Liberdades interpretativas identificadas nas performances do “Concertino para clarineta e orquestra” de Francisco Mignone.

Este artigo estuda as liberdades interpretativas identificadas em um grupo de clarinetistas brasileiros, oriundas da interação entre intérprete e obra, comparando a performance do grupo de clarinetistas com as informações descritas na partitura da obra

Clinical and radiographic features of pycnodysostosis : a case report

Pycnodysostosis is a rare disorder that was first described in 1962; however, it was only in 1996 that the defective gene was discovered, which led to a better understanding of this disease. This study reports and discuss a case of pycnodysostosis. In addition, a search of articles published in PubMed-Medline was performed. The case was a 13-year-old girl who was referred to a private clinic for dental treatment. Clinical examination showed midface hypoplasia, prominent cheeks, a high nasal bridge, beaked nose, spoon-shaped fingers, frontal bossing, open fontanelles and dental alterations, findings compatible with pycnodysostosis. Patients with this disease also suffer from fractures because of bone hardness with almost no elasticity, a fact that requires special care particularly in the case of children and adolescents. The diagnosis of pycnodysostosis is made based on clinical and radiographic findings. Clinicians should be aware of this disorder to provide adequate dental treatment

The influence of genetic stability on Aspergillus fumigatus virulence and azole resistance

Genetic stability is extremely important for the survival of every living organism, and a very complex set of genes has evolved to cope with DNA repair upon DNA damage. Here, we investigated the Aspergillus fumigatus AtmA (Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated, ATM) and AtrA kinases, and how they impact virulence and the evolution of azole resistance. We demonstrated that A. fumigatus atmA and atrA null mutants are haploid and have a discrete chromosomal polymorphism. The ?atmA and ?atrA strains are sensitive to several DNA-damaging agents, but surprisingly both strains were more resistant than the wild-type strain to paraquat, menadione, and hydrogen peroxide. The atmA and atrA genes showed synthetic lethality emphasizing the cooperation between both enzymes and their consequent redundancy. The lack of atmA and atrA does not cause any significant virulence reduction in A. fumigatus in a neutropenic murine model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and in the invertebrate alternative model Galleria mellonela. Wild-type, ?atmA, and ?atrA populations that were previously transferred 10 times in minimal medium (MM) in the absence of voriconazole have not shown any significant changes in drug resistance acquisition. In contrast, ?atmA and ?atrA populations that similarly evolved in the presence of a subinhibitory concentration of voriconazole showed an ~5-10-fold increase when compared to the original minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. There are discrete alterations in the voriconazole target Cyp51A/Erg11A or cyp51/erg11 and/or Cdr1B efflux transporter overexpression that do not seem to be the main mechanisms to explain voriconazole resistance in these evolved populations. Taken together, these results suggest that genetic instability caused by ?atmA and ?atrA mutations can confer an adaptive advantage, mainly in the intensity of voriconazole resistance acquisition.We thank the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientí fi co e Tecnológico, Brazil, for fi nancial support. F.R. and B.H.F. were supported by the Northern Portugal Regional Operational Program (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000013)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Multi-functional egg white hydrolysate prevent hypertension and vascular dysfunction induced by cadmium in rats

We have investigated if EWH could counteract or prevent cardiovascular damage induced by high level of Cd exposure in rats. Male Wistar rats were treated for 14 days with: (A) Untreated - intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of distilled water and tap water by gavage; (B) Cd − 1 mg/kg of bw/day of CdCl2 (i.p.) and tap water by gavage; (C) EWH – distilled water (i.p.) and 1 mg/kg/day of EWH by gavage; (D) CdEWH – both treatments. EWH prevented the increase on systolic blood pressure, vascular dysfunction, and inflammation after Cd exposure; prevent the activation of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and its derived contractile protanoids, inhibits angiotensin II by the reduction of ACE activity and prevents the increased oxidative stress mainly mediated by NADPH oxidase. Multifunctional EWH could be considered as a natural alternative therapy to counteract the deleterious effects caused by high level of Cd exposure.Supported by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq [Edital Universal/CNPq No 44181/2014-9 and PQ/CNPq 311834/2020-5]; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Rio Grande do Sul - FAPERGS/ Brazil [PQG:19/2551-0001810-0]; Programa Nacional de Cooperação Acadêmica; Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa - Universidade Federal do Pampa [N. 20180615102630]; FAPES/CNPq/PRONEX [N. 80598773] and Spanish Goverment by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) [AGL2017-89213]; I-COOP+2020 (COOPA 20453). PZM and JEGPJr were supported by CAPES/Brazil, CSM by CNPq/Brazil; CRM and MDR by FAPERGS/ Brazil and GCS by PDA/Unipampa.Peer reviewe

