Conversion of matrices parameters and the circuit analysis after closing and breaking the arbitrary number of branches

Доведено теорему, яка дозволяє визначати порядок величини визначника, у якого величина довільної кількості елементів нескінченно зростає. Запропоновано метод аналізу електричних схем при замиканні і розмиканні довільного числа віток, користуючись однієї з матриць параметрів вихідної схеми, коли величини окремих параметрів, опорів чи провідностей, зростають до нескінченності.The theorem allowing to define the magnitude order of determinant with infinite value growing of arbitrary quantity of elements is proved. The method of electric circuit analysis after closing and breaking of arbitrary quantity of branches is developed using only one of matrices parameters (conductivity or resistance) the initial circuit. Circuit analysis examples after closing of branch are given, using a matrix of conductivities of the initial circuit. Generally, closing arbitrary number of nodal couples theorem application also allows to find potentials of all nodes and currents of all branches, closed branches inclusively. For this purpose it is necessary to add to the appropriate elements of determinant y value with due sign and to pass to a limit applying the theorem. If the matrix of Z - parameters of the initial circuit is set it is possible to receive dual results, using the proved theorem.Доказана теорема, которая позволяет определять порядок величины определителя, у которого величина произвольного количества элементов растет бесконечно. Предложен метод анализа электрических схем при замыкании и размыкании произвольного числа ветвей, пользуясь одной из матриц параметров исходной схемы, когда величины отдельных параметров, сопротивлений или проводимостей, стремятся к бесконечности

Effects of Aging on Genioglossus Motor Units in Humans

The genioglossus is a major upper airway dilator muscle thought to be important in obstructive sleep apnea pathogenesis. Aging is a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea although the mechanisms are unclear and the effects of aging on motor unit remodeled in the genioglossus remains unknown. To assess possible changes associated with aging we compared quantitative parameters related to motor unit potential morphology derived from EMG signals in a sample of older (n = 11; >55 years) versus younger (n = 29; <55 years) adults. All data were recorded during quiet breathing with the subjects awake. Diagnostic sleep studies (Apnea Hypopnea Index) confirmed the presence or absence of obstructive sleep apnea. Genioglossus EMG signals were analyzed offline by automated software (DQEMG), which estimated a MUP template from each extracted motor unit potential train (MUPT) for both the selective concentric needle and concentric needle macro (CNMACRO) recorded EMG signals. 2074 MUPTs from 40 subjects (mean±95% CI; older AHI 19.6±9.9 events/hr versus younger AHI 30.1±6.1 events/hr) were extracted. MUPs detected in older adults were 32% longer in duration (14.7±0.5 ms versus 11.1±0.2 ms; P = 0.05), with similar amplitudes (395.2±25.1 µV versus 394.6±13.7 µV). Amplitudes of CNMACRO MUPs detected in older adults were larger by 22% (62.7±6.5 µV versus 51.3±3.0 µV; P<0.05), with areas 24% larger (160.6±18.6 µV.ms versus 130.0±7.4 µV.ms; P<0.05) than those detected in younger adults. These results confirm that remodeled motor units are present in the genioglossus muscle of individuals above 55 years, which may have implications for OSA pathogenesis and aging related upper airway collapsibility

Clinical Quantitative Electromyography

No abstract available

Розвиток світоглядно-позиційної готовності майбутніх соціальних педагогів до роботи в закладах ранньої реабілітації

The article presents the results of a theoretical and empirical survey on the development of future social teachers’ readiness to work in the educational establishments of early rehabilitation. The researchers emphasize attention on the worldview and positional component of the future teachers’ readiness, its content, components and diagnostic tools. The author presents own opinion on three consecutive stages of the development of future teachers’ professional worldview development over the entire period of higher education. Based on the results of the empirical evidence, the author proves the effectiveness of the proposed system, which is the convincing reason to use the results in the practice of teachers of the course “Social Pedagogy”.          Key-words: methodological system, professional commitment, research and methodological framework, early rehabilitation establishment, future social care teacher.В статті представлені теоретико-емпіричні результати дослідження проблеми розвитку у майбутніх соціальних педагогів готовності до роботи в закладах ранньої реабілітації. Акцентовано увагу на світоглядно-позиційній складовій готовності, її змісті, компонентному складі та засобах діагностики. Розкрито авторське бачення трьох послідовних етапів становлення професійного світогляду майбутнього фахівця протягом навчання у закладі вищої освіти. На підставі аналізу емпіричного матеріалу доведено ефективність запропонованої автором системи, що є вагомим аргументом для використання здобутих результатів в практичній роботі викладачів спеціалізації «соціальна педагогіка».Ключові слова: професійна підготовка, складові готовності, рання реабілітація, світогляд майбутнього фахівця, науково-методичне забезпечення

