LEVANTAMENTO FITOSSOCIOLÓGICO DO ESTRATO ARBUSTIVO REGENERANTE EM SILVICULTURA DE Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze NA FLORESTA ESTACIONAL DE SÃO FRANCISCO DE PAULA, RS, BRASIL.

This paper presents a phytosociological study of shrub stratum inside an Araucaria angustifolia forestry on the Mixed Araucaria-Broadleaf Forest region at São Francisco de Paula National Forest (29°23’S, 50°23’W), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The point-centered quadrant method was used to record the shrubs each 5m in a transect of 150m length. In the survey, we sampled 32 different species, including dead ones, distriuited in 26 genera and 18 botanical families. Styrax leprosus, Ilex paraguariensis, Mollinedia elegans, Rudgea parquioides, Eugenia ramboi, Sebastiana brasiliensis, Matayba elaeagnoides were themost important species by representing almost 40% of the importance value (IV). The results must help for best conduction of the actual and future management plans and conservation action in this National Forest.Este trabalho apresenta um estudo fitossociológico do estrato arbustivo, em um trecho de silvicultura de araucária na região da Floresta Ombrófila Mista, localizada na Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula (29º23’S, 50º23’W), Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O método aplicado foi de quadrantes centrados, incluindo indivíduos do estrato arbustivo com PAP inferior a 15 cm e altura superior a 50 cm. Foram registradas 32 espécies diferentes, incluindo indivíduos mortos, pertencentes a 26 gêneros e 18 famílias distintas. As espécies Styrax leprosus, Ilex paraguariensis, Mollinedia elegans, Rudgea parquioides, Eugenia ramboi, Sebastiana brasiliensis, Matayba eleagnoides se destacaram por apresentarem, juntas, Valor de Importância (IVI) igual a 39,77%. A partir dos dados aqui apresentados pretende-se, como principal objetivo desse estudo, fornecer subsídios para futuros planos de manejo e conservação do local

Association between dietary patterns and renal function in a cross-sectional study using baseline data from the ELSA-Brasil cohort

Previous analyses of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) identified four main dietary patterns (DP). The aim of this study was to explore the association between the previously defined DP and renal function (RF). A crosssectional study using the ELSA-Brasil baseline data was carried out. DP (‘‘traditional’’, ‘‘fruits and vegetables’’, ‘‘bakery’’, and ‘‘low sugar/low fat), metabolic syndrome (MS) using the Joint Interim Statement criteria, microalbuminuria (MA), and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) through the CKD-EPI equation were evaluated. Abnormal RF was defined as eGFRo60 mL min–1 (1.73 m2 ) –1 and MAX3.0 mg/dL. Factors associated with RF were determined and mediation analysis was performed to investigate the association between DP, MS, and RF. A total of 15,105 participants were recruited, with a mean age of 52±9 years; 8,134 participants (54%) were females. The mediation analysis identified indirect associations between ‘‘bakery’’ and ‘‘fruits and vegetables’’, and both were associated with decreased eGFR and albuminuria in both genders, compared with ‘‘traditional’’ and ‘‘low sugar/low fat’’ patterns in the general population. There was a direct association of the ‘‘bakery’’ pattern with MA in men (OR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.92–1.48). The ‘‘fruits and vegetables’’ pattern also showed a direct association with reduced eGFR in women (OR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.28–2.12), although there was no significance after adjustment. The ‘‘fruits and vegetables’’ and ‘‘bakery’’ DPs were associated with renal dysfunction. The only independent, direct association was between ‘‘bakery’’ DP and MA in men, raising concerns about DP and renal damage in men

Interventions of Brazil's more doctors program through continuing education for Primary Health Care

IntroductionBrazil's More Doctors Program, in its training axis, aims to improve medical training for Primary Health Care through interventions related to the reality of the territory. The research presented here analyzed the interventions implemented by Brazil's More Doctors Program physicians, members of the Family Health Continuing Education Program, and the relationship with Primary Health Care programmatic actions.MethodologyThe research conducted made use of Text and Data Mining and content analysis. In total, 2,159 reports of interventions from 942 final papers were analyzed. The analysis process was composed of the formation of the corpus; exploration of the materials through text mining; and analysis of the results by inference and interpretation.ResultsIt was observed that 57% of the physicians worked in the Northeast Region, which was also the region with the most interventions (66.8%). From the analysis of the bigrams, trigrams, and quadrigrams, four constructs were formed: “women's health,” “child health,” “chronic non-communicable diseases,” and “mental health.” Terms related to improving access, quality of care, teamwork, and reception were also present among the N-grams.DiscussionThe interventions carried out are under the programmatic actions recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health for Primary Health Care, also addressing cross-cutting aspects such as Reception, Teamwork, Access Improvement, and Quality of Care, which suggests that the training experience in the Family Health Continuing Education Program reflects on the way these professionals act

