evidence of bipolar resistive switching memory in perovskite solar cell

In hybrid inorganic-organic perovskite solar cells a very stable bipolar resistive switching behavior in the dark current-voltage characteristics at low-voltages has been observed. The possible use of the solar cell as an electrical memory with a moderate on-off contrast but very good stability over a prolonged time has been suggested. The reversible behavior and the long dynamics during the write/erase processes indicate that the physical mechanism behind the switching is related to polarization effects. A detailed analysis of the charge carrier trapping/detrapping, transport, and recombination mechanisms has been performed by taking the ion migration and the consequent charge carrier accumulation within the device into account. The charge transport during the write operation can be described by space-charge-limited conduction process. The formation and subsequent interruption of conducting pathways due to ion migration have been identified as the main cause of the resistive switching within the perovskite material. The strong interaction between the ion movement and the electron transport enables the operation of the perovskite solar cell also as a non-volatile memory

A common variant near TGFBR3 is associated with primary open angle glaucoma

Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), a major cause of blindness worldwide, is a complex disease with a significant genetic contribution. We performed Exome Array (Illumina) analysis on 3504 POAG cases and 9746 controls with replication of the most significant findings in 9173 POAG cases and 26 780 controls across 18 collections of Asian, African and European descent. Apart from confirming strong evidence of association at CDKN2B-AS1 (rs2157719 [G], odds ratio [OR] = 0.71, P = 2.81 × 10−33), we observed one SNP showing significant association to POAG (CDC7–TGFBR3 rs1192415, ORG-allele = 1.13, Pmeta = 1.60 × 10−8). This particular SNP has previously been shown to be strongly associated with optic disc area and vertical cup-to-disc ratio, which are regarded as glaucoma-related quantitative traits. Our study now extends this by directly implicating it in POAG disease pathogenesis

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Abstract Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), a major cause of blindness worldwide, is a complex disease with a significant genetic contribution. We performed Exome Array ), we observed one SNP showing significant association to POAG (CDC7-TGFBR3 rs1192415, OR G-allele = 1.13, P meta = 1.60 × 10 −8 ). This particular SNP has previously been shown to be strongly associated with optic disc area and vertical cup-to-disc ratio, which are regarded as glaucoma-related quantitative traits. Our study now extends this by directly implicating it in POAG disease pathogenesis

Observational study of the efficacy of supraclavicular brachial plexus block for arteriovenous fistula creation

Background and Aims: Arteriovenous (AV) fistula surgery is commonly performed for AV access for hemodialysis. However the ideal anaesthetic technique of choice remains debated. We aimed to assess operative conditions, vascular patency, and complication rate following AV fistula surgery with isolated brachial plexus block among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Methods: This prospective, observational study included 214 patients undergoing AV fistula surgery under isolated supraclavicular brachial plexus block between January and December 2017. The diameters of the vessels both before and after the block, and the patency of the AV fistula in the immediate postoperative period and after 3 months were assessed using ultrasound Doppler. The change in the vessel diameter both before and after block was compared using independent sample t-test. Results: The mean brachial artery diameter increased by 0.09 mm (P = 0.002), and cephalic vein diameter at elbow, radial artery, and cephalic vein at wrist diameters increased by 0.5 mm (P < 0.001), 0.08 mm (P = 0.031), and 0.48 mm (P < 0.001), respectively. Overall, 93.45% had immediate patency, 85.51% had primary, and 47.19% had functional patency at 3 months. In the brachiocephalic group, 96.24% had immediate patency, 87.21% had primary, and 27.06% had functional patency at 3 months. Among the radiocephalic group, 91.35% had immediate patency, 82.71% had primary patency, and 71.60% had functional patency at 3 months. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided isolated brachial plexus block results in good vasodilation and achieves good immediate and long-term patency in AV fistula surgery

Genome-wide association study identifies five new susceptibility loci for primary angle closure glaucoma.

Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a major cause of blindness worldwide. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) followed by replication in a combined total of 10,503 PACG cases and 29,567 controls drawn from 24 countries across Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. We observed significant evidence of disease association at five new genetic loci upon meta-analysis of all patient collections. These loci are at EPDR1 rs3816415 (odds ratio (OR) = 1.24, P = 5.94 × 10(-15)), CHAT rs1258267 (OR = 1.22, P = 2.85 × 10(-16)), GLIS3 rs736893 (OR = 1.18, P = 1.43 × 10(-14)), FERMT2 rs7494379 (OR = 1.14, P = 3.43 × 10(-11)), and DPM2-FAM102A rs3739821 (OR = 1.15, P = 8.32 × 10(-12)). We also confirmed significant association at three previously described loci (P < 5 × 10(-8) for each sentinel SNP at PLEKHA7, COL11A1, and PCMTD1-ST18), providing new insights into the biology of PACG