Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) Supplementation on Reproductive Performance of Beef Heifers Submitted to Fixed-time Artificial Insemination (FTAI) Protocol

Background: More recently, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplements have been used in grazing beef herds in attempt to influence specific metabolic pathways and hormones that directly modulate reproductive function. Supplementation of calcium salts of PUFA can positively influence ovarian follicular growth, luteal function, and improve reproductive performance in dairy and beef females. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate strategies of dietary treatments using PUFA supplementation for 30 days before or after FTAI protocol and its effects on of ovulatory follicle size, ovulation, pregnancy and gestational losses rates in beef heifers.Materials, Methods & Results: One hundred and ninety-nine Brangus heifers (24 ± 3 months-old; BW= 320 ± 15 kg; BCS= 2.85 ± 0.17) were randomly assigned in three different groups to receive dietary treatments. Group 1 (n = 70) was fed with 0.5 kg/day of a protein-mineral mixture supplement containing 0.2 kg/day PUFA (Mix A)during 30 days before FTAI, Group 2 (n = 68) received the same supplement 30 days after FTAI and Control (n = 61) only the supplement without PUFA (Mix B) during all period. Heifers were submitted to estrous synchronization treatment using progesterone (P4), estradiol benzoate (E2) and prostaglandin F2a  (PGF). Ultrasound exams were done to measure ovulatory follicle diameter and to determinate ovulation and pregnancy rates on Day 30 and 60 after FTAI. Daily gain (DG) was higher (P < 0.05) only when heifers received supplement containing PUFA (Group 1= 30 days prior FTAI) and (Group 2= 30 days after FTAI). PUFA supplementation before FTAI also resulted in larger ovulatory follicles diameter (P < 0.05) in Group 1 (11.2 ± 2.5 mm) compared to Group 2 (9.9 ± 2.3 mm) and Control (10.0 ± 2.07 mm). Ovulation rates were similar (P > 0.05) in Group 1 (90%), Group 2 (75%) and Control (67%). Pregnancy rates were higher (P < 0.05) in Group 1 (Day 30= 67.1% and Day 60= 64.2%) when compared with Group 2 (Day 30= 48.5% and Day 60= 44.1%) and Control (Day 30= 49.2% and Day 60= 45.9%). Gestation losses were similar (P > 0.05) among Groups 1 (6.6%), 2 (9%) and Control (6.6%).Discussion: Rumen-protected supplemental lipids have been used to increase energy density and to determine direct positive effects on reproduction in dairy and beef herds.  There is evidence that feeding moderate amounts of PUFA supplements can improve energy status and result in significant differences in DG as it was observed during experimental period. Thus, heifers that received 0.2 kg/day of PUFA supplement 30 days before FTAI protocol had also a positive effect on ovulatory follicles size, but ovulation rates were similar in groups. Beneficial effects of pre-breeding PUFA supplementation were observed on pregnancy rates on Days 30 and 60 after FTAI, but pregnancy loss was not different among dietary treatments in beef heifers. Based on this study, PUFA supplementation before FTAI protocol had a positive effect on reproductive performance of beef heifers by directly improving ovarian function, uterine environment and early embryonic development. Results indicate that pre-breeding PUFA supplementation to beef heifers is a suitable strategy to increase pregnancy rate in FTAI programs. Therefore, for a better understanding of interactions of nutritional strategies and utero-ovarian functions more evaluations are needed to understand the mechanisms by which feeding PUFA may improve reproductive function in beef heifers

A construção de mundos na ficção televisiva e a questão do realismo: o caso de The Wire

Este artigo busca contribuir com as discussões sobre as especificidades das séries ficcionais realistas, sobretudo no que concerne à capacidade que estas obras com frequência têm de gerar um efeito de crença que parece apagar a distinção entre o mundo da ficção e o mundo vivido. Abraçando a questão das diretrizes autorais que orientam uma obra como uma via importante para compreender as dimensões poéticas internas que promovem esses efeitos, este artigo explora como o impulso jornalístico que moveu o autor-criador de The Wire, David Simon, incitou a construção de um universo narrativo singular no seriado e a criação de uma forte ilusão de realidade por ele.This paper aims to contribute to the debate on fictional television shows in which a realistic approach is patent, focusing on the ability such works oftentimes display to generate a level of belief that seems to erase the distinction between their fictional worlds and our own. Embracing the issue of authorial guidelines as important factors in understanding the poetic aspects of a work, this paper explores how the journalistic impulse which moved The Wire’s creator, David Simon, drove the creation of a unique world in the series the casting of a strong reality effect upon said world

Paracyphononyx scapulatus (hymenoptera, pompilidae), a koinobiont ectoparasitoid of trochosa Sp (araneae, lycosidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)The genus Paracyphononyx Gribodo, 1884 (Pompilidae) contains species that act as koinobiont parasitoids of cursorial spiders. Here, we record a new parasitism interaction involving the pompilid wasp Paracyphononyx scapulatus (Brethes) and the hunter spider Trochosa sp. (Lycosidae), and we describe how the wasp develops on the spider. This study contributes new information about the interaction between koinobiont ectoparasitoid wasps and spiders, which probably arose independently in different groups of wasps.The genus Paracyphononyx Gribodo, 1884 (Pompilidae) contains species that act as koinobiont parasitoids of cursorial spiders. Here, we record a new parasitism interaction involving the pompilid wasp Paracyphononyx scapulatus (Brethes) and the hunter spide46165172CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)sem informaçãosem informaçãosem informaçãoWe would like to thanks Eduardo Messas Junior for the photographs and Antonio Domingos Brescovit for spider identification. We were financially supported by Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia dos Hymenoptera Parasitoides da Região Sudeste Brasile

Effect of drill meso-geometry and lubri -cooling conditions on the finish hole in DIN S700MC HSLA steel

O trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre os efeitos decorrentes da modificação da mesogeometria de uma broca helicoidal de metal-duro com revestimento de TiAlN sobre o acabamento superficial do aço de alta resistên-cia e baixa liga DIN S700MC utilizando diferentes condições de aplicação de fluidos lubrirrefrigerantes (em abundância, em mínima quantidade e a seco). Para tanto, foram consideradas como variáveis de resposta a rugosidade do furo, o dimensional da rebarba gerada e a camada afetada pelo calor. Os resultados mostram que a utilização da broca com mesogeometria alterada gerou uma redução dos valores de rugosidade, maior valor dimensional da rebarba gerada e maiores valores de modificação microestrutural pelo calor. Com rela-ção aos meios lubrirrefrigerantes, os resultados de rugosidade não foram influenciados pelas diferentes con-dições de aplicação; o fluido em abundância, juntamente com a broca sem modificação, apresentou os meno-res valores de rebarba; não houve variações expressivas entre a aplicação do fluido em abundância e em mínima quantidade na análise da camada afetada pelo calorThis paper presents an investigation on the behavior and effect of the machining process by drilling through a DIN S700MC steel alloy, correlating the preparation of cutting-edge geometry with different cooling-lubrication conditions, and focusing on the surface finishing of the machined part. In this context, experi-mental tests were performed with different cooling-lubrication systems (abundance, MQL, and dry) using solid carbide twist drills, coated with titanium aluminum nitride, with or without meso-geometry preparation (roundings). As response variables were assessed the texture (roughness), the layer affected by heat through-out the hole and burr dimensional profiles. The results indicate a significant reduction of roughness values when using the rounding drill flank, face and guides. Statistically, this result was not influenced by the differ-ent cooling-lubrication systems. Regarding burr dimension generated by the process, the tool with no meso-geometry preparation presented the same values along with the application of fluid in abundance (emulsion). In the analysis of the layer affected by heat, the tool with meso-geometry preparation presented lower values of the affected layer (microstructure change) and, statistically, there were no significant variations between the application of fluid in abundance and with MQL

Efeito da mesogeometria da broca e das condições de lubrirrefrigeração sobre o acabamento do furo em aço ARBL DIN S700MC

O trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre os efeitos decorrentes da modificação da mesogeometria de uma brocahelicoidal de metal-duro com revestimento de TiAlN sobre o acabamento superficial do aço de alta resistênciae baixa liga DIN S700MC utilizando diferentes condições de aplicação de fluidos lubrirrefrigerantes (emabundância, em mínima quantidade e a seco). Para tanto, foram consideradas como variáveis de resposta arugosidade do furo, o dimensional da rebarba gerada e a camada afetada pelo calor. Os resultados mostramque a utilização da broca com mesogeometria alterada gerou uma redução dos valores de rugosidade, maiorvalor dimensional da rebarba gerada e maiores valores de modificação microestrutural pelo calor. Com relaçãoaos meios lubrirrefrigerantes, os resultados de rugosidade não foram influenciados pelas diferentes condiçõesde aplicação; o fluido em abundância, juntamente com a broca sem modificação, apresentou os menoresvalores de rebarba; não houve variações expressivas entre a aplicação do fluido em abundância e emmínima quantidade na análise da camada afetada pelo calor.Palavras-chave: furação de aço ARBL; mínima quantidade de lubrificante; mesogeometria da broca

GROWTH AND QUALITY OF ‘PÉROLA’ PINEAPPLE AS A FUNCTION OF LEVELS OF GIBBERELLIC ACID

Gibberellin is a plant hormone capable of enhancing the productivity of plant’s productivity rants, due to its action in plant physiology, mainly in fruit formation. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate gibberellic acid levels and application times on the growth and quality of ‘Pérola’ pineapple. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in the municipality of Pedras de Fogo, state of Paraíba, Brazil. The treatments consisted of five levels of gibberellic acid (0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 mg/plant), distributed in a randomized block experimental design, with four repetitions, in which three applications were made at 50, 80, and 110 days after flower induction. The soluble solids content, fruit height, fruit diameter, and weight were evaluated. The period of application and the levels of gibberellic acid altered the responses for the variables analyzed. The level of 7.5 mg/plant of gibberellic acid promoted an increase in the weight and diameter of the fruit. The application at 110 days after floral induction induced an increase in fruit weight and a greater concentration of sugar in the fruit. Further studies on the application of gibberellic acid and periods of application in different soil and climatic conditions should be carried out to determine more consistent results with this crop.Gibberellin is a plant hormone capable of enhancing the productivity of plant’s productivity rants, due to its action in plant physiology, mainly in fruit formation. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate gibberellic acid levels and application times on the growth and quality of ‘Pérola’ pineapple. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in the municipality of Pedras de Fogo, state of Paraíba, Brazil. The treatments consisted of five levels of gibberellic acid (0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 mg/plant), distributed in a randomized block experimental design, with four repetitions, in which three applications were made at 50, 80, and 110 days after flower induction. The soluble solids content, fruit height, fruit diameter, and weight were evaluated. The period of application and the levels of gibberellic acid altered the responses for the variables analyzed. The level of 7.5 mg/plant of gibberellic acid promoted an increase in the weight and diameter of the fruit. The application at 110 days after floral induction induced an increase in fruit weight and a greater concentration of sugar in the fruit. Further studies on the application of gibberellic acid and periods of application in different soil and climatic conditions should be carried out to determine more consistent results with this crop

Propriedades terapêuticas do gênero cleome, familia cleomaceae / Therapeutic properties of the cleome gender, cleomaceae family

Contendo mais de 200 espécies de plantas, o gênero Cleome (Cleomaceae) demonstra ser uma vasta fonte de ervas com propriedades medicinais. Dentre as atividades terapêuticas encontradas no gênero está o efeito hepatoprotetor, anti-inflamatório, em neoplasias e infecções. A Cleome spinosa é uma planta pertencente ao gênero Cleome e que pode ser encontrada no Brasil. Extratos da planta foram testados para diversos problemas de saúde como é o caso das infecções, neoplasias e lesões hepáticas. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de realizar um levantamento na literatura sobre as propriedades terapêuticas do gênero Cleome com ênfase na Cleome spinosa. O presente estudo, trata-se de uma revisão literária, que se utilizou de 36 artigos, publicados nas bases de dados SciELO, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, MEDLINE e LILACS, com recorte temporal entre os anos 2003 até 2020. Foram descritas predominantemente as propriedades terapêuticas das plantas, dados dos ensaios e em menor proporção os aspectos etnofarmacológicos e botânicos. Em sumo, o gênero Cleome, detém de uma vasta variedade de constituintes químicos em sua composição, que por sua vez detém de diversas atividades biológicas, que podem servir como base para desenvolvimento de novos produtos para a terapêutica, entretanto se faz necessários mais estudo para elucidação dos mecanismos de ação e da atividade toxicológica

Disadvantaged Groups and the Value of Diversity within ContemporaryBrazilian Trade Unionism:Acase study

Este estudio examina el debate sobre los grupos desfavorecidos y la valoración de la diversidad en un sector específico del sindicalismo brasileño, formado por asociaciones de docentes y sindicatos en instituciones públicas federales de educación superior. Se abordan algunas cuestiones clave, como el proceso a través del cual el debate mencionado anteriormente se ha incorporado a las agendas de estas asociaciones y sindicatos; la modernización de la reflexión sobre la desigualdad en la sociedad brasileña; la dependencia del protagonismo de individuos vinculados a grupos vulnerables; o el predominio de los hombres blancos en las facultades de las universidades. Las fuentes utilizadas en el estudio fueron de dos tipos: entrevistas a 17 líderes sindicales de diferentes universidades y documentos, como informes de trabajo, producidos por sindicatos y publicados en sus sitios webThis study examines the debate over disadvantaged groups and valuing diversity in one specific sector of Brazilian trade unionism, that formed by faculty associations and trade unions in federal public institutions of higher education. Fewkey issues are addressed, such asthe process in which the debate mentioned above has been incorporated into these associations¿and trade unions¿agendas; modernization of reflection about inequality in Brazilian society; the dependency on individuals linked to vulnerable groups; or the predominance of white men in the universities faculties. The sources used in the study were of two types: interviews of 17 trade union leaders from different universities, and documents, such as working reports, produced by trade unions and posted on their websites.Universidad Pablo de Olavid

Diversidade genética em cultivares de pessegueiro

This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity among 28 peach cultivars and two nectarine cultivars, describing the most important characters in the diversity evaluation. The study was developed at the Federal University of Viçosa - Brazil, and the following characteristics were evaluated: fruit mass, suture, equatorial and polar diameters, firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA, ascorbic acid and carotenoids contents, skin and flesh color (coordinate b* and hue angle - °h). Genetic diversity in peach and nectarine cultivars enabled the formation of seven, six and six groups in the 2011, 2012 and 2013 crop years, respectively. The features that most contributed to this diversity were fruit mass, skin and flesh °h and firmness. The greatest genetic divergence was observed between ‘Marli’ and ‘Rubrosol’, ‘Josefina’ and ‘Maciel’ and ‘Maciel’ and ‘Rubrosol’ during the 2011, 2012 and 2013 crop years, respectively.Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a diversidade genética entre 28 cultivares de pessegueiro e duas cultivares de nectarineira, discriminando os caracteres mais importantes na avaliação da diversidade. Os trabalhos foram desenvolvidos na Universidade Federal de Viçosa, e avaliaram-se as características massa, diâmetros sutural, equatorial e polar, firmeza, teor de sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), relação SS/AT, teores de ácido ascórbico e de carotenoides e cor da casca e da polpa (coordenada b* e ângulo hue - °h). A diversidade genética nas cultivares de pessegueiro e nectarineira possibilitou a formação de sete, seis e seis grupos, nos ciclos de 2011, 2012 e 2013, respectivamente. As características que mais contribuíram para essa diversidade foram massa de fruto, °h da casca e da polpa e firmeza. Maior divergência genética foi observada entre ‘Marli’ e ‘Rubrosol’, ‘Josefina’ e ‘Maciel’ e ‘Maciel’ e ‘Rubrosol’, nos anos 2011, 2012 e 2013, respectivamente. Diversidade genética em cultivares de pessegueir