COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey dataset on psychological and behavioural consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak

This N = 173,426 social science dataset was collected through the collaborative COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey - an open science effort to improve understanding of the human experiences of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic between 30th March and 30th May, 2020. The dataset allows a cross-cultural study of psychological and behavioural responses to the Coronavirus pandemic and associated government measures like cancellation of public functions and stay at home orders implemented in many countries. The dataset contains demographic background variables as well as measures of Asian Disease Problem, perceived stress (PSS-10), availability of social provisions (SPS-10), trust in various authorities, trust in governmental measures to contain the virus (OECD trust), personality traits (BFF-15), information behaviours, agreement with the level of government intervention, and compliance with preventive measures, along with a rich pool of exploratory variables and written experiences. A global consortium from 39 countries and regions worked together to build and translate a survey with variables of shared interests, and recruited participants in 47 languages and dialects. Raw plus cleaned data and dynamic visualizations are available.Measurement(s) psychological measurement center dot anxiety-related behavior trait center dot Stress center dot response to center dot Isolation center dot loneliness measurement center dot Emotional Distress Technology Type(s) Survey Factor Type(s) geographic location center dot language center dot age of participant center dot responses to the Coronavirus pandemic Sample Characteristic - Organism Homo sapiens Sample Characteristic - Location global Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data:Peer reviewe

Stress and worry in the 2020 coronavirus pandemic : relationships to trust and compliance with preventive measures across 48 countries in the COVIDiSTRESS global survey

The COVIDiSTRESS global survey collects data on early human responses to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic from 173 429 respondents in 48 countries. The open science study was co-designed by an international consortium of researchers to investigate how psychological responses differ across countries and cultures, and how this has impacted behaviour, coping and trust in government efforts to slow the spread of the virus. Starting in March 2020, COVIDiSTRESS leveraged the convenience of unpaid online recruitment to generate public data. The objective of the present analysis is to understand relationships between psychological responses in the early months of global coronavirus restrictions and help understand how different government measures succeed or fail in changing public behaviour. There were variations between and within countries. Although Western Europeans registered as more concerned over COVID-19, more stressed, and having slightly more trust in the governments' efforts, there was no clear geographical pattern in compliance with behavioural measures. Detailed plots illustrating between-countries differences are provided. Using both traditional and Bayesian analyses, we found that individuals who worried about getting sick worked harder to protect themselves and others. However, concern about the coronavirus itself did not account for all of the variances in experienced stress during the early months of COVID-19 restrictions. More alarmingly, such stress was associated with less compliance. Further, those most concerned over the coronavirus trusted in government measures primarily where policies were strict. While concern over a disease is a source of mental distress, other factors including strictness of protective measures, social support and personal lockdown conditions must also be taken into consideration to fully appreciate the psychological impact of COVID-19 and to understand why some people fail to follow behavioural guidelines intended to protect themselves and others from infection. The Stage 1 manuscript associated with this submission received in-principle acceptance (IPA) on 18 May 2020. Following IPA, the accepted Stage 1 version of the manuscript was preregistered on the Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/g2t3b. This preregistration was performed prior to data analysis.Peer reviewe

Dünya görüşleri ve ideolojik yönelimler: kutuplaşma kuramı, ikili süreç modeli ve ahlaki temeller kuramının bütünleştirilmesi.

Scholars in the field of political psychology examined the psychological factors that underlie political orientation and contributed greatly to our understanding of the concept. However, there is still more to learn on the processes by which these factors result in ideological orientations. Integration of worldviews in the study of ideology would be valuable since they have effects on a wide range of sociopolitical beliefs attitudes and they show the route from feelings and ideas about everything, to concrete and organized ideological orientations. After reviewing Polarity Theory, Dual Process Model and Moral Foundations Theory and their postulations related to links between worldviews and ideological orientation, this thesis tests an integrative model examining the links between worldviews and ideological orientations. Results indicate that dual social worldviews of Dual Process Model constitute the schematic bases upon which the worldview constructs of Polarity Theory (i.e., humanism and normativism) and moral foundations (i.e. individualizing and binding moral foundations) build and predict the ideological orientations of individuals in an integrative manner.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra

Türkiye’de vicdani ret : bir sosyal temsil çalışması

This study has been conducted with the purpose of revealing the prevailing social representations related to conscientious objection and conscientious objectors in Turkey. In order to fulfill this aim, a media study and an interview study have been conducted. In the media study, the reports and opinion columns of five national newspapers representing various political ideologies were qualitatively analyzed over a period of three months. Results have shown that there exist prevailing representations of conscientious objection and objectors in the newspapers and that these representations are related to representations of military service, war, the homeland, and religion. Moreover, it can be seen that there are some differences in the way and the extent by which newspapers handle the issue in accordance with their political stances. For the second study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 51 adults and the contents of these interviews were qualitatively analyzed. In this study there is a parallel drawn between the social representations of conscientious objection gained through interviews and the corresponding media representations of the issue. Furthermore, the social representations of conscientious objection as acquired through the interviews as well as those discovered via a content analysis of the media, were found to both relate to the ideologies of militarism, nationalism, patriotism, and masculinity.M.S. - Master of Scienc

Keeping my distance: prejudice towards transwomen and its socio-political and moral predictors

This research aims to examine transprejudice in the Turkish cultural context and identify its socio-political and morality-based correlates. To that end, we report two studies. In Study 1, we manipulate the gender identity of a hypothetical victim in a violent criminal scenario. We find that people (N = 116) put greater social distance towards a transwoman compared to a ciswoman victim, yet do not distinguish between the two in terms of responsibility attributions. In Study 2 (N = 175), we explore the socio-political and moral underpinnings of transprejudice by focusing on the role of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO) in different forms of transprejudice through the mediating functionof moral foundations. RWA predicts greater social distance and less positive affect towards transwomen through the purity foundation; while SDO predicts lower positive affect through the care foundation. The findings show that transprejudice does exist to some extent and that RWA seems to be a potent socio-political predictor of transprejudice in Turkey. The moral foundations, on the other hand, do not seem to play the mediator role that has been shown for other prejudice domains and different cultural contexts

The Effect of Victim's Trans Identity on Attitudes towards Female Violence Victims

Türkiye'de trans bireylere ve özellikle de seks işçilerine yönelik işlenen suçlar gün geçtikçe artmakta ve bu kişilerin maruz kaldıkları şiddet nefret suçu olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Bu tür suçların ardında mağdura yönelik şiddetli bir önyargı bulunduğu ve mağdurun cinsiyet kimliğinin de şiddeti meşrulaştırıcı bir rolü olduğu düşünülerek bu deneysel çalışma tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmada, farazi bir şiddet senaryosunda cinsel birliktelik teklifini reddettiği için silahla vurulan bar şarkıcısı bir kadın konu edilmiş ve bu kadının cinsiyet kimliğinin (trans olan veya olmayan bir kadın), kendisine yönelik tutumlara (mağduru suçlama, cinselleştirme ve önyargı) olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Aynı zamanda, mağdura yönelik ve daha spesifik olan tutumların, genel anlamdaki ve toplumsal cinsiyetçi-transfobik tutumlarla (transphobia/genderism) ilişkisi de incelenmiştir. Toplumsal cinsiyetçilik / Transfobi düzeyleri eşdeğişken (covariate) olarak analize dahil edilip sabit tutulduğunda, trans kadın koşulunda mağdura yönelik önyargı ve mağduru cinselleştirme düzeyleri cis kadın ("cisgender", trans olmayan anlamında) koşuluna kıyasla daha yüksek çıkmış; ayrıca kadınlar deneysel koşuldan bağımsız olarak erkeklere kıyasla daha yüksek önyargı puanları göstermiştir. Bir anlamda bu sonuç, şiddet mağduru kadın trans olduğunda, kendisinin cinselleştirilerek, ona yönelik şiddetin daha fazla mazur görüldüğünü ve sosyal mesafe koyma arzusunun arttığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda, tamamen aynı koşullarda olsa bile trans kadın imajı görünür hale geldikten sonra, insanların bu kadına yönelik bireysel düzeydeki olumsuz tutumlarının artmakta olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, kadının toplumsal normlarca onaylanmayan bir kimliğe sahip olmasının kadına yönelik şiddetin kabulü ve haklı görülmesi üzerinde kayda değer bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu etkiyi doğuran kültürel ideolojilerin ve toplumsal normların da incelenmesi bu tarz şiddet olaylarını anlamaya ve önlemeye yönelik çabalara önemli bir katkı sunacaktır.Hate crimes towards transsexual individuals, especially sex workers, are increasing day by day. This experimental study was designed with the presumption that strong prejudice towards the victim lies behind these types of crimes and that the gender identity of the victim may play a role in legitimizing violence. In this study, a hypothetical violence scenario, in which a bar singer is shot because she rejects a sexual advance is presented. Moreover, the effect of this woman victim's gender identity (trans versus not) on the respondents' attitudes towards the victim (blaming the victim, sexualizing the victim, and prejudice) is investigated. In addition, the relationship of these attitudes with the more general attitudes of transphobia and genderism is also examined. When the transphobia/genderism were included in the model as a covariate and held constant across conditions, prejudice and victim sexualization were significantly higher in the trans woman condition compared to the cis woman condition ("cisgender", meaning "not transgender"); and women scored higher in prejudice compared to men regardless of the experimental conditions. In a way, this finding indicates that when a victim is a trans woman, she tends to be sexualized to a greater extent, expressed prejudice increases, and violence towards her may be viewed as more acceptable (excusable). Overall, the current study critically indicates that having a gender identity perceived as transgressing the existing gender norms in the society becomes the main scapegoat for the justification and legitimization of violence against women regardless of other concerns. As a future suggestion, examining cultural and societal ideologies forming the basis of such kinds of effects may move the debates about violence against women and its prevention strategies forward