Numerical and experimental analysis of the flow over a commercial vehicle – pickup

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação)The pickups correspond to an important category of commercial vehicle once they combine passenger and cargo transport. The presence of an open trunk is responsible for a unique flow topology within a natural great interest for manufacturer’s research and that is gradually being more discussed on academic articles. This work presents a numerical and experimental study of the flow around a generic pickup based on the leaders of the light pickup market in Brazil. The proposed pickup model is composed only by flat surfaces and sharp edges and it’s derived from a dimensional study of five principal models of the category; a second version is conceived with the application of fillets on those edges. Simulations are performed using Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equations (RANS) on STAR-CCM+ solver with SST k-ω turbulence model; mesh is constituted of tetrahedral elements and the effect of a prismatic boundary layer is studied. On wind-tunnel, hot-wire anemometry and wall tufts visualization techniques are deployed for 1:10 scale model and serve as a reference for numerical results initial validation. Although a new geometry is tested, the results are similar to previous works. Rounding the model caused a reduction of 30% in the drag coefficient; no significant change is noted on the overall distribution of the structures on trunk and wake. Computational solution is prepared for reduced and full size pickup on typical highway velocities; for the range of tested scales (Re from 5×105 to 5×106), problem is believed to be independent of Reynolds, therefore wind-tunnel data that is not dynamic similar is still representative of real flow. This work is aimed to serve as a benchmark for future analyses so that more refined examination on CFD setup (mesh and solver) and application of other experimental routines are recommended. The investigation of drag reducing devices and the effects of other geometry variations is suggested as next steps

Evaluation of the readiness of the ait organization artificial satellites applied for stakeholders requirements/ Avaliação da prontidão dos satélites artificiais da organização da ait aplicados aos requisitos das partes interessadas

The activities of Assembly, Integration and Testing of an artificial satellite corresponds to a set of procedures and the execution of the logically correlated events sequence to obtain a high degree of confidence of satellite operation. The Assembly, Integration and Testing (AIT) activities are performed to ensure that all specified design and performance parameters were reached. Within this context, all the environmental conditions in which the satellite will be asked for, from its launch until its operation in orbit, are simulated. The study presented herein is part of a Ph.D. research, with the purpose of developing a conceptual framework and a methodology for analysis of the AIT organization readiness level to integrate a particular satellite in order to satisfy all stakeholders' requirements (AIT stakeholders) valuing quality, reliability, safety and compliance of performance parameters usually adopted by the AIT organization

Potential therapeutic strategies for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer based on association of intravesical immunotherapy with P-MAPA and systemic administration of cisplatin and doxorubicin

The present study describes the histopathological and molecular effects of P-MAPA (Protein aggregate magnesium-ammonium phospholinoleate-palmitoleate anhydride) intravesical immunotherapy combined with systemic doxorubicin or cisplatin for treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in an appropriate animal model. Our results showed an undifferentiated tumor, characterizing a tumor invading mucosa or submucosa of the bladder wall (pT1) and papillary carcinoma in situ (pTa) in the Cancer group. The histopathological changes were similar between the combined treatment with intravesical P-MAPA plus systemic Cisplatin and P-MAPA immunotherapy alone, showing decrease of urothelial neoplastic lesions progression and histopathological recovery in 80% of the animals. The animals treated systemically with cisplatin or doxorubicin singly, showed 100% of malignant lesions in the urinary bladder. Furthemore, the combined treatment with P-MAPA and Doxorubicin showed no decrease of urothelial neoplastic lesions progression and histopathological recovery. Furthermore, Akt, PI3K, NF-kappa B and VEGF protein levels were significantly lower in intravesical P-MAPA plus systemic cisplatin and in intravesical P-MAPA alone treatments than other groups. In contrast, PTEN protein levels were significantly higher in intravesical P-MAPA plus systemic cisplatin and in intravesical P-MAPA alone treatments. Thus, it could be concluded that combination of intravesical P-MAPA immunotherapy and systemic cisplatin in the NMIBC animal model was effective, well tolerated and showed no apparent signs of antagonism between the drugs. In addition, intravesical P-MAPA immunotherapy may be considered as a valuable option for treatment of BCG unresponsive patients that unmet the criteria for early cystectomy425942954CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP490519/2011-3não tem2014/12047-

Potencialidades do filme de ficção Avatar para a alfabetização científica dos sujeitos no contexto da educação básica

This paper has investigated the potential of the fiction movie Avatar for the development of curricula whose guiding principle is the Science, Technology, Society and Environment (CTSA) approach and which are focused on the scientific literacy of subjects in the context of basic education. For this, the methodological resources of screen ethnography were explored to explore problematizing scenarios that favor the scientific literacy process of the subjects from the science fiction movie Avatar. As results of this research movement, we observe that from a work aimed at the construction of CTSA curricula it is possible to problematize through the scenes of the Avatar movie, questions related to the origin of life; sustainability; physical phenomena such as gravitation and magnetism; fauna and flora; theory of species evolution; cultural, ethical and religious aspects that are necessary and necessary for the scientific literacy process of the subjects. In addition, the visual appeal of the movie associated with the surrounding storyline can help awaken interest in science, not only in biology, but also in sociology, philosophy, religious education, geography, physics, and chemistry. The notes made in the work demonstrated that the movie can help in the development of a pedagogical work in the different areas of knowledge or in interdisciplinary projects.Este estudo investigou as potencialidades do filme de ficção Avatar para o desenvolvimento de currículos cujo fio condutor é a abordagem Ciência, Tecnologia, Sociedade e Ambiente (CTSA) e que estão voltados para a alfabetização científica dos sujeitos no contexto da educação básica. Para isso, foram explorados os recursos metodológicos da etnografia de tela para explorar cenários problematizadores que favoreçam o processo de alfabetização científica dos sujeitos a partir do filme de ficção científica Avatar. Como resultados desse movimento de pesquisa, observamos que a partir de um trabalho voltado para a construção de currículos CTSA é possível problematizar através nas cenas do filme de ficção Avatar, questões relacionadas à origem da vida; sustentabilidade; fenômenos físicos como gravitação e magnetismo; a fauna e a flora; teoria da evolução das espécies; aspectos culturais, éticos e religiosos emergentes e necessários para o processo de alfabetização científica dos sujeitos. Além disso, o apelo visual do filme associado ao enredo envolvente pode contribuir para despertar nos alunos o interesse pela ciência, não só na área da biologia, mas também na sociologia, filosofia, ensino religioso, geografia, física e química. Os apontamentos feitos no trabalho demonstraram que o filme pode ajudar no desenvolvimento de um trabalho pedagógico nas diferentes áreas do conhecimento ou em projetos interdisciplinares

Desenvolvimento e aplicação de uma proposta de ensino de ciências baseada no enfoque CTSA a partir de cenas do filme de ficção científica Avatar

O ensino de Ciências deve partir de uma prática problematizadora. Dessa forma, o estudante pode ser capaz de criar, pensar e explorar os tipos de conhecimento, além de buscar soluções para os problemas encontrados. O ensino, partindo desse enfoque, pode contribuir para esta formação e, usando como elo a Alfabetização Científica, desenvolver nos estudantes uma aproximação ao fazer científico. Sendo assim, esta pesquisa partiu da seguinte questão: quais as contribuições do filme de ficção Avatar para o desenvolvimento de uma proposta de ensino numa perspectiva Ciência, Tecnologia, Sociedade e Ambiente (CTSA)? Este estudo teve por objetivos: explorar as potencialidades do filme de ficção Avatar; desenvolver uma proposta de ensino a partir dessa obra; e analisar os resultados da aplicação dessa proposta de ensino na perspectiva de estudantes do ensino médio. A proposta de ensino foi aplicada em uma escola pública do município de Maceió, AL, em seis encontros, ao longo de seis semanas, no período de 30/10 a 4/12/2018. O público-alvo foram 30 estudantes do ensino médio do turno vespertino, com idade entre 17 e 20 anos. A proposta de ensino contou com seis etapas, iniciando com a ambientação e exibição do filme Avatar e finalizando com a produção de vídeos pelos estudantes, buscando resolver questões que foram propostas a partir dos temas sociocientíficos emergentes das cenas do filme. As atividades realizadas pelos sujeitos permitiram um ensino próximo da prática científica, sendo fundamental para que os estudantes compreendessem como o conhecimento científico é construído e como pode se tornar um agente transformador da sociedade

Correction of Valgus Dislocation of the Radio-Carpal Joint in a Dog through Ligament Reconstruction with Synthetic Wire: an Alternative to Arthrodesis

Background: Radio-carpal dislocations are normally related to situations of trauma and may be treated with open or closed reduction, reconstruction of injured structures or arthrodesis. The treatment aims to eliminate pain, abnormal joint movement and restore member functions, avoiding or minimizing the development of arthrosis. Notwithstanding the literature on the treatment options, few of them explain the restorative technical applications and their evolution in a later postoperative period. The aim of the present report is to discuss extra-articular joint reconstruction with nylon wire in a canine patient with radio-carpal joint dislocation and ligament rupture.Case: A 10-year-old mixed-breed bitch, weighing 10 kg, after an 8-meter fall, received care at Animal Care Barueri Clínica Veterinária. The animal presented left thoracic member functional impotence and radio-carpal joint valgus dislocation, pain and joint swelling. The patient was sedated and medium-lateral and dorso-palmar X-rays of the distal area of the thoracic member were performed, showing radio-carpal dislocation and a slight radiotransparent line in caudal cortical of the middle third of the left radium, possibly related to an incomplete fracture due to compaction. At this point, the choice was for a closed reduction performed by means of traction followed by internal rotation of the distal extremity of the member. An immobilization device was placed using a vinyl splint for 4 days, until the date of the surgery. For the surgical procedure, a dorso-medial access was opened in the left radio-carpal joint, restoring the short radium collateral joint with nylon 0 suture, anchored on 3 pathways opened in the bones (2 pathways in the radium and 1 in the carpo-radial bone), forming one knot. The subcutaneous tissue was closed and sutured using absorbable wire of 2-0 polyglycolic acid. The skin was sutured using nonabsorbable wire of 3-0 nylon. The immediate postoperative X-rays showed the pathways created, conservation of the bone structures and restoration of the anatomic axis of the radio-carpal joint. The member was again immobilized for 70 days and, 30 days after removal of the splint, the animal could already bear load over the member, without lameness. At 10 months after the surgery, the patient performed X-rays of the medium-lateral and dorso-palmar projections, showing absence of the signs of arthrosis or any joint impairment. There was also absence of lameness and pain, however with reduction in joint movement amplitude, with total extension but more limited flexion.Discussion: Through comparison with the literature it was possible to find similarities with the joint injury approach reported, mainly regarding the form of the suture and the clinical alterations observed, such as short radium collateral ligament rupture related to joint valgus deviation. The treatment strategy in the case combined temporary closed reduction of the joint, immobilization, later joint access and restoration with synthetic wire and long-term immobilization. The postoperative results obtained showed favorable evolution, without signs of joint degeneration, pain or lameness. Possible unwanted consequences related to arthrodesis make the options for reconstruction techniques seem more interesting; however, further information of their application and the combination of its variations in a more directed fashion are still required. Understanding the types of injuries, together with the development of research that assess their diagnosis and evolution, may help treatments to show even better perspectives.Keywords: dislocation, joint, radio-carpal, reconstruction, ligament.Título: Correção de luxação valga da articulação rádio-cárpica em um cão através da reconstrução ligamentar com fio sintético: uma alternativa à artrodeseDescritores: luxação, articulação, rádio-cárpica, reconstrução, ligamento

Mineral composition of four cultivars of okra fruits

Este experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal de Viçosa e teve como objetivo avaliar a composição mineral dos frutos de quatro cultivares de quiabo. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, sendo os tratamentos constituídos pelas cultivares Amarelinho, Red Velvet, Star of David e Mammoth Spinless, com cinco blocos. Os maiores teores de cálcio, fósforo, enxofre e magnésio foram encontrado na Cultivar Red Velvet. Os maiores teores de nitrogênio total, amônio e manganês e menor teor de fósforo foram encontrados na cultivar Mammoth Spinless, enquanto nas cultivares Red Velvet e Star of David foram observados os menores teores de nitrogênio total, amônio e manganês. Menores teores de cálcio, enxofre e magnésio foram verificados em conjunto nas cultivares Amarelinho, Star of David e Mammoth Spinless.This experiment was carried out at Universidade Federal de Viçosa and had the objective to evaluate the mineral composition of four cultivars of okra fruits. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, where the treatments were composed by the cultivars Amarelinho, Red Velvet, Star of David and Mammoth Spinless, with five blocks. The cultivar Red Velvet had the highest content of calcium, phosphorus, sulfur and magnesium. The cultivar Mammoth Spinless had the highest content of total nitrogen, ammonium and manganese and the lowest content of phosphorus. The cultivars Red Velvet and Star of David had the lowest contents of total nitrogen, ammonium, and manganese. Lower contents of calcium, sulfur and magnesium were present in the cultivars Amarelinho, Star of David and Mammoth Spinless

Impactos da crise financeira de 2008: Um estudo sobre as variações do coeficiente beta no mercado de capitais brasileiro

Com o objetivo de identificar os efeitos da crise financeira de 2008 no nível de risco de mercado, a presente pesquisa buscou analisar a existência de diferença entre as médias dos coeficientes beta dos modelos CAPM antes e após a crise. A amostra compreendeu 31 empresas participantes do Índice da Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo (IBOVESPA). Após a realização dos testes paramétricos constatou-se que a amostra não apresentava característica normal. Diante disso, adotou-se o Teste não-paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis para testar a seguinte hipótese de pesquisa: H0- a crise financeira de 2008 não afetou o risco das empresas brasileiras que constituem o Índice Ibovespa. Os testes estatísticos indicaram que as empresas demonstraram uma redução do nível de risco após a crise, fato esse que contraria os resultados de alguns estudos da área. Em relação à análise dos setores, notou-se que dentre os 14 setores com representação na pesquisa, destacam-se os setores de água e esgoto, energia elétrica, siderúrgica e metalúrgica, transporte e serviços e veículos e peças que apresentaram diferença significativa entre as médias do risco entre os períodos pré e pós-crise

Evaluation of life quality of patients submitted to cataract surgery with implants of monofocal, bifocal and multifocal lenses

Purpose:Providing an objective and subjective evaluation of life quality and satisfaction level of the patients who underwent cataract surgery with implant of bifocal, multifocal and monofocal lenses.Methods:Bifocal lenses were implanted in 72 patients, aspheric multifocal lenses in 16 patients, apodized multifocal lenses in 20 patients and Monofocal lenses were implanted in 63 patients. The patients answered a 47 question questionnaire, whose results were evaluated and analyzed.Results:The level of satisfaction of the patients implanted with bifocal and multifocal lenses was significantly higher than of those with monofocal lenses (kruskal - Wallis test, p< 0.001 followed by the Dunn test, p< 0.05). As to the comparison of monofocal lenses with bifocal and multifocal lenses, the near vision without correction was considerably lower in patients with monofocal lenses (Z test p< 0.001). The patients with monofocal lenses without correction presented a much lower capacity of reading newspapers or books and as far as manual work than the ones with bifocal and multifocal lenses (Z test, p<0.001).Conclusion:The result of this study shows that the patients who received the bifocal and multifocal lenses had a remarkable improvement in their visual acuity for the near vision, being pleased with their general vision without wearing glasses. This is because they were able to read books and newspapers, write checks, fill out forms, do sports, shave or put on make-up, hence having high quality of life without correction.Objetivo:Fornecer uma avaliação objetiva e subjetiva da qualidade de vida e o nível de satisfação de pacientes que se submeteram à cirurgia de catarata, com implante de lentes bifocais, multifocais e monofocais.Métodos:Lentes bifocais foram implantadas em 72 pacientes; lentes multifocais asférica em 16 pacientes; lentes multifocais apodizada em 20 pacientes e lentes monofocais em 63 pacientes. Foi aplicado um questionário de 47 perguntas cujos resultados foram avaliados e analisados.Resultados:O nível de satisfação dos pacientes implantados com lentes bifocais e multifocais foi significantemente mais alto do que aqueles com lentes monofocais (teste Kruskal-Wallis p<0,01, seguido do teste Dunn, p<0,05). Quanto à comparação de lentes monofocais com lentes bifocais e multifocais, a visão para perto sem correção foi consideravelmente mais baixa em pacientes com lentes monofocais (teste Z, p<0,001). Os pacientes com lentes monofocais sem correção apresentaram uma menor capacidade de ler jornais ou livros e no que diz respeito a trabalhos manuais do que aqueles com lentes bifocais e multifocais (teste Z, p<0,001).Conclusão:Os resultados deste estudo mostram que os pacientes que receberam as lentes bifocais e multifocais tiveram uma melhora notável em sua acuidade visual para perto, estando satisfeitos com sua visão geral, sem óculos. A satisfação foi atribuída ao fato de conseguirem ler livros e jornais, preencher cheques, preencher formulários, praticar esportes, se barbear ou se maquiar sem correção.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Hospital de Olhos (CIOMS)UNIFESPSciEL