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

SARS-CoV-2 introductions and early dynamics of the epidemic in Portugal

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal was rapidly implemented by the National Institute of Health in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic, in collaboration with more than 50 laboratories distributed nationwide. Methods By applying recent phylodynamic models that allow integration of individual-based travel history, we reconstructed and characterized the spatio-temporal dynamics of SARSCoV-2 introductions and early dissemination in Portugal. Results We detected at least 277 independent SARS-CoV-2 introductions, mostly from European countries (namely the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, and Switzerland), which were consistent with the countries with the highest connectivity with Portugal. Although most introductions were estimated to have occurred during early March 2020, it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 was silently circulating in Portugal throughout February, before the first cases were confirmed. Conclusions Here we conclude that the earlier implementation of measures could have minimized the number of introductions and subsequent virus expansion in Portugal. This study lays the foundation for genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal, and highlights the need for systematic and geographically-representative genomic surveillance.We gratefully acknowledge to Sara Hill and Nuno Faria (University of Oxford) and Joshua Quick and Nick Loman (University of Birmingham) for kindly providing us with the initial sets of Artic Network primers for NGS; Rafael Mamede (MRamirez team, IMM, Lisbon) for developing and sharing a bioinformatics script for sequence curation (https://github.com/rfm-targa/BioinfUtils); Philippe Lemey (KU Leuven) for providing guidance on the implementation of the phylodynamic models; Joshua L. Cherry (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health) for providing guidance with the subsampling strategies; and all authors, originating and submitting laboratories who have contributed genome data on GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org/) on which part of this research is based. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the view of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government. This study is co-funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Agência de Investigação Clínica e Inovação Biomédica (234_596874175) on behalf of the Research 4 COVID-19 call. Some infrastructural resources used in this study come from the GenomePT project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022184), supported by COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), Lisboa Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa2020), Algarve Portugal Regional Operational Programme (CRESC Algarve2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Diagnóstico e manejo de crises de comprometimento respiratório infantil em serviços de medicina de emergência: Diagnosis and management of childhood respiratory compromise crisis in emergency medical service

INTRODUÇÃO: A insuficiência respiratória aguda é definida como uma disfunção fisiológica com morbidade e mortalidade altas quando o manejo emergencial não é realizado. É a principal consequência do agravamento agudo e imediato da capacidade respiratória e circulatória de diversas comorbidades. Um aspecto crucial para a diminuição da mortalidade infantil é o reconhecimento imediato da emergência pediátrica de etiologia respiratória. OBJETIVO: averiguar e apresentar como é realizado o diagnóstico e o manejo terapêutico de emergências pediátricas de etiologia respiratória METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, no período compreendido entre maio e junho de 2022, realizada através de dados fornecidos por meio de uma ampla pesquisa bibliográfica de artigos nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Sistema Online de Busca e Análise de Literatura Médica e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde com os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde: “Emergências”, “Insuficiência Respiratória” e “Criança”, combinados por meio do operador booleano “AND”. DISCUSSÃO: Por definição, a insuficiência respiratória aguda é a inaptidão do sistema respiratório adquirir oxigênio para prover as demandas teciduais e expelir dióxido de carbono (CO2) originário do diometabolismo das células. Apresenta-se por hipoxemia, hipo/normo/hipercapnia e alterações do equilíbrio ácido-base. Hipoxemia é o contexto em que a pressão parcial de oxigênio em sangue arterial (PaO2) < 50mmHg em recém-nascidos e <60mmHg em crianças, sendo que a hipercapnia é definida quando a PaCO2 > 45mmHg, independentemente da idade. RESULTADOS: A conduta sistematizada de pacientes pediátricos severamente enfermos é a forma mais veloz e eficiente de condução desses casos.  Na atualidade, esta sistemática é realizada através da padronização em todos os programas de treinamento de suporte de vida.  Em lactentes e crianças, a maior parcela das paradas cardíacas resulta de insuficiência respiratória e/ou choque. O objetivo da abordagem estandardizada é possibilitar a rápida identificação das circunstâncias emergenciais, especialmente dos indicativos de desconforto respiratório, e insuficiência respiratória, para interceder imediatamente e evitar que tais situações progridam para insuficiência cardiopulmonar e posterior parada cardíaca. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes atendidos no pronto socorro pediátrico podem demandar técnicas avançadas para garantir as vias aéreas pérvias, abrangendo indução inalatória e intubação por meio de broncoscópio ou fibra óptica. Sendo assim, a equipe médica deve estar treinada e apta para manejar emergências pediátricas por causas respiratórias, além de o serviço de saúde conceder suprimento de equipamentos e insumos para esse tipo de atendimento. Devido a possibilidade de eventos pediátricos por má respiração se agravarem para parada respiratória ou cardíaca, a intervenção farmacológica e não farmacológica deve ser prontamente instituída