The early diagnosis of dental anomaly and its importance to the dentist

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Integrating Empirical Data and Ocean Drift Models to Better Understand Sea Turtle Strandings in Virginia

Hundreds of stranded turtles wash up deceased on Virginia’s coastline each year, yet the causes of most stranding events are poorly understood. In this thesis, a carcass drift model was developed for the Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, to predict likely locations of mortality from coastal sea turtle stranding records. First, field studies were carried out to better parameterize the drift characteristics of buoyant sea turtle carcasses, namely, probable oceanic drift times and the impact of direct wind forcing on carcass drift. Based on the duration that tethered, free-floating turtle carcasses were buoyant, we determined that oceanic drift duration of turtle carcasses was highly dependent on water temperature and varied from 2-15 days during typical late spring to early fall bay water conditions. The importance of direct wind forcing for turtle carcass drift was assessed based on track divergence rates from multiple simultaneous deployments of three types of surface drifters: bucket drifters, artificial turtles and real turtle carcasses. Turtle drift along-wind leeway was found to vary from 1-4% of wind speed, representing an added drift velocity of approximately 0.03-0.1 m/s for typical bay wind conditions. The information obtained from these field studies were used to parameterize the oceanographic carcass drift model, which was applied to reported strandings during 2009-2014. Predicted origin of stranding records with probable cause of death identified as vessel strike were compared to commercial boating data. Locations of potential hazardous turtle-vessel interactions were identified in high traffic areas of the southeastern Chesapeake Bay and James River. Commercial fishing activity of various gear types with known sea turtle interactions were compared in space to predicted mortality locations for stranded turtles classified with no apparent injuries, suggesting possible fisheries-induced mortality. Probable mortality locations for these strandings were found to vary between spring peak and summer off-peak stranding periods, but two distinct hotpots were identified in the southwest and southeast portions of the lower bay. Spatial overlap was noted between potential mortality locations and gillnet, seine, pot, and pound net fisheries. These predictions provide clear space-time locations for focusing future research and prioritizing conservation efforts. Nevertheless, the lack of fine temporal and spatial resolution fishing data limited our ability to quantitatively assess most likely causes for specific stranding events. This study both highlights the importance of addressing these data gaps and provides a meaningful conservation and management tool that can be applied to stranding data of sea turtles and other marine megafauna around the globe

Tigecycline : the use in an universitary hospital may lead to better outcomes?

Objectives: The aim of this study was to asses the use of tigecycline in differents therapeutic schemes in an universitary hospital. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, including data (prontuary review) of patients who used tigecycline at a tertiary teaching hospital from January/2015 to March/2018. Patients were divided into two groups: group “standard dose”, with patients using 100 mg as attack dose, followed by 50 mg of tigecycline every 12 hours; and group “high dose”, including patients who used 200 mg, followed by 100 mg every 12 hours. Results: 43 patients received high doses and 44, standard doses of tigecycline. The main etiological agents were Klebsiella pneumoniae (87%), which were recovered from different body sites. Overall in-hospital mortality was 55.2%, with no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05). Also, there was no difference between survival time (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Among patients enrolled in this study, there was no statistically significant difference in mortality between the two groups. Heterogeneity of types of infections is our major limitation. More studies are necessary to definitively elucidate influence of high dose’s based schemes in each particular type of infections

Maus-tratos e abusos na terceira idade: uma visão no concelho de São Roque do Pico

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciada em CriminologiaNum tempo em que as coisas são cada vez mais efémeras e banalizadas, existe uma necessidade de acentuar a necessidade de segurança e direitos, principalmente quando nos referimos a pessoas com um nível de fragilidade acrescido, como é o caso dos idosos. Este projeto divide-se em dois capítulos, um primeiro que pretende explorar teoricamente, através de pesquisa bibliográfica, a temática dos maus tratos e abusos em idosos, onde é feita uma análise nacional da situação, e uma segunda parte que se debruça sobre uma proposta de investigação e intervenção no terreno local.In a time when things are becoming more ephemeral and trivialized, there is a need to emphasize the need for security and rights, especially when we refer to people with an increased level of fragility, such as the elderly. This project is divided into two chapters, a first one that intends to theoretically explore, through bibliographic research, the theme of maltreatment and abuse in the elderly, where a national analysis of the situation is made and a second part that deals with a proposal research and intervention on the local land.N/

Análise das variáveis psicológicas ligadas ao desempenho no voleibol de praia: uma revisão integrativa e recomendações práticas

Beach volleyball is an important team sport in which physical, technical, tactical,and psychological/social aspects are fundamental to sporting performance. However, this is the first review to analyse scientific production on psychological variables in beach volleyball. This is an integrative review in which a systematic search was carried out in five electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus/EBSCO, SciELO, Scopus and BIREME) until September 2022. The terms used were "beach volleyball" OR "voleibolde praia" OR "vôlei de praia". In addition, the search included research with athletes, acute and chronic outcomes, and studies of various methods (e.g.,experimental, observational) involving psychological variables. The initial search identified 652 articles, and after the manual search and application of the inclusion criteria, 18 studies were integrated into a final synthesis.Most of the studies were published between 2011 and 2022 (n= 14; 77.78%). Observational design was the main method used (n= 10; 55.56%). The studies were grouped into nine major topics for synthesis: stress situation, activation levels, concentration, goal orientation and motivation, mental fatigue and performance, anxiety,and performance, discouraging environments, relationships between team members, coping strategies. In general, social relationships and self-control appear significant for performance; thus,coaches must serve as role models for players and sports psychologists can aid in monitoring psychological variables, team dynamics, and develop psychological skills.El vóleyplaya es un importante deporte de equipo en el que los aspectos físicos, técnicos, tácticos y psicológicos/sociales son fundamentales para el rendimiento deportivo. Sin embargo, esta es la primera revisión que analiza la producción científica sobre variables psicológicas en vóleyplaya. Se trata de una revisión integradora en la que se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en cinco bases de datos electrónicas (PubMed/MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus/EBSCO, SciELO, Scopus y BIREME) hasta septiembre de 2022. Los términos utilizados fueron "beach volleyball" OR "voleibol de praia" OR "vôlei de praia". Además, la búsqueda incluyó investigaciones con atletas, intervenciones agudas y crónicas, estudios de diversos métodos (e.g., experimentales, observacionales) que implicaran variables psicológicas. La búsqueda inicial identificó 652 artículos y, después de la búsqueda manual y la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión, 18 estudios se integraron en una síntesis final. La mayoría de los estudios fueron publicados entre 2011 y 2022 (n= 14; 77.78%). El diseño observacional fue el principal método utilizado (n= 10; 55.56%). Los estudios se agruparon en nueve grandes temas para la síntesis: situación de estrés, niveles de activación, concentración, orientación a objetivos y motivación, fatiga mental y rendimiento, ansiedad y rendimiento, entornos desalentadores, relaciones entre los miembros del equipo, estrategias de afrontamiento. Las relaciones sociales y el autocontrol parecen ser importantes para el rendimiento, por lo quelos entrenadores deben comportarse como modelos para los deportistas. Además, los psicólogosdeportivos pueden ayudar a controlar las variables psicológicas, la dinámica del equipo y a desarrollar habilidades psicológicas.O voleibol de praia é um importante esporte coletivo em que aspectos físicos, técnicos, táticos e psicológicos/sociais são fundamentais para o desempenho esportivo. No entanto, esta é a primeira revisão que teve como objetivo analisar a produção científica sobre variáveis psicológicas no voleibol de praia. Essa é uma revisão integrativa em que foi realizada uma busca em cinco bases de dados eletrônicas (PubMed/MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus/EBSCO, SciELO, Scopus e BIREME) até setembro de 2022, de forma sistemática. Os temos usados foram “beach volleyball” OU “voleibol de praia” OU “vôlei de praia”. Além disso, foram incluídos nessa busca pesquisas com atletas, intervenções agudas e crônicas, estudos de vários métodos (e.g., experimental, observacional) que envolviam variáveis psicológicas. A busca inicial identificou 652 artigos, após a busca manual e aplicação dos critérios de inclusão, 18 estudos foram integrados a uma síntese final. A maioria dos estudos foi publicada entre 2011 e 2022 (n= 14; 77.78%). O desenho observacional foi o principal método utilizado (n= 10; 55.56%). Os estudos foram agrupados em nove grandes tópicos para síntese: situação de estresse, níveis de ativação, concentração, orientação para metas e motivação, fadiga mental e desempenho, ansiedade e desempenho, ambientes desanimadores, relacionamento entre as partes da equipe, estratégias de enfrentamento. As relações sociais e o autocontrole parecem importantes para o desempenho, portanto treinadores devem se comporta como modelo para os atletas. Além disso, psicólogos do esporte podem ajudar a monitorizar as variáveis psicológicas, na dinâmica da equipa e desenvolver de competências psicológica

Beyond the Ring: Vegan Fighter

Omowale Adewale, an amateur MMA fighter and boxer, spends his time outside the ring as director of Grassroots Artists MovEment (G.A.ME), an organization in the Bronx dedicated to provide resources to low-income residents like healthcare, access to healthy foods via means of gardening and youth incarceration prevention programs. He has been the director of G.A.ME since 2001 and routinely visits classrooms where he provides lectures on how to eat healthy foods-even incorporating vegan foods and implement after school physical programs like boxing where he occasionally serves as a trainer

Structural characteristics and biotechnological applications of frutalin: lectin extracted from Artocarpus incisa

Frutalin is a lectin extracted from the seeds of Artocarpus incisa, which belongs to the Moreacae family. This family consists of approximately 75 genera and 1,550 tropical species that commonly found in pan-tropical regions. Frutalin has attracted the attention of researchers due to its ability to recognize carbohydrates in cell membranes with modifications in the glycosylation pattern. Therefore, frutalin presents a striking potential to be used as biomarker of cancer cells. Despite having a great biotechnological potential, research involving this lectin is still limited. Thus, the aim of this review is to discuss the structural and functional characteristics of frutalin, properties, the mechanisms of action, as well as the biotechnological applications of this lectin

Glycosylation with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) induces vascular dysfunction via production of superoxide anion/reactive oxygen species

Overproduction of superoxide anion (•O2-) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc)-modification in the vascular system are contributors to endothelial dysfunction. This study tested the hypothesis that increased levels of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins contribute to •O2- production via activation of NADPH oxidase, resulting in impaired vasodilation. Rat aortic segments and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMCs) were incubated with vehicle (methanol) or PUGNAc (100 µM). PUGNAc produced a time-dependent increase in O-GlcNAc levels in VSMC and decreased endothelium-dependent relaxation, which was prevented by apocynin and Tiron, suggesting that •O2- contributes to endothelial dysfunction under augmented O-GlcNAc levels. Aortic segments incubated with PUGNAc also exhibited increased levels of ROS, assessed by dihydroethidium fluorescence, and augmented •O2- production, determined by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. Additionally, PUGNAc treatment increased Nox1 and Nox4 protein expression in aorta and VSMCs. Translocation of p47phox subunit from the cytosol to the membrane was greater in aortas incubated with PUGNAc. VSMCs displayed increased p22phox protein expression after PUGNAc incubation, suggesting that NADPH oxidase is activated in conditions where O-GlcNAc protein levels are increased. In conclusion, O-GlcNAc levels reduce endothelium-dependent relaxation by overproduction of •O2- via activation of NADPH oxidase. This may represent an additional mechanism by which augmented O-GlcNAc levels impair vascular function

E o Sujeito do Quarto Mundo? A Cosmovisão Ameríndia Contra a Autodeterminação Eurocêntrica

This paper aims at engaging with Baxi’s article “The Dust of Empire: the Dialectic of Self-Determination and Re-colonization in the First Phase of the Cold War” by arguing that self-determination, as defined during the Cold War, does not include indigenous peoples Cosmovision. Considering that Amerindians were not part of the economic pattern imposed to the Third World during that period, the “self” in the eurocentric lens of self-determination excludes indigenous peoples’ selves and condemns them to being silenced, excluded, or extinct, that is, permanent victims of epistemicide. This paper uses a deductive method based on a bibliographic analysis to discuss the topic through perspectivism, as well as the Fourth-World Approaches to International Law (FWAIL). On the one hand, perspectivism emphasizes the spiritual relationship between indigenous people and nature, which is part of the amerindian cosmovision. FWAIL scholars, on the other hand, argue that international law fails to recognize indigenous peoples’ true collective selves, perpetuating the denial of their rights through the appropriation of their resources, territory and bodies. In this sense, through a critical analysis, it is advanced that such universal view put forward by global north during the Cold War is not only incapable of dealing with the cultural differences that self-determination, seen through the Amerindian cosmovision, implies, but also the reason why they are recurring victims of violations of rights. ILO convention no. 107, the Brazilian legal framework and the country’s recurring excluding actions are examples of it. At the end, it is suggested that proper attention given to the indigenous “self” seems to be a better way to contribute thoroughly to a true collective self-determination debate. KEYWORDS: Self-determination; Cosmovision; Amerindian; Fourth World Approaches to International Law (FWAIL).Este artigo tem como objetivo se envolver com o artigo de Baxi “The Dust of Empire: the Dialectic of Self-Determination and Re-colonization in the First Phase of the Cold War" (A Poeira do Império: a Dialética da Autodeterminação e Recolonização na Primeira Fase da Guerra Fria)”, argumentando que a autodeterminação, como definida durante a Guerra Fria, não inclui a cosmovisão dos povos indígenas. Considerando que os ameríndios não faziam parte do padrão econômico imposto ao Terceiro Mundo durante esse período, o “self” na lente eurocêntrica da autodeterminação exclui o “eu” dos povos indígenas e os condena a serem silenciados, excluídos ou extintos, isto é, vítimas permanentes do epistemicídio. Este artigo utiliza um método dedutivo baseado em uma análise bibliográfica para discutir o tema por meio do perspectivismo, bem como as Abordagens do Quarto Mundo ao Direito Internacional (FWAIL). Por um lado, o perspectivismo enfatiza a relação espiritual entre os povos indígenas e a natureza, que faz parte da cosmovisão ameríndia. Os estudiosos da FWAIL, por outro lado, argumentam que o direito internacional não reconhece os verdadeiros “eus” coletivos dos povos indígenas, perpetuando a negação de seus direitos através da apropriação de seus recursos, territórios e corpos. Nesse sentido, por meio de uma análise crítica, avança-se que tal visão universal apresentada pelo norte global durante a Guerra Fria não é apenas incapaz de lidar com as diferenças culturais que a autodeterminação, vista através da cosmovisão ameríndia, mas implica, também, a razão pela qual eles são vítimas recorrentes de violações de direitos. A Convenção nº 107 da OIT, o arcabouço legal brasileiro e as recorrentes ações excludentes do país são exemplos disso. Ao final, sugere-se que a devida atenção dada ao “eu” indígena parece ser uma maneira melhor de contribuir completamente para um verdadeiro debate coletivo de autodeterminação. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Autodeterminação; Cosmovisão; Ameríndio; Abordagens do Quarto Mundo ao Direito Internacional (FWAIL)

Implications of iron nanoparticles in spontaneous coal combustion and the effects on climatic variables

Atmosphere, water, and soil contamination with toxic compounds is a recurrent issue due to environmental disasters, coal burning, urbanization, and industrialization, allf of which have contributed to soil contamination over the decades. Consequently, understanding of the nanomineralogy and potential hazardous elements (PHEs) in coal area soil are always a vital topic since contaminated soil can affect the environment, agricultural safety, and human health. Colombian coal mining in the La Guajira zone has been usually been related with important health and ecological effects. Coalmine rejects from active and/or abandoned operations are causes of high intensities of potential hazardous elements (PHEs) and nanoparticles (NPs, minerals and/or amorphous compounds). Although these pollutants can be reduced by sorption to NPs, in this study was recognized an analytical procedure for understand distribution of PHEs and their relationship to iron NPs(Fe-NPs) was recognized. Non and poorrly crystalline Fe-NPs performances as the major PHEs association. This complex interaction is constant and efficient in resolving PHEs in proportions above monitoring quantities. The indefinite basis of PHEs in Colombian (La Guajira area) coalmine rejects sources results in years-long leaching of PHEs into rivers and drainages. The iron-clays and their great geomobility interfere the mitigating character that Fe hydr/oxides alone show through adsorption of PHEs and their control in spontaneous coal combustion (SCC) zones. This can have significant consequences to the probable availability of several pollutants (e.g. drinking water). The new results presented in this study add novel viewpoints into the description of Fe-NPs and its incidence in SCC areas. The methodology utilized in this work can be applied as a supplementary technique to evaluate the influence of coalmining actions on ecological and human health