443 research outputs found
Does basic science knowledge correlate with clinical reasoning in assessments of first-year medical students?
AbstractPrevious research has investigated the outcomes of Problem-based Learning (PBL), but little research has compared competencies in PBL and associated clinical reasoning skills with other competencies in medical education. We used results from formative and summative exams during the first block of medical education to investigate how the performance of beginning, undergraduate medical students on online clinical cases and additional clinical-reasoning questions related to their basic-science knowledge. We found a moderate correlation between clinical-reasoning and basic-science performance. However, the level of correlation suggests that distinct knowledge and skills are involved in clinical reasoning beyond those associated with basic-science knowledge
KELT-8b: A highly inflated transiting hot Jupiter and a new technique for extracting high-precision radial velocities from noisy spectra
We announce the discovery of a highly inflated transiting hot Jupiter
discovered by the KELT-North survey. A global analysis including constraints
from isochrones indicates that the V = 10.8 host star (HD 343246) is a mildly
evolved, G dwarf with K, , , an inferred mass
M, and radius
R. The planetary companion has mass , radius
, surface gravity , and density
g cm. The planet is on a roughly
circular orbit with semimajor axis AU and
eccentricity . The best-fit linear ephemeris is
BJD and
days. This planet is one of the most inflated of all known transiting
exoplanets, making it one of the few members of a class of extremely low
density, highly-irradiated gas giants. The low stellar and large
implied radius are supported by stellar density constraints from follow-up
light curves, plus an evolutionary and space motion analysis. We also develop a
new technique to extract high precision radial velocities from noisy spectra
that reduces the observing time needed to confirm transiting planet candidates.
This planet boasts deep transits of a bright star, a large inferred atmospheric
scale height, and a high equilibrium temperature of
K, assuming zero albedo and perfect heat redistribution, making it one of the
best targets for future atmospheric characterization studies.Comment: Submitted to ApJ, feedback is welcom
Bulk and Interfacial Shear Thinning of Immiscible Polymers
Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the shear
thinning behavior of immiscible symmetric polymer blends. The phase separated
polymers are subjected to a simple shear flow imposed by moving a wall parallel
to the fluid-fluid interface. The viscosity begins to shear thin at much lower
rates in the bulk than at the interface. The entire shear rate dependence of
the interfacial viscosity is consistent with a shorter effective chain length
that also describes the width of the interface. This is independent
of chain length and is a function only of the degree of immiscibility of
the two polymers. Changes in polymer conformation are studied as a function of
position and shear rate.Shear thinning correlates more closely with a decrease
in the component of the radius of gyration along the velocity gradient than
with elongation along the flow. At the interface, this contraction of chains is
independent of and consistent with the bulk behavior for chains of length
. The distribution of conformational changes along chains is also studied.
Central regions begin to stretch at a shear rate that decreases with increasing
, while shear induced changes at the ends of chains are independent of .Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure
Variations of training load, monotony, and strain and dose-response relationships with maximal aerobic speed, maximal oxygen uptake, and isokinetic strength in professional soccer players
This study aimed to identify variations in weekly training load, training monotony, and training strain across a 10-week period (during both, pre- and in-season phases); and to analyze the dose-response relationships between training markers and maximal aerobic speed (MAS), maximal oxygen uptake, and isokinetic strength. Twenty-seven professional soccer players (24.9±3.5 years old) were monitored across the 10-week period using global positioning system units. Players were also tested for maximal aerobic speed, maximal oxygen uptake, and isokinetic strength before and after 10 weeks of training. Large positive correlations were found between sum of training load and extension peak torque in the right lower limb (r = 0.57, 90%CI[0.15;0.82]) and the ratio agonist/antagonist in the right lower limb (r = 0.51, [0.06;0.78]). It was observed that loading measures fluctuated across the period of the study and that the load was meaningfully associated with changes in the fitness status of players. However, those magnitudes of correlations were small-to-large, suggesting that variations in fitness level cannot be exclusively explained by the accumulated load and loading profile
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KELT-12b: A P ∼ 5 day, Highly Inflated Hot Jupiter Transiting a Mildly Evolved Hot Star
We announce the discovery of KELT-12b, a highly inflated Jupiter-mass planet transiting the mildly evolved, V = 10.64 host star TYC 2619-1057-1. We followed up the initial transit signal in the KELT-North survey data with precise ground-based photometry, high-resolution spectroscopy, precise radial velocity measurements, and high-resolution adaptive optics imaging. Our preferred best-fit model indicates that the host star has = 6279 ±51 K, = 3.89 ±0.05, [Fe/H] = 0.19+0.08-0.09, = M∗ = 1.59+0.070.09M, and R ∗= 2.37 ±0.17 . The planetary companion has Mp= 0.95 ±0.14 MJ, RP = 1.78+0.17-0.16 RJ, log gP = 2.87+0.9-0.09 and density pp 0.210.070.05= g cm-3, making it one of the most inflated giant planets known. Furthermore, for future follow-up, we report a high-precision time of inferior conjunction in BJDTDB of 2,457,083.660459 ±0.000894 and period of P = 5.0316216 ± 0.000032days. Despite the relatively large separation of ∼0.07 au implied by its ∼5.03-day orbital period, KELT-12b receives significant flux of 2.38+0.32-0.29 × 109 erg s-1 cm-2 from its host. We compare the radii and insolations of transiting gas giant planets around hot (Teff 6250 K) and cool stars, noting that the observed paucity of known transiting giants around hot stars with low insolation is likely due to selection effects. We underscore the significance of long-term ground-based monitoring of hot stars and space-based targeting of hot stars with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite to search for inflated gas giants in longer-period orbits
Charged and strange hadron elliptic flow in Cu+Cu collisions at = 62.4 and 200 GeV
We present the results of an elliptic flow analysis of Cu+Cu collisions
recorded with the STAR detector at 62.4 and 200GeV. Elliptic flow as a function
of transverse momentum is reported for different collision centralities for
charged hadrons and strangeness containing hadrons , ,
, in the midrapidity region . Significant reduction in
systematic uncertainty of the measurement due to non-flow effects has been
achieved by correlating particles at midrapidity, , with those at
forward rapidity, . We also present azimuthal correlations in
p+p collisions at 200 GeV to help estimating non-flow effects. To study the
system-size dependence of elliptic flow, we present a detailed comparison with
previously published results from Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV. We observe that
() of strange hadrons has similar scaling properties as were
first observed in Au+Au collisions, i.e.: (i) at low transverse momenta,
, scales with transverse kinetic energy, , and
(ii) at intermediate , , it scales with the number of
constituent quarks, . We have found that ideal hydrodynamic calculations
fail to reproduce the centrality dependence of () for
and . Eccentricity scaled values, , are larger
in more central collisions, suggesting stronger collective flow develops in
more central collisions. The comparison with Au+Au collisions which go further
in density shows depend on the system size, number of
participants . This indicates that the ideal hydrodynamic limit is
not reached in Cu+Cu collisions, presumably because the assumption of
thermalization is not attained.Comment: 18 pages, 14 figure
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