Bosnia and the destruction of cultural heritage

Located at numerous historical interfaces (i.e. between Eastern and Western Christendom, and between the Ottoman and Habsburg empires), Bosnia and Herzegovina boasts an exquisite cultural heritage, with a rich ethnic and religious diversity. Unlike other Yugoslav countries, Bosnia and Herzegovina was home to a demographic patchwork comprising three principal ethno-national/ethno-religious groups: Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims), Bosnian Croats (Roman Catholics) and Bosnian Serbs (Orthodox Christians). This proved to be the trigger point for a very aggressive race for territory and ethno-national exclusivism in Bosnia after the breakup of Yugoslavia. This, among other things, resulted in the systematic and deliberate destruction of cultural and religious heritage during the 1992–1995 Bosnian War

Systems approaches and algorithms for discovery of combinatorial therapies

Effective therapy of complex diseases requires control of highly non-linear complex networks that remain incompletely characterized. In particular, drug intervention can be seen as control of signaling in cellular networks. Identification of control parameters presents an extreme challenge due to the combinatorial explosion of control possibilities in combination therapy and to the incomplete knowledge of the systems biology of cells. In this review paper we describe the main current and proposed approaches to the design of combinatorial therapies, including the empirical methods used now by clinicians and alternative approaches suggested recently by several authors. New approaches for designing combinations arising from systems biology are described. We discuss in special detail the design of algorithms that identify optimal control parameters in cellular networks based on a quantitative characterization of control landscapes, maximizing utilization of incomplete knowledge of the state and structure of intracellular networks. The use of new technology for high-throughput measurements is key to these new approaches to combination therapy and essential for the characterization of control landscapes and implementation of the algorithms. Combinatorial optimization in medical therapy is also compared with the combinatorial optimization of engineering and materials science and similarities and differences are delineated.Comment: 25 page

Radiocarbon Measurements and the Holocene and Late Würm Sealevel Rise

researc

Paleotemperature Changes in the Upper and Middle Pleistocene

Aus festländischen und marinen Daten wird gefolgert, daß die Glazialzeiten des mittleren und oberen Pleistozäns zeitlich von gleicher Größenordnung waren. Die Temperaturen der einzelnen Eiszeiten waren nicht genau gleich: jede jüngere Eiszeit war ein wenig kälter als die vorhergehende; das gleiche gilt für die Interglaziale. Mit allen bekannten Daten wird eine generalisierte Paläotemperatur-Kurve konstruiert, welche den Trend der Temperatur-Entwicklung vom Mindel bis heute (ca. 400 000 Jahre) zeigt.researc

Physical Aspects Of Chemotaxis And Proliferation Of Dictyostelium Discoideum Amoeba

In this dissertation, we explore two aspects of Dictyostelium discoideum life cycle, chemotaxis and proliferation. We use Shannon's information theory to study the physical limits of chemotaxis due to the stochastic process of ligands binding and unbinding to cell receptors (receptor noise). Using microfluidic experiments, we show that cells acquire much more information than the contemporary application of this theory allows. Next, we investigate how cells modify their extracellular environment by secreting enzymes that degrade chemoattractants and show that simple first order degradation leads to the significant improvement of the receptor signal-to-noise ratio of chemical gradients. Finally, we investigate the seemingly solitary vegetative phase of the same cells and find that they synchronize their growth after transferring from suspension culture to substrate. We show that this synchronization can be suppressed using microfluidic flow experiments, indicating that the synchronization is a collective behavior mediated by a diffusible molecule

PROMISING THE DREAM: changing destination image of London through the effect of website place

Drawing on theories of place identity and social identity, this study aims to fill a gap in place identity studies regarding the effect of a place website on the destination image of customers/visitors/tourists. The research addresses three questions: (1) what are the main impacts of tourists’ attitude on place identity and the place website, (2) what are the factors that influence destination image, and (3) what are the main impacts of a favorable destination image? The favorability of a destination image is reflected by the extent to which visitors positively regard that place website. Results reveal the importance of the destination image in enhancing the intention to revisit and recommend. Also, visitors’ satisfaction impacts on their intention to revisit and recommend the place. Significant implications for place managers and researchers are highlighted

MADNet: microarray database network web server

MADNet is a user-friendly data mining and visualization tool for rapid analysis of diverse high-throughput biological data such as microarray, phage display or even metagenome experiments. It presents biological information in the context of metabolic and signalling pathways, transcription factors and drug targets through minimal user input, consisting only of the file with the experimental data. These data are integrated with information stored in various biological databases such as NCBI nucleotide and protein databases, metabolic and signalling pathway databases (KEGG), transcription regulation (TRANSFAC©) and drug target database (DrugBank). MADNet is freely available for academic use at http://www.bioinfo.hr/madnet

