Mathematics Anxiety Factors and Their Influence on Performance in Mathematics in Selected International Schools in Bangkok

The objectives of this study were: 1) To determine the level of Performance in Mathematics of Grade 4 students in selected international schools in Bangkok in terms of Knowledge skills, Comprehension skills, Application skills, Analysis skills, Synthesis Skills, and Evaluation skills; 2) To determine the level of Mathematics Anxiety of Grade 4 students in terms of Cognitive factors, Psychological factors, Physical factors, and Environmental factors; 3) To investigate the influence of Math Anxiety factors on Performance in Mathematics. The study utilized the descriptive method. The instrument employed for collecting the data was a Math Anxiety Opinionnaire (MARS) developed by Richardson and Suinn (1972), and its many shorter derivations (Alexander & Martray, 1989; Plake & Parker, 1982; Rounds &Hendel, 1980; Suinn & Winston, 2003). The Math Test was based on the curriculum of Grade 4. The statistics used for the treatment of the data were mean, standard deviation(s.d.), standard error mean (s.e.mean), coefficient of variation(C.V.),rank and ANOVA. The results showed that the highest level of Performance in Mathematics is in the Comprehension skills and the lowest is Knowledge skills. Environmental factors produce the highest level of anxiety among the students. Physical factors had the highest influence on Performance in Mathematics

Role of extent of resection on quality of life in patients with newly diagnosed GBM

Glioblastomas known for their adverse outcomes are most reportedly managed by surgical resection. Studies on the impact of (Extent of Resection) EOR against Quality of Life (QOL) are very limited. We have collected data from recent studies in this review to extract a general consensus among the neurosurgeons regarding the EOR. Key parameters like functional independence, neurocognitive improvements and global health status have been explored in the context of QOL. The currently available data suggests that an increased EOR may help improve QOL in GBM patients. With the help of recent advancements it may be possible to attain a better extent of resection while operating on GBMs

A Secure Storage Management & Auditing Scheme for Cloud Storage

Cloud computing is an evolving domain that provides many on-demand services that are used by many businesses on daily basis. Massive growth in cloud storage results in new data centers which are hosted by a large number of servers. As number of data centers increases enormous amount of energy consumption also increases. Now cloud service providers are looking for environmental friendly alternatives to reduce energy consumption. Data storage requires huge amount of resources and management. Due to increasing amount of demand for data storage new frameworks needed to store and manage data at a low cost. Also to prevent data from unauthorized access cloud service provider must provide data access control. Data access control is an effective way to ensure data storage security within cloud. For data storage cost minimization we are using DCT compression technique to ensure data compression without compromising the quality of the data. For data access control and security asymmetric cryptographic algorithm RSA is used. For data auditing we have used MD5 with RSA to generate digital signatures, In proposed work we tried to cover all attributes in terms of efficiency, performance and security in cloud computing

Assessment of radiographic morphology of mandibular condyles: a radiographic study

Background: Panoramic radiographs are the most common radiographic tool used by the dental clinicians to evaluate teeth, mandible and other related structures of the jaws. Mandibular condyle is an important anatomical landmark for facial growth, expressed in an upward and backward direction. The presentation of mandibular condyle differs widely among different group of ages and individuals. Materials and methods: The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from Nov 2018 to March 2019 at Dow International Dental College (DIDC) Karachi that includes radiographic evaluation of 500 mandibular condyles. All retrievable OPGs were obtained and data were extracted regarding age, gender and condylar morphology. Results: The morphological appearances of mandibular condyle have great variation among different age groups and subjects. Normally we recognize five basic shapes i.e. Oval, Bird beak, crooked finger, diamond and mixed. Out of 250 pair of condylar heads that were evaluated, 50% were oval, 40% bird beak, 4.8% crooked finger and diamond 4.8%. Conclusions: All four morphological types of mandibular condyles were observed and the oval shape condyles were most prevalent among both genders and all age groups. In future studies, the inclusion of other parameters and large sample size may provide unique information

A new estimation of nonlinear contact forces of railway vehicle

The core part of any study of rolling stock behavior is the wheel-track interaction patch because the forces produced at the wheel-track interface govern the dynamic behavior of the whole railway vehicle. It is significant to know the nature of the contact force to design more effective vehicle dynamics control systems and condition monitoring systems. However, it is hard to find the status of this adhesion force due to its complexity, highly non-linear nature, and also affected with an unpredictable operation environment. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model-based estimation technique using the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) with inertial sensors to estimate non-linear wheelset dynamics in variable adhesion conditions. The proposed model results show the robust performance of the EKF algorithm in dry, wet/rain, greasy, and fully contaminated track conditions in traction and braking modes of a railway vehicle. The proposed model is related to the other works in the area of wheel-rail systems and a tradeoff exists in all conditions. This model is very useful in condition monitoring systems for railway asset management to avoid accidents and derailment of a trai

