MANEJO DE PACIENTES HEMOFÍLICOS NA CLÍNICA ODONTOLÓGICA - UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA

Abstract: Hemophilia is a genetic condition in which there are changes in the quantity and quality of plasma proteins that act in the blood clotting processes in a hereditary way. Objective: to carry out a scientific survey in the current literature on the management of hemophiliac patients in the dental clinic, highlighting aspects of the theme that answered the guiding question of the integrative review. Methodology: A literature search was carried out through the electronic database PubMed, using the search keywords, “MeSHterm”: “Hemophilia” AND “Dentistry”. The articles were evaluated according to the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria and the Boolean connector “AND” was used. Results and Discussion: Therefore, based on this search strategy, of the 20 articles that met the criteria, only 10 were selected to compose the study, as 10 articles did not address dental management in hemophiliac patients. Therefore, the dental management of hemophiliac patients is centered on hemostasis of the surgical field and on the administration of coagulation factors that are deficient according to the type of hemophilia. Final Considerations: Furthermore, as this is a disease that can involve systemic involvement, it is important to have a multidisciplinary approach, including dentists, hematologists and oral surgeons. Therefore, this integrative literature review included a detailed analysis of 10 articles, focusing on the dental management of hemophiliac patients. The results obtained successfully answered the research's guiding question.Resumen: La hemofilia es una condición genética en la que se producen cambios en la cantidad y calidad de las proteínas plasmáticas que actúan en los procesos de coagulación sanguínea de forma hereditaria. Objetivo: realizar un relevamiento científico en la literatura actual sobre el manejo de pacientes hemofílicos en la clínica dental, destacando aspectos de la temática que respondieron a la pregunta orientadora de la revisión integradora. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica a través de la base de datos electrónica PubMed, utilizando las palabras clave de búsqueda, “MeSHterm”: “Hemofilia” Y “Odontología”. Los artículos fueron evaluados según los criterios de inclusión y exclusión preestablecidos y se utilizó el conector booleano “Y”. Resultados y Discusión: Por lo tanto, con base en esta estrategia de búsqueda, de los 20 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios, solo 10 fueron seleccionados para componer el estudio, ya que 10 artículos no abordaron el manejo dental en pacientes hemofílicos. Por tanto, el manejo odontológico de los pacientes hemofílicos se centra en la hemostasia del campo quirúrgico y en la administración de factores de coagulación deficientes según el tipo de hemofilia. Consideraciones finales: Además, dado que se trata de una enfermedad que puede implicar afectación sistémica, es importante tener un abordaje multidisciplinario, incluyendo dentistas, hematólogos y cirujanos orales. Por lo tanto, esta revisión integradora de la literatura incluyó un análisis detallado de 10 artículos, enfocándose en el manejo dental de pacientes hemofílicos. Los resultados obtenidos respondieron con éxito a la pregunta orientadora de la investigación.Resumo: A hemofilia é uma condição genética em que ocorre alterações na quantidade e qualidade de proteínas plasmáticas que atuam nos processos de coagulação sanguínea de forma hereditária. Objetivo: fazer um levantamento científico na literatura atual sobre o manejo de pacientes hemofílicos na clínica odontológica, evidenciando aspectos da temática que respondessem à pergunta norteadora da revisão integrativa. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma busca da literatura através da base de dados eletrônicas PubMed, utilizando as palavras-chave para pesquisa, “MeSHterm”: “Hemophilia” AND “Dentistry”. Os artigos foram avaliados quanto aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão pré-estabelecidos e utilizou-se do conector booleano “AND’’. Resultados e Discussão: Portanto, a partir dessa estratégia de busca, dos 20 artigos que se adequaram aos critérios, apenas 10 foram selecionados para compor o estudo, já que 10 artigos não abordavam o manejo odontológico frente aos pacientes hemofílicos. Sendo assim, o manejo odontológico dos pacientes hemofílicos é centrado na hemostasia do campo cirúrgico e na administração de fatores de coagulação que se apresentam deficientes de acordo com o tipo de hemofilia. Considerações Finais: Ademais, por se tratar de uma doença que pode envolver comprometimento sistêmico, é importante que haja uma abordagem multidisciplinar incluindo dentistas, hematologistas e cirurgiões orais. Logo, a presente revisão integrativa de literatura contou com a análise detalhada de 10 artigos, com enfoque no manejo odontológico de pacientes hemofílicos. Os resultados obtidos responderam com êxito a pergunta norteadora da pesquisa

Manejo da hanseníase na atenção primária: diagnóstico e tratamento / Leprosy management in primary care: diagnosis and treatment