New national and regional bryophyte records, 52

[Abstract Not Available]Natural History Museum, London; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi [BSC-0106]; SAC, ISRO, Ahmadabad, India [3329]; Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre [61-10: 70184219]; 'Kornyezetiparhoz kapcsolodo innovativ transz- es interdiszciplinaris kutatoi team fejlesztese a PTE tudomanyos bazisan' (Hungary), Public Institution Nature Park Papuk (Croatia) [TAMOP 4.2.2.D-15/1/KONV-2015-0015]; New National Excellence Program of the Ministry of Human Capacities (Hungary) [UNKP-16-2]; Russian Foundation for the Basic Researches [15-34-20101]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [15-04-03479-a, 16-44-110167]; Russian Science Foundation (RNF) [14-50-00029]; Spanish government (FEDER) [CGL2015-64068-P]; statutory fund of the W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Environmental Technologies [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0100]; National Feasibility Programme I of the Czech Republic [LO1208]; SYNTHESYS project [DE-TAF-4436]; Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences [01201255616]; RFBR [16-04-01156]; Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK) [114Z337]; Institute of Biology Bucharest of Romanian Academy [RO1567-IBB03/2017]; Natural History Museum, London; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi [BSC-0106]; SAC, ISRO, Ahmadabad, India [3329]; Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre [61-10: 70184219]; 'Kornyezetiparhoz kapcsolodo innovativ transz- es interdiszciplinaris kutatoi team fejlesztese a PTE tudomanyos bazisan' (Hungary), Public Institution Nature Park Papuk (Croatia) [TAMOP 4.2.2.D-15/1/KONV-2015-0015]; New National Excellence Program of the Ministry of Human Capacities (Hungary) [UNKP-16-2]; Russian Foundation for the Basic Researches [15-34-20101]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [15-04-03479-a, 16-44-110167]; Russian Science Foundation (RNF) [14-50-00029]; Spanish government (FEDER) [CGL2015-64068-P]; statutory fund of the W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Environmental Technologies [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0100]; National Feasibility Programme I of the Czech Republic [LO1208]; SYNTHESYS project [DE-TAF-4436]; Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences [01201255616]; RFBR [16-04-01156]; Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK) [114Z337]; Institute of Biology Bucharest of Romanian Academy [RO1567-IBB03/2017]; [AAAA-A16-116021010241-9]This work was supported by The Natural History Museum, London (BM). T. Kiebacher is grateful to H. Kockinger for determining the specimen of Schistidium grande. N. G. Hodgetts would like to thank Ron Porley for redetermining specimens of Grimmia dissimulata from Madeira. V. Sahu, A. K. Asthana and K. K. Rawat are grateful to the Director, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow for encouragement and providing the facilities and the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi for financial support (BSC-0106). Thanks are also due to the authorities of GWLS, Forest Department, Uttarakhand for providing permission and facilities to visit the area. Financial support from SAC, ISRO, Ahmadabad, India under project no. 3329 entitled 'Alpine ecosystem dynamics and impact of climate change in Indian Himalaya (PRACRITIII)' is also acknowledged.r K. Hassel and H. Weibull thank the Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre who financed the project 'Bryophytes of poorly known habitats in Norway, a field survey' 61-10: 70184219. The research by J. Deme, A. Alegro, D. Kovacs, D. Purger, V. Segota and J. Csiky was supported by: 'TAMOP 4.2.2.D-15/1/KONV-2015-0015 Kornyezetiparhoz kapcsolodo innovativ transz- es interdiszciplinaris kutatoi team fejlesztese a PTE tudomanyos bazisan' (Hungary), Public Institution Nature Park Papuk (Croatia) and the work of Judit Deme was supported by the UNKP-16-2 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry of Human Capacities (Hungary). The work of V. Bakalin & K. Klimova was supported by the grant from the Russian Foundation for the Basic Researches (15-34-20101). The research of M. V. Dulin was performed with the financial support of Project No AAAA-A16-116021010241-9: Vegetation structural and functional organization, diversity of flora, lichen- and mycobiota of southern part of the 'Yugyd va' national park (2016-2018) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Projects. 15-04-03479-a, No 16-44-110167). Bryophyte investigations in Asturias by M. Infante and P. Heras have benefited from the Flora Briofitica Iberica project (Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia: Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 2014-2016 CGL2013-40624-P). The work of V. Fedosov was partly supported by Grant # 14-50-00029 'Scientific basis of the national biobankdepository of the living systems' (branch 'Plants') from Russian Science Foundation (RNF). Y.-J. Yoon, S.J. Park and B.-Y. Sun would like to express our deepest gratitude to the late Dr Benito C. Tan for correcting our English text and making valuable suggestions. The work of M. J. Cano and J. Guerra was carried out with financial support from the Spanish government (project CGL2015-64068-P co-financed by FEDER). The contributions by R. Ochyra have been financed through the statutory fund of the W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences. He is also grateful to the curators at BG and E for organising the loan of specimens. The field work of M. Lebouvier and R. Ochyra on Iles Crozet was organised within the programme 136 ECOBIO of the French Polar Institute (IPEV). The contribution by V. Plasek is part of research projects of the Institute of Environmental Technologies, reg. No. CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0100, the National Feasibility Programme I of the Czech Republic Project LO1208 and SYNTHESYS project DE-TAF-4436. K. Barath and P. Erzberger thank L. Meinunger and W. Schroder, Ludwigsstadt (Germany), for confirming the identity of Plagiothecium latebricola. The work of I. V. r Czernyadjeva was carried out within the framework of the institutional research project (no. 01201255616) of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and partially supported by RFBR (grants no. 16-04-01156). T. Ezer, G. Uyar, M. Oren and M. Alatas, gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK, Project Number: 114Z337). S. S, tefa. nut, acknowledges the support by project no. RO1567-IBB03/2017 through the Institute of Biology Bucharest of Romanian Academy