El sistema de transportes del suroeste peninsular en época romana. Análisis del funcionamiento de sus infraestructuras

Trabajo presentado al VI Encuentro de Arqueología del Suroeste Peninsular, celebrado en Villafranca de los Barros (Badajoz) del 4 al 6 de octubre de 2012.[ES]: La red de transportes en el Imperio Romano, que englobaba las rutas marítimas, fluviales y terrestres, sirvió para ordenar y organizar los distintos territorios que iban siendo anexionados. Gracias a esta gran red de transportes se pudo mantener la cohesión de una gran extensión territorial, permitiendo la circulación de noticias, personas y mercancías. El análisis de su configuración y funcionamiento nos permiten obtener un nuevo punto de vista acerca de la organización territorial y los transportes, en este caso del Suroeste peninsular en época romana. [EN]: The Roman transportation network, which included the sea, river and land routes, served to order and organize the different territories that were being annexed. Thanks to this great transportation network it was possible to maintain the cohesion of a vast territory allowing the circulation of news, people and goods. The analysis of its configuration and functioning allows us to obtain a new point of view on the territorial organization and transportation, in this case in the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula in Roman times.[EN]: The Roman transportation network, which included the sea, river and land routes, served to order and organize the different territories that were being annexed. Thanks to this great transportation network it was possible to maintain the cohesion of a vast territory allowing the circulation of news, people and goods. The analysis of its configuration and functioning allows us to obtain a new point of view on the territorial organization and transportation, in this case in the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula in Roman times.Peer Reviewe

Quantifying the Roman transport networks. Understanding the costs of Roman commerce using innovative GIS-based applications for archaeology

Trabajo presentado al Leipzig eHumanities Seminar celebrado el 12 de diciembre de 2012 en Leipzig (Alemania).Peer Reviewe

Linking early geospatial documents, one place at a time: annotation of geographic documents with Recogito

Recogito is an open source tool for the semi-automatic annotation of place references in maps and texts. It was developed as part of the Pelagios 3 research project, which aims to build up a comprehensive directory of places referred to in early maps and geographic writing predating the year 1492. Pelagios 3 focuses specifically on sources from the Classical Latin, Greek and Byzantine periods; on Mappae Mundi and narrative texts from the European Medieval period; on Late Medieval Portolans; and on maps and texts from the early Islamic and early Chinese traditions. Since the start of the project in September 2013, the team has harvested more than 120,000 toponyms, manually verifying almost 60,000 of them. Furthermore, the team held two public annotation workshops supported through the Open Humanities Awards 2014. In these workshops, a mixed audience of students and academics of different backgrounds used Recogito to add several thousand contributions on each workshop day. A number of benefits arise out of this work: on the one hand, the digital identification of places – and the names used for them – makes the documents' contents amenable to information retrieval technology, i.e. documents become more easily search- and discoverable to users than through conventional metadata-based search alone. On the other hand, the documents are opened up to new forms of re-use. For example, it becomes possible to “map” and compare the narrative of texts, and the contents of maps with modern day tools like Web maps and GIS; or to analyze and contrast documents’ geographic properties, toponymy and spatial relationships. Seen in a wider context, we argue that initiatives such as ours contribute to the growing ecosystem of the “Graph of Humanities Data” that is gathering pace in the Digital Humanities (linking data about people, places, events, canonical references, etc.), which has the potential to open up new avenues for computational and quantitative research in a variety of fields including History, Geography, Archaeology, Classics, Genealogy and Modern Languages

La movilidad en época romana en Hispania: aplicaciones de análisis de redes (SIG) para el estudio diacrónico de las infraestructuras de transporte

La movilidad es uno de los factores claves a la hora de entender el grado de complementariedad y cohesión de cualquier Estado. Las políticas de infraestructuras de transporte modelan junto con las con las condiciones geográficas esta movilidad. Este artículo trata de analizar la movilidad en la Península Ibérica a lo largo del tiempo, desde época romana al siglo XVIII a través del uso de aplicaciones de redes de SIG (Sistemas de Información Geográfica

APROXIMACIONES CUANTITATIVAS EN EL ESTUDIO DE LAS VÍAS ROMANAS. LA MOVILIDAD Y LOS COSTES DE TRANSPORTE A PARTIR DE NETWORK SCIENCE

Transport networks offer a set of information that helps to understand various aspects of the reality of our past. This paper discusses how through the use of Network Analysis it is possible to obtain new information about such fundamental aspects as cost transport, the distance-time travel relationship or the design and organization complexity of mobility in ancient territories. All these aspects can be related to the Roman economy, politics and society.Las redes de transporte ofrecen un conjunto de información que ayuda a comprender la realidad de nuestro pasado a partir de aspectos vinculados a la economía, la política o la sociedad. En este artículo se aborda cómo, a través del uso del Análisis de redes, es posible obtener información nueva acerca de aspectos tan fundamentales como el transporte de mercancías, la relación distancia-tiempo de viaje o la complejidad del diseño y organización de la movilidad de territorio en la antigüedad. Todos estos aspectos pueden relacionarse con la economía, la política y la sociedad romanas

