“The Frying Pan” and “The Battle of The Stomachs:” The Workers’ Struggle and Possibilities for Resistance in Men in The Sun and Wild Thorns

Senior Project submitted to The Division of Languages and Literature of Bard College

Clustering and dynamics of cytochrome bd-I complexes in the Escherichia coli plasma membrane in vivo

The definitive version is available at www3.interscience.wiley.co

The halophilic alkalithermophile Natranaerobius thermophilus adapts to multiple environmental extremes using a large repertoire of Na+(K+)/H+ antiporters

Natranaerobius thermophilus is an unusual extremophile because it is halophilic, alkaliphilic and thermophilic, growing optimally at 3.5 M Na+, pH55°C 9.5 and 53°C. Mechanisms enabling this tripartite lifestyle are essential for understanding how microorganisms grow under inhospitable conditions, but remain unknown, particularly in extremophiles growing under multiple extremes. We report on the response of N. thermophilus to external pH at high salt and elevated temperature and identify mechanisms responsible for this adaptation. N. thermophilus exhibited cytoplasm acidification, maintaining an unanticipated transmembrane pH gradient of 1 unit over the entire extracellular pH range for growth. N. thermophilus uses two distinct mechanisms for cytoplasm acidification. At extracellular pH values at and below the optimum, N. thermophilus utilizes at least eight electrogenic Na+(K+)/H+ antiporters for cytoplasm acidification. Characterization of these antiporters in antiporter-deficient Escherichia coli KNabc showed overlapping pH profiles (pH 7.8–10.0) and Na+ concentrations for activity (K0.5 values 1.0–4.4 mM), properties that correlate with intracellular conditions of N. thermophilus. As the extracellular pH increases beyond the optimum, electrogenic antiport activity ceases, and cytoplasm acidification is achieved by energy-independent physiochemical effects (cytoplasmic buffering) potentially mediated by an acidic proteome. The combination of these strategies allows N. thermophilus to grow over a range of extracellular pH and Na+ concentrations and protect biomolecules under multiple extreme conditions

The CydDC family of transporters

The CydDC family of ABC transporters export the low molecular weight thiols glutathione and cysteine to the periplasm of a variety of bacterial species. The CydDC complex has previously been shown to be important for disulfide folding, motility, respiration, and tolerance to nitric oxide and antibiotics. In addition, CydDC is thus far unique amongst ABC transporters in that it binds a haem cofactor that appears to modulate ATPase activity. CydDC has a diverse impact upon bacterial metabolism, growth, and virulence, and is of interest to those working on membrane transport mechanisms, redox biology, aerobic respiration, and stress sensing/tolerance during infection

Training descriptive communication skills in educably mentally handicapped pre-adolescents

Typescript (photocopy).Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industrie

Continental shelf waves over a continental slope.

http://www.archive.org/details/continentalshelf00stu

The Presence of Walt Whitman in Ha Jin\u27s Waiting

Examines Ha Jin\u27s use of Whitman in his 1999 novel Waiting, analyzing the effects of evoking Whitman in a novel set during the Cultural Revolution and finding the character of Whitman "an elusive figure who is not so easily contained in single-minded political interpretations.