Dental Pulp response to Hydrogen peroxide and its potential in the treatment of dental cavities

During caries progression, an interaction between the dental pulp, the bacteria and their by-products and the demineralized matrix components can lead to new dentin matrix deposition. The production of tertiary dentin requires a low level of inflammation that enhances the reparative response. There is evidence to suggest that low-grade oxidative stress could have similar results (Lee et al. 2006). It is also known that control of the infection is a prerequisite for vital pulp therapies to be successful. The aim of this project is therefore to explore the potential to use hydrogen peroxide in deep cavities to both eliminate infections and encourage regeneration. The potential biocidal effect of H2O2 to treat dentin infections was assessed by determining the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of H2O2 against E. faecalis, S. anginosus and S. mutans. The viability of dental pulp fibroblasts to these bactericidal concentrations was then studied using an MTT assay. Additionally, a suspension test was carried out to study the inactivation kinetics of the microorganisms when subjected to a clinically relevant exposure time of H2O2. Changes in the bacterial cell wall structure were also evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imaging. A validated ex vivo tooth slice model (Sloan et al. 1998) was also used to study the potential use of H2O2 in enhancing a regenerative response. Tooth slices were exposed to H2O2 and the dental pulp response was established by viable histological cell counts and immunohistochemistry for inflammatory (TNFα and IL-1β) and regenerative markers (DSPP and PCNA). Results: MIC of H2O2 was 1,250ppm for E. faecalis, S. anginosus and S. mutans. Dental pulp fibroblast viability was reduced significantly when exposed to bactericidal concentrations of H2O2 for 60 seconds or 5 minutes. The bacterial count was not reduced after 5 minutes of exposure to 1,000ppm H2O2 and no structural changes were observed using SEM. Tooth slices exposed to 1,000ppm or 300ppm H2O2 for 60 seconds or 5 minutes showed no significant reduction in cell counts. Immunohistochemistry showed the presence of inflammation in the vasculature and odontoblast layer, and the expression of dentin extracellular matrix protein DSPP in the odontoblast layer. In conclusion, bactericidal concentrations of H2O2 are cytotoxic to dental pulp cells cultured in monolayer. Moreover, at clinically relevant time exposures to H2O2 for decontaminating cavity preparations, the bacterial count was not reduced. However, results from this study suggest there may be a potential use for H2O2 to induce dental pulp regenerative response.Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovació

Dental Pulp response to Hydrogen peroxide and its potential in the treatment of dental cavities

During caries progression, an interaction between the dental pulp, the bacteria and their by-products and the demineralized matrix components can lead to new dentin matrix deposition. The production of tertiary dentin requires a low level of inflammation that enhances the reparative response. There is evidence to suggest that low-grade oxidative stress could have similar results (Lee et al. 2006). It is also known that control of the infection is a prerequisite for vital pulp therapies to be successful. The aim of this project is therefore to explore the potential to use hydrogen peroxide in deep cavities to both eliminate infections and encourage regeneration. The potential biocidal effect of H2O2 to treat dentin infections was assessed by determining the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of H2O2 against E. faecalis, S. anginosus and S. mutans. The viability of dental pulp fibroblasts to these bactericidal concentrations was then studied using an MTT assay. Additionally, a suspension test was carried out to study the inactivation kinetics of the microorganisms when subjected to a clinically relevant exposure time of H2O2. Changes in the bacterial cell wall structure were also evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imaging. A validated ex vivo tooth slice model (Sloan et al. 1998) was also used to study the potential use of H2O2 in enhancing a regenerative response. Tooth slices were exposed to H2O2 and the dental pulp response was established by viable histological cell counts and immunohistochemistry for inflammatory (TNFα and IL-1β) and regenerative markers (DSPP and PCNA). Results: MIC of H2O2 was 1,250ppm for E. faecalis, S. anginosus and S. mutans. Dental pulp fibroblast viability was reduced significantly when exposed to bactericidal concentrations of H2O2 for 60 seconds or 5 minutes. The bacterial count was not reduced after 5 minutes of exposure to 1,000ppm H2O2 and no structural changes were observed using SEM. Tooth slices exposed to 1,000ppm or 300ppm H2O2 for 60 seconds or 5 minutes showed no significant reduction in cell counts. Immunohistochemistry showed the presence of inflammation in the vasculature and odontoblast layer, and the expression of dentin extracellular matrix protein DSPP in the odontoblast layer. In conclusion, bactericidal concentrations of H2O2 are cytotoxic to dental pulp cells cultured in monolayer. Moreover, at clinically relevant time exposures to H2O2 for decontaminating cavity preparations, the bacterial count was not reduced. However, results from this study suggest there may be a potential use for H2O2 to induce dental pulp regenerative response.Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovació

An interview with Dr Carmen Herrero, an expert in film and language education

An interview with Dr Carmen Herrero

Localization of the thermosensitive X-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase in the vacuolar membrane of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

AbstractMost of the X-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was found to be associated with purified vacuolar membranes (specific activity approx. 75-times higher than in the protoplast lysate). The tonoplast-bound enzyme is thermosensitive. Another heat-resistant enzyme was found in the protoplast lysate. The tonoplast-bound thermosensitive enzyme shows an apparent Km of 0.06 mM against L-alanyl-L-prolyl-p-nitroanilide while the heat-resistant enzyme shows an apparent Km of 0.4 mM against the same substrate

Factores y consecuencias del inicio de Vida Sexual Activa en los y las adolescentes que asisten a la unidad de salud Molino Norte, del municipio de Matagalpa, segundo semestre 2015

El presente trabajo investigativo, trata sobre los factores y las causas del Inicio de Vida Sexual Activa en los y las adolescentes del departamento de Matagalpa, con el propósito de analizar los factores y consecuencias del Inicio de Vida Sexual Activa en los y las adolescentes que asisten a la unidad de salud molino norte del municipio de Matagalpa, durante el segundo semestre del año 2015, en él se abordan las etapas de la adolescencia, los factores del inicio de vida sexual activa en los adolescentes, el nivel de educación sexual y las consecuencias del inicio de vida sexual activa en los mismos. El estudio será de utilidad para el desarrollo de actividades investigativas, mejorando así la atención al adolescente ya que de esta manera se tendrá una visión del cuidado que requieren evitando de esta manera complicaciones físicas, psicológicas y sociales beneficiando de esta manera el presente y futuro de la sociedad. Se concluye que: a) los factores más significativos para que los adolescentes inicien vida sexual son: exploración de la sexualidad, presión de la pareja o grupo y los conflictos familiares; b) Existe un nivel de conocimiento deficiente en los adolescentes sobre relaciones sexuales por qué no se está recibiendo información en el puesto de salud; c) las consecuencias del Inicio de Vida Sexual activa son: los embarazos no deseados y las enfermedades de trasmisión sexua

Benefits of Natural Language Techniques in Ontology Evaluation : the OOPS! Case

National audienceNatural language techniques play an important role in Ontology Engineering. Developing ontologies in a manual fashion is a complex and time consuming process, which implies the participation of domain experts and ontology engineers to build and evaluate them. Natural language techniques traditionally help to (semi)automatically build ontologies and to populate them. However, the general trends for evaluating ontologies are mainly expert reviewing, evaluating quality dimensions and criteria, and evaluating against existing ontologies and set of common errors. That is, the use of natural language techniques in ontology evaluation is not widely spread. Thus, in this paper we aim at the use of natural language techniques during the ontology evaluation process. In particular, we propose a first attempt towards a language-based enhancement of the pitfall detection process within the ontology evaluation tool OOPS!

Personal transition and sociopolitical transition: intrahistory and speech in Off-side, of Gonzalo Torrente Ballester

Los primeros años sesenta del siglo XX fueron decisivos en la vida y la obra del escritor español Gonzalo Torrente Ballester. Este artículo examina algunas de las circunstancias vitales del autor y su correspondencia con la intrahistoria plasmada en la novela Off -side pretendiendo mostrar que, con el tratamiento de un tema y la utilización de nuevas o renovadas estrategias discursivas que suponen el abandono de gastadas fórmulas, el escritor se libera definitivamente de limitadoras etiquetas y logra, a través de la ficción, poner de manifiesto su verdadera posición ideológica.The early sixties were decisive in the life of the writer Gonzalo Torrente Ballester. This article examines some of the life circumstances of the author and his correspondence with the intra-history reflected in the novel Off - side trying to show that treatment of a subject and the use of new or renewed discursive strategies that involve the abandonment of worn formulas, the writer is definitely free from limiting labels and manages, through fiction, to reveal their true ideological position.Les années soixante ont été décisifs dans la vie de l’écrivain Gonzalo Torrente Ballester. Cet article examine certaines des circonstances de la vie de l’auteur et de sa correspondance avec l’intra-histoire refl été dans le roman Off -side en essayant de montrer que le traitement d’un sujet et l’utilisation de nouveaux ou renouvelés stratégies discursives qui impliquent l’abandon des formules usées, l’écrivain est certainement libre de labels limitatifs et gère, à travers la fiction, de révéler leur véritable position idéologique.Este artículo se enmarca en el Proyecto de Investigación “Gonzalo Torrente Ballester (III)”, Referencia: FFI2012-34025, financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica

Empagliflozin reduces vascular damage and cognitive impairment in a mixed murine model of Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes

Background Both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) share common pathological features including inflammation, insulin signaling alterations, or vascular damage. AD has no successful treatment, and the close relationship between both diseases supports the study of antidiabetic drugs to limit or slow down brain pathology in AD. Empagliflozin (EMP) is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, the newest class of antidiabetic agents. EMP controls hyperglycemia and reduces cardiovascular comorbidities and deaths associated to T2D. Therefore, we have analyzed the role of EMP at the central level in a complex mouse model of AD-T2D. Methods We have treated AD-T2D mice (APP/PS1xdb/db mice) with EMP 10 mg/kg for 22 weeks. Glucose, insulin, and body weight were monthly assessed. We analyzed learning and memory in the Morris water maze and the new object discrimination test. Postmortem brain assessment was conducted to measure brain atrophy, senile plaques, and amyloid-beta levels. Tau phosphorylation, hemorrhage burden, and microglia were also measured in the brain after EMP treatment. Results EMP treatment helped to maintain insulin levels in diabetic mice. At the central level, EMP limited cortical thinning and reduced neuronal loss in treated mice. Hemorrhage and microglia burdens were also reduced in EMP-treated mice. Senile plaque burden was lower, and these effects were accompanied by an amelioration of cognitive deficits in APP/PS1xdb/db mice. Conclusions Altogether, our data support a feasible role for EMP to reduce brain complications associated to AD and T2D, including classical pathological features and vascular disease, and supporting further assessment of EMP at the central level

La influencia de la motivación laboral en los trabajadores de la Asociación para el desarrollo integral comunitario (ADIC)Matagalpa año 2013

La motivación laboral tiene una importancia notable dentro del ámbito empresarial y por lo tanto se abordara la influencia de la motivación laboral en las organizaciones de Matagalpa en el año 2013, y en particular de la Asociación para el Desarrollo Integral (ADIC – Matagalpa), teniendo como propòsito analizar la influencia de la motivacion laboral en los trabajadores, para identificar tecnicas tales como: dinero, participacion, calidad de vida laboral y enriquecimiento del puesto, aplicadas en dicha empresa, utilizando estrategias para determinar factores motivacionales e higiènicos que influyen en la aplicación de éstas técnicas, sabiendo que la motivacion es un método para mejorar el comportamiento mediante la satisfacción del individuo. La importancia de esta investigación se manifiesta a través de los resultados que se obtienen en la instituciòn, para implementar mecanismos para motivar a los empleados y por lo tanto los involucrados en éste àmbito se beneficiaràn, porque de ésta manera estarán mas influenciados laboralmente. Concluyendo que la instituciòn hace uso de técnicas y estrategias motivacionales para mantener al empleado activo y con dinamismo, siendo la más importante la participación de los trabajadores en las principales actividades de la empresa, mediante factores que intervienen en el cumplimiento de metas y objetivos de la instituciòn, haciendo uso de leyes que respaldan a los trabajadore

Rol de los profesionales de enfermería en el sistema de salud colombiano

Introduction: The nursing professional is able to provide care to people and communities from the different roles he or she assumes in the health system and that affect the quality of life of society. Objective: To identify in the scientific evidence published between 2011 and 2017 the role of nursing in the health system. Materials and methods: The bibliographic search was carried out in the data bases SciELO, PubMed, LILACS and Science Direct. Complete articles were selected in Spanish and English that presented in their titles the descriptors: nursing, role of nursing, health systems, advanced professional practice. Results: Fifty published studies were selected, which studied the health systems in Latin America, seeking to orient the role of nursing between 2011 and 2017. Three categories of interest could be found: Internships in the field of hospitality, community-based practices and teaching and research management. Conclusion: Despite the importance of the role played by nursing professionals in Colombia, there is no differentiation of profiles and functions within the health team; therefore, it is necessary to delimit some functions, to recover fields of action, strengthen leadership, autonomy and humanization in the provision of services