Anàlisi de la xarxa de transport a la Catalunya romana : alguns apunts

Les xarxes històriques de transport sempre proporcionen les traces fossilitzades de les rutes comercials del passat. El present estudi de la xarxa de transport romà a Catalunya tracta de donar nova llum sobre la infraestructura econòmica d'aquesta regió del NE de la Tarraconense. Les conclusions de l'estudi revelen que la xarxa romana i els seus nodes eren una mica diferent dels actuals.Historic transport networks always provide fossilized traces of past commercial routes. The present study of the Roman transport network in Catalonia attempts to shed new light on the economical infrastructure of this region of NE Tarraconense. Conclusions of this study reveal that the Roman network and its main nodes were a bit different from the actual ones

Methodological proposals for the study of ancient rural landscapes in the central area of the Contestania

[EN]: In this paper we have two main objectives. The first is the presentation of fieldwork and geophysics assisted with GPS, GIS and other Spatial Technologies applied to archaeological research. The advantage of this approach is the scarce aggression to soils and environment and the request of smaller economic and temporary resources than other archaeological fieldwork. The second objective is to reflect on ancient land uses, the diachronic sequence and structure of a complex Iberian Iron Age and Roman site of long duration (3rd cent. BC to 7th cent. AD). The accurate mapping of dispersion of the archaeological record allows this kind of historical analysis.[ES]: Este trabajo tiene un doble propósito. Por una parte, se presentan métodos de prospección superficial, geofísica y sondeos que han estado asistidos con tecnologías geoespaciales aplicadas a la Arqueología. Este tipo de intervención destaca por su escasa agresión al subsuelo y al entorno y el requerimiento de recursos temporales y económicos menores a los de otras intervenciones arqueológicas. El segundo objetivo es reflexionar sobre los usos antiguos del suelo, la diacronía y la forma de ocupación de un complejo asentamiento que se data entre los siglos III a. C. y VII d. C., más allá del concepto puntual de yacimiento. Este análisis histórico-arqueológico se puede realizar gracias al registro en detalle de la dispersión de vestigios materiales.Peer Reviewe

Pelagios and the emerging graph of ancient world data

This paper discusses an emerging cloud of Linked Open Data in the humanities sometimes referred to as the Graph of Ancient World Data (GAWD). It provides historical back- ground to the domain, before gong on to describe the open and decentralised characteristics which have partially characterised its development. This is done principally through the lens of Pelagios, a collaborative initiative led by the authors which connects online historical resources based on common references to places. The benefits and limitations of the approach are evaluated, in particular its low barrier to entry, open architecture and restricted scope. The paper concludes with a number of suggestion for encouraging the adoption of Linked Open Data within other humanities communities and beyond

Circuits comercials a Iulia Lybica (Llívia) : visions a partir de les ceràmiques i els marbres

Les darreres excavacions en la ciutat romana de Iulia Lybica (Llívia) des del 2013 al 2015 van proporcionar noves dades sobre el forum de la ciutat. La major part de les excavacacions recents combinades amb la geofísica defineixen quasi completament la distribució del fòrum excepte en la part sud. A més a més, aquestes excavacions han subministrat bons conjunts ceràmics i marbre que ens permeten entendre l'evolució comercial de la ciutat. Aquest article pretén analitzar aquesta evidència material en certs detalls per detectar pautes de consum i d'aprovisionament d'aquest municipi romà. És especialment interessant l'aprovisionament de marbre donat que la majoria del material trobat procedeix de les pedreres del sud de la Gàl·lia amb dificultat de comunicació amb Iulia Lybica. De la mateixa manera, el conjunt ceràmic revela uns forts contactes amb centres productors gals de ceràmica fina i comuna. Aquesta dependència de l'aprovisionament gal ens ha obligat a analitzar les infraestructures de transport d'aquesta àrea central dels Pirineus i com els costos podien modelar l'accés a determinats productes.The latest archaeological excavations at the Roman city of Iulia Lybia (Llívia) between 2013 and 2015 offer new insight its forum. The recent excavations combined with geophysical surveys yielded most of the forum's floorplan (except in the southern part). Furthermore, the excavations uncovered assemblages of pottery and marble that offer information toward understanding the commercial evolution of the city. The current study attempts to analyse this material evidence in detail in order to identify patterns of consumption and supply of this Roman municipium. The source of the marble is particularly interesting since most comes from quarries in Southern Gaul, a region poorly communicated with Iulia Lybica. Likewise, the pottery assemblage reveals intense contacts with Gallic fine and coarseware workshops. The dependence on Gaul as a source of products lead us to analyse the infrastructure of transport through this central area of the Pyrenees and how costs could influence the access to particular products

Urban design in the Regio IV of Complutum (Alcalá de Henares). Studies based on geophysical prospection

Se presenta la investigación realizada sobre la traza urbana de la regio IV de la ciudad romana de Complutum. Se realiza una prospección eléctrica acompañada por el estudio de algunos restos excavados recientemente y de la documentación procedente de excavaciones del siglo XIX. Como resultado, ha sido posible generar una nueva propuesta de diseño urbano para la regio IV, basada en una trama ortogonal de insulae de 30x30 m, e identificar diversas estructuras entre las que destaca un edificio singular que con todas las precauciones debidas podría tratarse de un santuario urbano de importantes dimensiones.The paper shows the research on the urban pattern of the regio IV of the Roman city of Complutum: a geophysical survey accompanied by the study of some archaeological remains recently excavated, and the documentation from some 19th century excavations. Therefore, it has been possible to generate a new urban design proposal for the regio IV, and to identify different archaeological buildings, specially one that might have been an urban sanctuary of important dimensions