in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae she4 mutant with expression of the human UNC45-GC, but not UNC45-SM

A dedicated UNC45, Cro1, She4 (UCS) domain-containing protein assists in the Hsp90-mediated folding of the myosin head. Only weak sequence conservation exists between the single UCS protein of simple eukaryotes (She4 in budding yeast) and the two UCS proteins of higher organisms (the general cell and striated muscle UNC45s; UNC45-GC and UNC45-SM, respectively). In vertebrates, UNC45-GC facilitates cytoskeletal functions, whereas the 55% identical UNC45-SM assists assembly of the contractile apparatus of cardiac and skeletal muscles. A Saccharomyces cerevisiae she4Δ mutant, totally lacking any UCS protein, was engineered to express as its sole Hsp90 either the Hsp90α or the Hsp90β isoforms of human cytosolic Hsp90. A transient induction of the human UNC45-GC, but not UNC45-SM, could rescue the defective endocytosis in these she4Δ cells at 39 °C, irrespective of whether they possessed Hsp90α or Hsp90β. UNC45-GC-mediated rescue of the localisation of a Myo5-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion to cortical patches at 39 °C was more efficient in the yeast containing Hsp90α, though this may relate to more efficient functioning of Hsp90α as compared to Hsp90β in these strains. Furthermore, inducible expression of UNC45-GC, but not UNC45-SM, could partially rescue survival at a more extreme temperature (45 °C) that normally causes she4Δ mutant yeast cells to lyse. The results indicate that UCS protein function has been most conserved-yeast to man-in the UNC45-GC, not UNC45-SM. This may reflect UNC45-GC being the vertebrate UCS protein that assists formation of the actomyosin complexes needed for cytokinesis, cell morphological change, and organelle trafficking-events also facilitated by the myosins in yeast

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Trabajo Final de Máster Profesional

Treball Final del Màster Universitari en Traducció Medicosanitària (Pla de 2013). Codi: SBA031. Curs acadèmic 2014-201