Homomorphic Processing of Surface Recorded EMG Signals

Electromyographic (EMG) signals contain both neural and muscle information. Consequently, EMG signals can be modelled as the composition of two component signals, one of these being a low frequency neural input, the other a relatively high frequency, constant spectrally shaped, stationary, unitary muscle response. Utilizing this model and homomorphic processing estimates of the two component signals can be obtained. These estimates contain neural and muscle information respectively. This thesis establishes the basis for the use of this multiplicative model. It also outlines the application of multiplicative homomorphic processing to EMG signals. The results of this processing are shown to be valid and to contain useful information. The thesis concludes that the model is both appropriate and useful. It also points out that the use of this model and homomorphic processing allows the simultaneous extraction of both neural and muscle information from the EMG signal,a result which is not possible with other currently used processing techniques.ThesisMaster of Engineering (ME

The hydrochemical regime and water quality of the Dniester surface water basin

Охарактеризовано гідрохімічний режим та якість води річок транскордонного басейну Дністра (в межах України) за період 1994-2009 рр. під час весняної повені, літньої межені, літньо-осінніх паводків та зимової межені. Використано дані гідрометслужби України за 40 пунктами спостережень. Показано відмінності у формуванні гідрологічного і гідрохімічного режиму в гірський та рівнинній частині басейну, деяких приток (зокрема р. Тисмениця)

До питання про класифікацію зворотних зв`язків у радіоелектронних колах

In the article, necessity of the analysis of conditions when it is possible to neglect direct transfer of a signal through the reversible feedback channel is shown. It allows to define a kind of a feedback correctlyПоказана необходимость анализа условий, при которых можно пренебречь прямой передачей сигнала через обратимый канал обратной передачи. Это позволяет обосновано подойти к определению вида обратной связиПоказана необхідність аналізу умов, за яких можна зневажити прямою передачею сигналу через двобічний канал зворотної передачі, причому потрібно розглядати вплив зворотного зв'язку на вхідні і всі передаточні функції. Це дозволяє обґрунтовано підійти до визначення виду зворотного зв'язк

Failure to expand the motor unit size to compensate for declining motor unit numbers distinguishes sarcopenic from non-sarcopenic older men

Key points: . The age‐related loss of muscle mass is related to the loss of innervating motor neurons and denervation of muscle fibres. . Not all denervated muscle fibres are degraded; some may be reinnervated by an adjacent surviving neuron, which expands the innervating motor unit proportional to the numbers of fibres rescued. . Enlarged motor units have larger motor unit potentials when measured using electrophysiological techniques. . We recorded much larger motor unit potentials in relatively healthy older men compared to young men, but the older men with the smallest muscles (sarcopenia) had smaller motor unit potentials than healthy older men. . These findings suggest that healthy older men reinnervate large numbers of muscle fibres to compensate for declining motor neuron numbers, but a failure to do so contributes to muscle loss in sarcopenic men. Abstract: Sarcopenia results from the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and reduced function in older age. It is likely to be associated with the well‐documented reduction of motor unit numbers innervating limb muscles and the increase in size of surviving motor units via reinnervation of denervated fibres. However, no evidence exists to confirm the extent of motor unit remodelling in sarcopenic individuals. The aim of the present study was to compare motor unit size and number between young (n = 48), non‐sarcopenic old (n = 13), pre‐sarcopenic (n = 53) and sarcopenic (n = 29) men. Motor unit potentials (MUPs) were isolated from intramuscular and surface EMG recordings. The motor unit numbers were reduced in all groups of old compared with young men (all P < 0.001). MUPs were higher in non‐sarcopenic and pre‐sarcopenic men compared with young men (P = 0.039 and 0.001 respectively), but not in the vastus lateralis of sarcopenic old (P = 0.485). The results suggest that extensive motor unit remodelling occurs relatively early during ageing, exceeds the loss of muscle mass and precedes sarcopenia. Reinnervation of denervated muscle fibres probably expands the motor unit size in the non‐sarcopenic and pre‐sarcopenic old, but not in the sarcopenic old. These findings suggest that a failure to expand the motor unit size distinguishes sarcopenic from pre‐sarcopenic muscles

Generative Multiple-Instance Learning Models For Quantitative Electromyography

We present a comprehensive study of the use of generative modeling approaches for Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL) problems. In MIL a learner receives training instances grouped together into bags with labels for the bags only (which might not be correct for the comprised instances). Our work was motivated by the task of facilitating the diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders using sets of motor unit potential trains (MUPTs) detected within a muscle which can be cast as a MIL problem. Our approach leads to a state-of-the-art solution to the problem of muscle classification. By introducing and analyzing generative models for MIL in a general framework and examining a variety of model structures and components, our work also serves as a methodological guide to modelling MIL tasks. We evaluate our proposed methods both on MUPT datasets and on the MUSK1 dataset, one of the most widely used benchmarks for MIL.Comment: Appears in Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI2013