Pesquisa de microrganismos presentes em máscaras de tecidos em estudantes e funcionários da saúde de uma instituição de ensino superior do Agreste de Pernambuco: Investigation of microorganisms present in tissue masks in healthcare students and employees of a undergraduate institution from the Agreste of Pernambuco

Introdução: Estima-se que sejam reconhecidas mais de 750 espécies de bactérias presentes na cavidade oral, embora o número preciso de microrganismos seja ainda maior. Nesse contexto, é válido observar a relação entre os microrganismos presentes na cavidade oral e sua disseminação entre a população. Bactérias, vírus e fungos podem estar presentes e causar prejuízos à saúde do indivíduo, seja desenvolvendo uma infecção ou mesmo comprometendo sua imunidade. A má higienização, não só das mãos, mas também das máscaras, pode acarretar a contaminação do próprio indivíduo, bem como daqueles ao seu redor. Objetivo: Realizar uma pesquisa quantitativa de bactérias heterotróficas presentes em máscaras de tecido em estudantes da área da saúde e funcionários de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior do Agreste de Pernambuco. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo observacional laboratorial, a população foi composta por estudantes da área da saúde e funcionários do Centro Universitário Tabosa de Almeida (ASCES-UNITA), em Caruaru-PE. A pesquisa foi realizada no período de outubro de 2021 a novembro de 2021. Foram incluídos indivíduos que utilizassem máscara de tecido no momento da coleta. Foi coletado, com um swab, uma amostra da parte de dentro da máscara, armazenado em uma solução salina para o transporte e semeado em meio Sabouraud e Plate Count Agar (PCA), e após 24h na estufa foi feita a contagem de UFC (Unidades Formadoras de Colônias). Resultados e discussão: A variável mais relevante foi a relação entre estudantes e funcionários, onde os funcionários se destacaram por apresentarem uma maior média de UFC. Observa-se que 80,6% dos funcionários e 81,2% dos estudantes relataram não fazer a troca da máscara no tempo correto de acordo com as recomendações da ANVISA. Ambos os grupos se comportaram de maneira semelhante, no entanto, ainda é possível identificar uma maior porcentagem de funcionários em detrimento aos alunos no período de 4 a 12 horas e 12 a 24 horas sem realizar a higienização das máscaras. Dentro desse período está inserida a jornada de trabalho dos funcionários da instituição, que acabam por passar mais tempo utilizando apenas uma máscara. Conclusão: O presente estudo concluiu que a utilização de máscaras de tecido é um importante método de barreira na prevenção à contaminação por microrganismos. Como resultado, apresentou dados relevantes no grupo de estudantes e funcionários, que faz comparação de UFC entre eles, obtendo-se um valor de p<0,05. Isso acontece pelo fato dos funcionários transitarem em locais diferentes e uso prolongado da máscara durante a jornada de trabalho. Portanto, se faz necessário o uso e higienização de forma correta recomendados pelos órgãos sanitários, assim tendo controle da transmissão e maior saúde para a população

Genome of the Avirulent Human-Infective Trypanosome—Trypanosoma rangeli

Background: Trypanosoma rangeli is a hemoflagellate protozoan parasite infecting humans and other wild and domestic mammals across Central and South America. It does not cause human disease, but it can be mistaken for the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi. We have sequenced the T. rangeli genome to provide new tools for elucidating the distinct and intriguing biology of this species and the key pathways related to interaction with its arthropod and mammalian hosts.  Methodology/Principal Findings: The T. rangeli haploid genome is ,24 Mb in length, and is the smallest and least repetitive trypanosomatid genome sequenced thus far. This parasite genome has shorter subtelomeric sequences compared to those of T. cruzi and T. brucei; displays intraspecific karyotype variability and lacks minichromosomes. Of the predicted 7,613 protein coding sequences, functional annotations could be determined for 2,415, while 5,043 are hypothetical proteins, some with evidence of protein expression. 7,101 genes (93%) are shared with other trypanosomatids that infect humans. An ortholog of the dcl2 gene involved in the T. brucei RNAi pathway was found in T. rangeli, but the RNAi machinery is non-functional since the other genes in this pathway are pseudogenized. T. rangeli is highly susceptible to oxidative stress, a phenotype that may be explained by a smaller number of anti-oxidant defense enzymes and heatshock proteins.  Conclusions/Significance: Phylogenetic comparison of nuclear and mitochondrial genes indicates that T. rangeli and T. cruzi are equidistant from T. brucei. In addition to revealing new aspects of trypanosome co-evolution within the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, comparative genomic analysis with pathogenic trypanosomatids provides valuable new information that can be further explored with the aim of developing better diagnostic tools and/or therapeutic targets

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio