122 research outputs found
Paleotemperature Changes in the Upper and Middle Pleistocene
Aus festlƤndischen und marinen Daten wird gefolgert, daĆ die Glazialzeiten des mittleren und oberen PleistozƤns zeitlich von gleicher GrƶĆenordnung waren. Die Temperaturen der einzelnen Eiszeiten waren nicht genau gleich: jede jĆ¼ngere Eiszeit war ein wenig kƤlter als die vorhergehende; das gleiche gilt fĆ¼r die Interglaziale. Mit allen bekannten Daten wird eine generalisierte PalƤotemperatur-Kurve konstruiert, welche den Trend der Temperatur-Entwicklung vom Mindel bis heute (ca. 400 000 Jahre) zeigt.researc
Bosnia and the destruction of cultural heritage
Located at numerous historical interfaces (i.e. between Eastern and Western Christendom, and between the Ottoman and Habsburg empires), Bosnia and Herzegovina boasts an exquisite cultural heritage, with a rich ethnic and religious diversity. Unlike other Yugoslav countries, Bosnia and Herzegovina was home to a demographic patchwork comprising three principal ethno-national/ethno-religious groups: Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims), Bosnian Croats (Roman Catholics) and Bosnian Serbs (Orthodox Christians). This proved to be the trigger point for a very aggressive race for territory and ethno-national exclusivism in Bosnia after the breakup of Yugoslavia. This, among other things, resulted in the systematic and deliberate destruction of cultural and religious heritage during the 1992ā1995 Bosnian War
Recommended from our members
Book review: The International Handbook on Tourism and Peace by Wohlmuther, C., & Wintersteiner, W. (Eds.)
Physical Aspects Of Chemotaxis And Proliferation Of Dictyostelium Discoideum Amoeba
In this dissertation, we explore two aspects of Dictyostelium discoideum life cycle, chemotaxis and proliferation. We use Shannon's information theory to study the physical limits of chemotaxis due to the stochastic process of ligands binding and unbinding to cell receptors (receptor noise). Using microfluidic experiments, we show that cells acquire much more information than the contemporary application of this theory allows. Next, we investigate how cells modify their extracellular environment by secreting enzymes that degrade chemoattractants and show that simple first order degradation leads to the significant improvement of the receptor signal-to-noise ratio of chemical gradients. Finally, we investigate the seemingly solitary vegetative phase of the same cells and find that they synchronize their growth after transferring from suspension culture to substrate. We show that this synchronization can be suppressed using microfluidic flow experiments, indicating that the synchronization is a collective behavior mediated by a diffusible molecule
Systems approaches and algorithms for discovery of combinatorial therapies
Effective therapy of complex diseases requires control of highly non-linear
complex networks that remain incompletely characterized. In particular, drug
intervention can be seen as control of signaling in cellular networks.
Identification of control parameters presents an extreme challenge due to the
combinatorial explosion of control possibilities in combination therapy and to
the incomplete knowledge of the systems biology of cells. In this review paper
we describe the main current and proposed approaches to the design of
combinatorial therapies, including the empirical methods used now by clinicians
and alternative approaches suggested recently by several authors. New
approaches for designing combinations arising from systems biology are
described. We discuss in special detail the design of algorithms that identify
optimal control parameters in cellular networks based on a quantitative
characterization of control landscapes, maximizing utilization of incomplete
knowledge of the state and structure of intracellular networks. The use of new
technology for high-throughput measurements is key to these new approaches to
combination therapy and essential for the characterization of control
landscapes and implementation of the algorithms. Combinatorial optimization in
medical therapy is also compared with the combinatorial optimization of
engineering and materials science and similarities and differences are
delineated.Comment: 25 page
MADNet: microarray database network web server
MADNet is a user-friendly data mining and visualization tool for rapid analysis of diverse high-throughput biological data such as microarray, phage display or even metagenome experiments. It presents biological information in the context of metabolic and signalling pathways, transcription factors and drug targets through minimal user input, consisting only of the file with the experimental data. These data are integrated with information stored in various biological databases such as NCBI nucleotide and protein databases, metabolic and signalling pathway databases (KEGG), transcription regulation (TRANSFACĀ©) and drug target database (DrugBank). MADNet is freely available for academic use at http://www.bioinfo.hr/madnet
Prebiotic-Induced Anti-tumor Immunity Attenuates Tumor Growth
Growing evidence supports the importance of gut microbiota in the control of tumor growth and response to therapy. Here, we select prebiotics that can enrich bacterial taxa that promote anti-tu- mor immunity. Addition of the prebiotics inulin or mucin to the diet of C57BL/6 mice induces anti-tu- mor immune responses and inhibition of BRAF mutant melanoma growth in a subcutaneously implanted syngeneic mouse model. Mucin fails to inhibit tumor growth in germ-free mice, indicating that the gut microbiota is required for the activation of the anti-tumor immune response. Inulin and mucin drive distinct changes in the microbiota, as inulin, but not mucin, limits tumor growth in synge- neic mouse models of colon cancer and NRAS mutant melanoma and enhances the efficacy of a MEK inhibitor against melanoma while delaying the emergence of drug resistance. We highlight the importance of gut microbiota in anti-tumor immunity and the potential therapeutic role for prebiotics in this process
PROMISING THE DREAM: changing destination image of London through the effect of website place
Drawing on theories of place identity and social identity, this study aims to fill a gap in place identity studies regarding the effect of a place website on the destination image of customers/visitors/tourists. The research addresses three questions: (1) what are the main impacts of touristsā attitude on place identity and the place website, (2) what are the factors that influence destination image, and (3) what are the main impacts of a favorable destination image? The favorability of a destination image is reflected by the extent to which visitors positively regard that place website. Results reveal the importance of the destination image in enhancing the intention to revisit and recommend. Also, visitorsā satisfaction impacts on their intention to revisit and recommend the place. Significant implications for place managers and researchers are highlighted
- ā¦