A Hanseníase é uma patologia de evolução alongada, e seu agente causador é o Mycobacterium leprae. Seus sinais e sintomas são no nível dermatoneurológico. Nesse contexto, esse estudo tem por objetivo geral analisar por meio da pesquisa baseada em evidências - PBE- achados da literatura, sobre estigmas que envolvem pacientes com hanseníase e praticas da educação em saude durante o tratamento na atenção básica. Pesquisa baseada em evidências, utilizando os indexadores Pubmed, Scielo e Cohcrane com os seguintes filtros: resumo abstract, textos open access, idioma português e inglês, período 2016 a 2021. Também foram utilizados manuais e boletins epidemiológicos disponíveis na página do Ministério da Saúde. O material foi selecionado de modo a buscar responder os objetivos dessa pesquisa e portanto utilizou os descritores em saúde: hanseníase, atenção básica, diagnóstico, tratamento. Foram abordadas práticas de educação em saude que envolvem orientações e estigmas em saude. Entende-se que o manejo da hanseníase envolve sensibilidade, consciência e sobretudo conhecimento embasado para consubstanciar a prática clínica

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

GeLC-MS-based proteomics of Chromobacterium violaceum: comparison of proteome changes elicited by hydrogen peroxide

Submitted by Luciane Willcox ([email protected]) on 2017-04-17T15:41:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GeLC-MS-based proteomics of.pdf: 936344 bytes, checksum: b9b5f5a3e8498a64bfb00b1d91d1fe12 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Manoel Barata ([email protected]) on 2017-07-28T16:16:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GeLC-MS-based proteomics of.pdf: 936344 bytes, checksum: b9b5f5a3e8498a64bfb00b1d91d1fe12 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-28T16:16:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GeLC-MS-based proteomics of.pdf: 936344 bytes, checksum: b9b5f5a3e8498a64bfb00b1d91d1fe12 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Centro de Biociências. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica. Natal, RN, Brasil.Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN). RN, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco. Colegiado de Medicina. Petrolina, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Carlos Chagas. Laboratório de Proteômica e Engenharia de Proteínas. Curitiba, PR, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Centro de Tecnologia. Laboratório de Química de Proteínas. Unidade Proteômica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Centro de Tecnologia. Laboratório de Química de Proteínas. Unidade Proteômica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Centro de Tecnologia. Laboratório de Química de Proteínas. Unidade Proteômica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Centro de Biociências. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica. Natal, RN, Brasil.Chromobacterium violaceum is a free-living bacillus with several genes that enables it survival under different harsh environments such as oxidative and temperature stresses. Here we performed a labelfree quantitative proteomic study to unravel the molecular mechanisms that enable C. violaceum to survive oxidative stress. To achieve this, total proteins extracted from control and C. violaceum cultures exposed during two hours with 8mM hydrogen peroxide were analyzed using GeLC-MS proteomics. Analysis revealed that under the stress condition, the bacterium expressed proteins that protected it from the damage caused by reactive oxygen condition and decreasing the abundance of proteins responsible for bacterial growth and catabolism. GeLC-MS proteomics analysis provided an overview of the metabolic pathways involved in the response of C. violaceum to oxidative stress ultimately aggregating knowledge of the response of this organism to environmental stress. This study identified approximately 1500 proteins, generating the largest proteomic coverage of C. violaceum so far. We also detected proteins with unknown function that we hypothesize to be part of new mechanisms related to oxidative stress defense. Finally, we identified the mechanism of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), which has not yet been reported for this organism

Identification of a Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus Strain Isolated from Pigeons (Columbia livia) in Northeastern Brazil Using Next-Generation Genome Sequencing

Newcastle disease virus (NDV), also known as avian paramyxoviruses 1 (APMV-1) is among the most important viruses infecting avian species. Given its widespread circulation, there is a high risk for the reintroduction of virulent strains into the domestic poultry industry, making the surveillance of wild and domestic birds a crucial process to appropriately respond to novel outbreaks. In the present study, we investigated an outbreak characterized by the identification of sick pigeons in a large municipality in Northeastern Brazil in 2018. The affected pigeons presented neurological signs, including motor incoordination, torticollis, and lethargy. Moribund birds were collected, and through a detailed histopathological analysis we identified severe lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalitis with perivascular cuffs and gliosis in the central nervous system, and lymphoplasmacytic inflammation in the liver, kidney, and intestine. A total of five pigeons tested positive for NDV, as assessed by rRT-PCR targeted to the M gene. Laboratory virus isolation on Vero E6 cells confirmed infection, after the recovery of infectious NVD from brain and kidney tissues. We next characterized the isolated NDV/pigeon/PE-Brazil/MP003/2018 by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Phylogenetic analysis grouped the virus with other NDV class II isolates from subgenotype VI.2.1.2, including two previous NDV isolates from Brazil in 2014 and 2019. The diversity of aminoacid residues at the fusion F protein cleavage site was analyzed identifying the motif RRQKR↓F, typical of virulent strains. Our results all highlight the importance of virus surveillance in wild and domestic birds, especially given the risk of zoonotic NDV

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data