Real-time wavefront reconstruction from intensity measurements

We propose an efficient approximation to the nonlinear phase diversity method for wavefront reconstruction from intensity measurements. The new method, iterative linear phase diversity (ILPD), assumes that the residual phase aberration is small and makes use of a first order Taylor expansion of the point spread function (PSF) performed for an arbitrary (large) diversity in order to optimize the phase retrieval. For static aberrations, ILPD makes use of two images collected at each iteration of the algorithm. In each step, the residual phase aberrations are estimated by solving a linear least squares problem, followed by the use of a deformable mirror to correct for the aberrations. A further contribution of the paper is the extension of the static ILPD to the case of dynamic wavefront reconstruction for which a computationally efficient H2 controller is presented.Delft Center for Systems and ControlMechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineerin

The development and evaluation of exercises in meaningful word practice in first grade,

Research chapter for this study will be found in Ash, Dorothea: "Development and evaluation of silent reading exercises in grade one" Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

Multi-label classification using ensembles of pruned sets

This paper presents a Pruned Sets method (PS) for multi-label classification. It is centred on the concept of treating sets of labels as single labels. This allows the classification process to inherently take into account correlations between labels. By pruning these sets, PS focuses only on the most important correlations, which reduces complexity and improves accuracy. By combining pruned sets in an ensemble scheme (EPS), new label sets can be formed to adapt to irregular or complex data. The results from experimental evaluation on a variety of multi-label datasets show that [E]PS can achieve better performance and train much faster than other multi-label methods

Estimating the Predictive Value of Negative SARS-CoV-2 Results: A Prospective Study

© 2020 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved. We performed a prospective study of 501 patients, regardless of symptoms, admitted to the hospital, to estimate the predictive value of a negative Nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2. At a positivity rate of 10.2%, the estimated Negative Predictive Value (NPV) was 97.2% and NPV rose as prevalence decreased during the study

The redmapper galaxy cluster catalog from DES Science Verification data

We describe updates to the redMaPPer algorithm, a photometric red-sequence cluster finder specifically designed for large photometric surveys. The updated algorithm is applied to 150 {{deg}}2 of Science Verification (SV) data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), and to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR8 photometric data set. The DES SV catalog is locally volume limited and contains 786 clusters with richness lambda \gt 20 (roughly equivalent to {M}{{500c}}≳ {10}14 {h}70-1 {M}o ) and 0.2\lt z\lt 0.9. The DR8 catalog consists of 26,311 clusters with 0.08\lt z\lt 0.6, with a sharply increasing richness threshold as a function of redshift for z≳ 0.35. The photometric redshift performance of both catalogs is shown to be excellent, with photometric redshift uncertainties controlled at the {sigma }z/(1+z)~ 0.01 level for z≲ 0.7, rising to ~0.02 at z~ 0.9 in DES SV. We make use of Chandra and XMM X-ray and South Pole Telescope Sunyaev--Zeldovich data to show that the centering performance and mass--richness scatter are consistent with expectations based on prior runs of redMaPPer on SDSS data. We also show how the redMaPPer photo-z and richness estimates are relatively insensitive to imperfect star/galaxy separation and small-scale star masks

Attachment Theory: Developments, Debates and Recent Applications in Social Work, Social Care and Education

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Social Work Practice on 16/12/2019, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/02650533.2019.1700493.Attachment theory may be considered controversial given that some of its foundational principles are contested. Not only this, it is currently being developed by insights from neuroscience, another perspective that academics have subjected to critique. Nevertheless, at the beginning of the twenty-first century in England and the United Kingdom in general, there has been a renewed interest in its explanation of child development, as well as its application in schools, social care settings and the practice of professionals such as social workers and teachers. This paper outlines the core principles of attachment theory, acknowledges some of the criticisms, then traces the ways in which the theory has been developed over time. The theory is then illustrated with a description of the ways in which it is being applied in the training of foster carers, the provision of support to adoptive parents and in the school environment

Climate change effects on phytoplankton depend on cell size and food web structure

We investigated the effects of warming on a natural phytoplankton community from the Baltic Sea, based on six mesocosm experiments conducted 2005–2009. We focused on differences in the dynamics of three phytoplankton size groups which are grazed to a variable extent by different zooplankton groups. While small-sized algae were mostly grazer-controlled, light and nutrient availability largely determined the growth of medium- and large-sized algae. Thus, the latter groups dominated at increased light levels. Warming increased mesozooplankton grazing on medium-sized algae, reducing their biomass. The biomass of small-sized algae was not affected by temperature, probably due to an interplay between indirect effects spreading through the food web. Thus, under the higher temperature and lower light levels anticipated for the next decades in the southern Baltic Sea, a higher share of smaller phytoplankton is expected. We conclude that considering the size structure of the phytoplankton community strongly improves the reliability of projections of climate change effects

Competitive Benchmarking: An IS Research Approach to Address Wicked Problems with Big Data and Analytics

Wicked problems like sustainable energy and financial market stability are societal challenges that arise from complex socio-technical systems in which numerous social, economic, political, and technical factors interact. Understanding and mitigating them requires research methods that scale beyond the traditional areas of inquiry of Information Systems (IS) “individuals, organizations, and markets” and that deliver solutions in addition to insights. We describe an approach to address these challenges through Competitive Benchmarking (CB), a novel research method that helps interdisciplinary research communities to tackle complex challenges of societal scale by using different types of data from a variety of sources such as usage data from customers, production patterns from producers, public policy and regulatory constraints, etc. for a given instantiation. Further, the CB platform generates data that can be used to improve operational strategies and judge the effectiveness of regulatory regimes and policies. We describe our experience applying CB to the sustainable energy challenge in the Power Trading Agent Competition (Power TAC) in which more than a dozen research groups from around the world jointly devise, benchmark, and improve IS-based solutions

Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]