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

SummaryBackground The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing national and subnational assessments spanning the past 25 years, this study can inform debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. Methods We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease Study to estimate attributable deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and trends in exposure by age group, sex, year, and geography for 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2015. This study included 388 risk-outcome pairs that met World Cancer Research Fund-defined criteria for convincing or probable evidence. We extracted relative risk and exposure estimates from randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources. We used statistical models to pool data, adjust for bias, and incorporate covariates. We developed a metric that allows comparisons of exposure across risk factors—the summary exposure value. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk level, we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. We decomposed trends in attributable burden into contributions from population growth, population age structure, risk exposure, and risk-deleted cause-specific DALY rates. We characterised risk exposure in relation to a Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Findings Between 1990 and 2015, global exposure to unsafe sanitation, household air pollution, childhood underweight, childhood stunting, and smoking each decreased by more than 25%. Global exposure for several occupational risks, high body-mass index (BMI), and drug use increased by more than 25% over the same period. All risks jointly evaluated in 2015 accounted for 57·8% (95% CI 56·6–58·8) of global deaths and 41·2% (39·8–42·8) of DALYs. In 2015, the ten largest contributors to global DALYs among Level 3 risks were high systolic blood pressure (211·8 million [192·7 million to 231·1 million] global DALYs), smoking (148·6 million [134·2 million to 163·1 million]), high fasting plasma glucose (143·1 million [125·1 million to 163·5 million]), high BMI (120·1 million [83·8 million to 158·4 million]), childhood undernutrition (113·3 million [103·9 million to 123·4 million]), ambient particulate matter (103·1 million [90·8 million to 115·1 million]), high total cholesterol (88·7 million [74·6 million to 105·7 million]), household air pollution (85·6 million [66·7 million to 106·1 million]), alcohol use (85·0 million [77·2 million to 93·0 million]), and diets high in sodium (83·0 million [49·3 million to 127·5 million]). From 1990 to 2015, attributable DALYs declined for micronutrient deficiencies, childhood undernutrition, unsafe sanitation and water, and household air pollution; reductions in risk-deleted DALY rates rather than reductions in exposure drove these declines. Rising exposure contributed to notable increases in attributable DALYs from high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose, occupational carcinogens, and drug use. Environmental risks and childhood undernutrition declined steadily with SDI; low physical activity, high BMI, and high fasting plasma glucose increased with SDI. In 119 countries, metabolic risks, such as high BMI and fasting plasma glucose, contributed the most attributable DALYs in 2015. Regionally, smoking still ranked among the leading five risk factors for attributable DALYs in 109 countries; childhood underweight and unsafe sex remained primary drivers of early death and disability in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Interpretation Declines in some key environmental risks have contributed to declines in critical infectious diseases. Some risks appear to be invariant to SDI. Increasing risks, including high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose, drug use, and some occupational exposures, contribute to rising burden from some conditions, but also provide opportunities for intervention. Some highly preventable risks, such as smoking, remain major causes of attributable DALYs, even as exposure is declining. Public policy makers need to pay attention to the risks that are increasingly major contributors to global burden. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years : an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Background Many countries have shown marked declines in diarrhoea! disease mortality among children younger than 5 years. With this analysis, we provide updated results on diarrhoeal disease mortality among children younger than 5 years from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 (GBD 2017) and use the study's comparative risk assessment to quantify trends and effects of risk factors, interventions, and broader sociodemographic development on mortality changes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017. Methods This analysis for GBD 2017 had three main components. Diarrhoea mortality was modelled using vital registration data, demographic surveillance data, and verbal autopsy data in a predictive, Bayesian, ensemble modelling tool; and the attribution of risk factors and interventions for diarrhoea were modelled in a counterfactual framework that combines modelled population-level prevalence of the exposure to each risk or intervention with the relative risk of diarrhoea given exposure to that factor. We assessed the relative and absolute change in diarrhoea mortality rate between 1990 and 2017, and used the change in risk factor exposure and sociodemographic status to explain differences in the trends of diarrhoea mortality among children younger than 5 years. Findings Diarrhoea was responsible for an estimated 533 768 deaths (95% uncertainty interval 477 162-593 145) among children younger than 5 years globally in 2017, a rate of 78.4 deaths (70.1-87.1) per 100 000 children. The diarrhoea mortality rate ranged between countries by over 685 deaths per 100 000 children. Diarrhoea mortality per 100 000 globally decreased by 69.6% (63.1-74.6) between 1990 and 2017. Among the risk factors considered in this study, those responsible for the largest declines in the diarrhoea mortality rate were reduction in exposure to unsafe sanitation (13.3% decrease, 11.2-15.5), childhood wasting (9.9% decrease, 9.6-10.2), and low use of oral rehydration solution (6.9% decrease, 4-8-8-4). Interpretation Diarrhoea mortality has declined substantially since 1990, although there are variations by country. Improvements in sociodemographic indicators might explain some of these trends, but changes in exposure to risk factors-particularly unsafe sanitation, childhood growth failure, and low use of oral rehydration solution-appear to be related to the relative and absolute rates of decline in diarrhoea mortality. Although the most effective interventions might vary by country or region, identifying and scaling up the interventions aimed at preventing and protecting against diarrhoea that have already reduced diarrhoea mortality could further avert many thousands of deaths due to this illness. Copyright (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe