Explanation of the Normal Winter Anomaly from the Seasonal Variation of Short Wave Absorption

The frequency dependence of the winter anomaly (WA) of radio wave absorption indicates the altitude range where the considered seasonal variation of absorption, L, takes place: 75-95 km. In this height region considerable seasonal variations of ionic composition and effective recombination coefficient, alpha sub e, exist, which can cause seasonal variations of electron concentration, N, and absorption, L. An attempt to render a qualitative estimation of the normal WA, i.e., the increased ratio of winter over summer absorption, L sub w/L sub s, at medium latitudes 40 deg and 50 deg, for solar zenith angles CHi = 60 deg and 75 deg is made. This is compared with existing experimental data

Evaluation of Carbon Assimilation by Regenerating Soils of the Central Black Earth Region of Russia

The study presents the options for the estimation of soil assimilation rates with carbon regenerating after an anthropogenic influence in the Central Black Earth region of Russia. The evaluation methodology is based on the use of mathematical models of the trend component processes for the humus horizon and humus accumulation development in Forest-Steppe Black Earth area

Shell-model description of monopole shift in neutron-rich Cu

Variations in the nuclear mean-field, in neutron-rich nuclei, are investigated within the framework of the nuclear shell model. The change is identified to originate mainly from the monopole part of the effective two-body proton-neutron interaction. Applications for the low-lying states in odd-$A$ Cu nuclei are presented. We compare the results using both schematic and realistic forces. We also compare the monopole shifts with the results obtained from large-scale shell-model calculations, using the same realistic interaction, in order to study two-body correlations beyond the proton mean-field variations.Comment: Phys. Rev. C (in press

Uso de tecnologia de treinamento na preparação de estudantes de especialidades de engenharia

The content of higher education is influenced by the market economy, computerization and technological development of society. To discover the potential of students, new approaches to learning are required. In Russia, in the field of vocational education, the technology of project training is implemented, which meets the new emerging requirements of the state and society. Project training technology contributes to the most productive training of students as highly qualified specialists, and also allows them to consciously address their activities, establish professional tasks and perform them independently. The purpose of the article is to consider the experience of using technology in the training of projects in graduates of engineering specialties. As a result of the theoretical analysis of the pedagogical literature, we selected the pedagogical conditions for the implementation of these technologies (didactic, psychological, social, pedagogical, organizational and pedagogical). At the Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after Kozma Minin, the study was conducted among the students on the "Construction" and "Technology" training profiles. The total number of respondents was 212 people. According to the data received, 88% of the students noticed the effectiveness of the application of the project method in the study of the graphic disciplines, 72% indicated that the design method promotes a deeper study of the material. In general, the experiment showed that the level of training using the project's training technology was significantly higher.El contenido de la educación superior está influenciado por la economía de Mercado, la informatización y el desarrollo tecnológico de la sociedad. Para descubrir el potencial de los estudiantes, se requieren nuevos enfoques para el aprendizaje. En Rusia, en el campo de la educación vocacional, se implementa la tecnología de capacitación de proyectos, que cumple con los nuevos requisitos emergentes del estado y la sociedad. La tecnología de capacitación en proyectos contribuye a la formación más productiva de los estudiantes como especialistas altamente calificados, y también les permite abordar conscientemente sus actividades, poder establecer tareas profesionales y realizarlas de manera independiente. El propósito del artículo es considerar la experiencia de utilizar la tecnología en la capacitación de proyectos en graduados de especialidades de ingeniería. Como resultado del análisis teórico de la literatura pedagógica, seleccionamos las condiciones pedagógicas para la implementación de estas tecnologías (didáctica, psicológica, social, pedagógica, organizativa y pedagógica). En la Universidad Pedagógica Estatal de Nizhny Novgorod que lleva el nombre de Kozma Minin, el estudio se realizó entre los estudiantes sobre los perfiles de capacitación "Construcción" y "Tecnología". El número total de encuestados fue de 212 personas. De acuerdo con los datos recibidos, el 88% de los estudiantes notó la efectividad de la aplicación del método del proyecto en el estudio de las disciplinas gráficas, el 72% indicó que el método de diseño promueve un estudio más profundo del material. En general, el experimento mostró que el nivel de capacitación utilizando la tecnología de capacitación del proyecto fue significativamente mayor.O conteúdo do ensino superior é influenciado pela economia de mercado, informatização e desenvolvimento tecnológico da sociedade. Para descobrir o potencial dos estudantes, novas abordagens para a aprendizagem são necessárias. Na Rússia, no campo da educação profissional, implementa-se a tecnologia de treinamento em projetos, que atende às novas exigências emergentes do estado e da sociedade. A tecnologia de treinamento do projeto contribui para a formação mais produtiva dos alunos como especialistas altamente qualificados, e também permite que eles abordem conscientemente suas atividades, estabeleçam tarefas profissionais e as executem de forma independente. O objetivo do artigo é considerar a experiência de usar a tecnologia na formação de projetos em graduados de especialidades de engenharia. Como resultado da análise teórica da literatura pedagógica, selecionamos as condições pedagógicas para a implementação dessas tecnologias (didáticas, psicológicas, sociais, pedagógicas, organizacionais e pedagógicas). Na Universidade Pedagógica do Estado de Nizhny Novgorod, em homenagem a Kozma Minin, o estudo foi conduzido entre os estudantes nos perfis de treinamento "Construção" e "Tecnologia". O número total de entrevistados foi de 212 pessoas. De acordo com os dados recebidos, 88% dos estudantes notaram a eficácia da aplicação do método de projeto no estudo das disciplinas gráficas, 72% indicaram que o método de projeto promove um estudo mais profundo do material. Em geral, o experimento mostrou que o nível de treinamento usando a tecnologia de treinamento do projeto foi significativamente maior

The beta-decay of 22Al

In an experiment performed at the LISE3 facility of GANIL, we studied the decay of 22Al produced by the fragmentation of a 36Ar primary beam. A beta-decay half-life of 91.1 +- 0.5 ms was measured. The beta-delayed one- and two-proton emission as well as beta-alpha and beta-delayed gamma decays were measured and allowed us to establish a partial decay scheme for this nucleus. New levels were determined in the daughter nucleus 22Mg. The comparison with model calculations strongly favours a spin-parity of 4+ for the ground state of 22Al

Extended M1 sum rule for excited symmetric and mixed-symmetry states in nuclei

A generalized M1 sum rule for orbital magnetic dipole strength from excited symmetric states to mixed-symmetry states is considered within the proton-neutron interacting boson model of even-even nuclei. Analytic expressions for the dominant terms in the B(M1) transition rates from the first and second $2^+$ states are derived in the U(5) and SO(6) dynamic symmetry limits of the model, and the applicability of a sum rule approach is examined at and in-between these limits. Lastly, the sum rule is applied to the new data on mixed-symmetry states of 94Mo and a quadrupole d-boson ratio $nd(0^+_1)/nd(2^+_2) \approx 0.6$ is obtained in a largely parameter-independent wayComment: 19 pages, 3 figures, Revte

Component composition of the body in children with chronic kidney disease according to the results of bioimpedansometry

Body composition reflects the dynamic processes in a child’s development. The recommended restrictive diets for patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) contribute to a high risk of sarcopenic muscle wasting as diagnosed by bioimpedancemetry.The aim of the study. To assess BMI and body composition in children with CKD, to identify features of body composition in patients with different BMI Z-score values.Materials and methods. The physical development of 110 children with CKD of different stages was assessed. Patients were divided into two clusters: Group 1 (92 children) with BMI from 10.95 to 21.5 kg/m2, BMI Z-score did not exceed +2.0 (without obesity); Group 2 (18 children) – BMI from 24.11 to 37.2 kg/m2, Z-score BMI – more than +2.0 (obese). All underwent bioimpedancemetry, the proportion of fat and active cell mass was assessed. The comparison was carried out by nonparametric statistics methods.Results. Changes in body composition were revealed: children without obesity had severe protein-energy deficiency in 7 cases (7.6 %). The difference in the proportion of fat mass in children of different groups, Me [Q1; Q3]: Group 1 – 18.00 % [14.00; 22.00], Group 2 – 35.00 % [21.98; 41.00], (Mann – Whitney U-test: U = 279.5, p = 0.00001). In Group 1, the active cell mass was 53.50 % [51.00; 56.00], in Group 2 – 41.50 % [39.00; 47.00] (U = 174.5, p = 0.000001), there were no significant differences in other parameters of bioimpedancemetry.Conclusions. The proportion of active cell mass is lower in overweight children, with a significant predominance of the proportion of fat mass, which indicates the depletion of protein reserves due to their redistribution and possible insufficient alimentary intake in advanced stages of CKD

Delineating Electrogenic Reactions during Lactose/H+ Symport†

Electrogenic reactions accompanying downhill lactose/H+ symport catalyzed by the lactose permease of Escherichia coli (LacY) have been assessed using solid-supported membrane-based electrophysiology with improved time resolution. Rates of charge translocation generated by purified LacY reconstituted into proteoliposomes were analyzed over a pH range from 5.2 to 8.5, which allows characterization of two electrogenic steps in the transport mechanism: (i) a weak electrogenic reaction triggered by sugar binding and observed under conditions where H+ translocation is abolished either by acidic pH or by a Glu325 -> Ala mutation in the H+ binding site (this step with a rate constant of ~200 s-1 for wildtype LacY leads to an intermediate proposed to represent an “occluded” state) and (ii) a major electrogenic reaction corresponding to 94% of the total charge translocated at pH 8, which is pH-dependent with a maximum rate of ~30 s-1 and a pK of 7.5. This partial reaction is assigned to rate-limiting H+ release on the cytoplasmic side of LacY during turnover. These findings together with previous electrophysiological results and biochemical-biophysical studies are included in an overall kinetic mechanism that allows delineation of the electrogenic steps in the reaction pathway