Strategic Partnership in the Shadow of History

The article analyses selected problems in the implementation of the Polish-Ukrainian strategic partnership assumptions. The aspects of bilateral relations that undoubtedly made it difficult to engage in a constructive dialogue in the 21st century, were outlined. It was also pointed out that the implementation of foreign policy assumptions in both countries is often the result of a historical politics and a mythologized image of a neighbouring country. In addition, putting the historical discourse over political, economic and social took part in the events. Kwaśniewski recalled then “the bravery and merits of those soldiers problems may result in lowering the standards of democracy, and the expectation from the other side to accept a specific vision of the past may indicate that politicians are focused on domestic politics at the expense of the country’s position on the international arena

Bounds on the complex permittivity of matrix-particle composites

Journal ArticleThe complex effective dielectric constant E* of matrix-particle composites is considered. Such composites consist of separated inclusions of material of type one embedded in a matrix of material of type two. The analytic continuation method is used to derive a series of bounds which incorporate a nonpercolation assumption about the inclusions. The key step in obtaining these improved bounds is to observe that the nonpercolation assumption restricts the support of the measure in the integral representation for E* (0. Bruno, Proc. R. Soc. London A 433, 353 (1991)). The further the separation of the inclusions, the tighter the restriction on the support. The new bounds are applied to sea ice, which is assumed to consist of a pure ice matrix with random brine inclusions. Using experimental measurements of the average size and separation of the brine pockets, end points of the support of the measure can be determined, and subsequently used to find the allowed range of values of the effective dielectric constant of sea ice. The new bounds are compared with experimental data taken at 4.75 GHz, and exhibit significant improvement over previous fixed volume fraction and Hashin-Shtrikman bounds

Hypersurfaces in spaces of constant curvature satisfying a particular Roter type equation

We investigate hypersurfaces M isometrically immersed in an (n+1)-dimensional semi-Riemannian space of constant curvature, n > 3, such that the operator A^3, where A is the shape operator of M, is a linear combination of the operators A^2 and A and the identity operator Id. The main result states that on the set U of all points of M at which the square of the Ricci operator of M is not a linear combination of the Ricci operator and the identity operator, the Riemann-Christoffel curvature tensor R of M is a linear combination of some Kulkarni-Nomizu products formed by the metric tensor g, the Ricci tensor S and the tensor S^2 of M, i.e., the tensor R satisfies on U some Roter type equation. Moreover, the (0,4)-tensor R.S is on U a linear combination of some Tachibana tensors formed by the tensors g, S and S^2. In particular, if M is a hypersurface isometrically immersed in the (n+1)-dimensional Riemannian space of constant curvature, n > 3, with three distinct principal curvatures and the Ricci operator with three distinct eigenvalues then the Riemann-Christoffel curvature tensor R of M also satisfies a Roter type equation of this kind.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1911.0248

Sueños de libertad : comunicación, cumbia y cuerpos para la disputa de sentidos al encierro

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar y reflexionar sobre las configuraciones de sentidos que propician las prácticas educativas y culturales en contextos de encierro a partir de la experiencia del taller de música: “Sueños de Libertad”, realizado entre 2017 y 2019 en la Unidad Penitenciaria Nº3 de Rosario. Mediante la estrategia de indagación cualitativa busca comprender cómo opera la producción de sentido en las subjetividades y en los cuerpos de los participantes, tanto en los procesos singulares como colectivos, para dar cuenta del campo simbólico que abre. A partir de sistematizar la experiencia de “Sueños de Libertad”, historizando sus comienzos desde una perspectiva genealógica, busca analizar el poder performativo de la música, particularmente de la cumbia, en los procesos sociales. Como así también, generar preguntas que permitan interpelar-nos sobre el sentido y rol de la Universidad Pública, a los fines de problematizar los modos de intervención y producción de conocimiento. Partiendo desde una perspectiva de Derechos, la justicia cultural es un concepto necesario para comprender y abordar los escenarios de imposibilidad que establece el sistema penal.Fil: Sawicz, Micaela. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales. Escuela de Comunicación Social; Argentina

Leasing jako źródło finansowania rozwoju mikro, małych i średnich podmiotów gospodarczych

The article presents the extent of leasing use to finance the development of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). These companies finance activities mainly from their own funds contributed by owners and generated profits. In order to accelerate development they also use external funds mainly in the form of leasing. Bank loans account for only 16% of the total funding and are less accessible than leasing. In 2009–2014 leasing was mostly availed by entities from such sectors as health care and social assistance (47% of companies) and manufacturing (46.5% of companies). In order to accelerate the expansion and strengthening the market position in the area of MSME companies use leasing as a financing source for purchasing modern machinery and equipment and the replacement of machinery and equipment for the more technologically advanced. Leasing also serves as a source of funds for purchases of transport means

Using hydrologic landscape classification and climatic time series to assess hydrologic vulnerability of the western U.S. to climate

We apply the hydrologic landscape (HL) concept to assess the hydrologic vulnerability of the western United States (U.S.) to projected climate conditions. Our goal is to understand the potential impacts of hydrologic vulnerability for stakeholder-defined interests across large geographic areas. The basic assumption of the HL approach is that catchments that share similar physical and climatic characteristics are expected to have similar hydrologic characteristics. We use the hydrologic landscape vulnerability approach (HLVA) to map the HLVA index (an assessment of climate vulnerability) by integrating hydrologic landscapes into a retrospective analysis of historical data to assess variability in future climate projections and hydrology, which includes temperature, precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, snow accumulation, climatic moisture, surplus water, and seasonality of water surplus. Projections that are beyond 2 standard deviations of the historical decadal average contribute to the HLVA index for each metric. Separating vulnerability into these seven separate metrics allows stakeholders and/or water resource managers to have a more specific understanding of the potential impacts of future conditions. We also apply this approach to examine case studies. The case studies (Mt. Hood, Willamette Valley, and Napa–Sonoma Valley) are important to the ski and wine industries and illustrate how our approach might be used by specific stakeholders. The resulting vulnerability maps show that temperature and potential evapotranspiration are consistently projected to have high vulnerability indices for the western U.S. Precipitation vulnerability is not as spatially uniform as temperature. The highest-elevation areas with snow are projected to experience significant changes in snow accumulation. The seasonality vulnerability map shows that specific mountainous areas in the west are most prone to changes in seasonality, whereas many transitional terrains are moderately susceptible. This paper illustrates how HL and the HLVA can help assess climatic and hydrologic vulnerability across large spatial scales. By combining the HL concept and HLVA, resource managers could consider future climate conditions in their decisions about managing important economic and conservation resources.</p

Catchment classification:hydrological analysis of catchment behavior through process-based modeling along a climate gradient

Catchment classification is an efficient method to synthesize our understanding of how climate variability and catchment characteristics interact to define hydrological response. One way to accomplish catchment classification is to empirically relate climate and catchment characteristics to hydrologic behavior and to quantify the skill of predicting hydrologic response based on the combination of climate and catchment characteristics. Here we present results using an alternative approach that uses our current level of hydrological understanding, expressed in the form of a process-based model, to interrogate how climate and catchment characteristics interact to produce observed hydrologic response. The model uses topographic, geomorphologic, soil and vegetation information at the catchment scale and conditions parameter values using readily available data on precipitation, temperature and streamflow. It is applicable to a wide range of catchments in different climate settings. We have developed a step-by-step procedure to analyze the observed hydrologic response and to assign parameter values related to specific components of the model. We applied this procedure to 12 catchments across a climate gradient east of the Rocky Mountains, USA. We show that the model is capable of reproducing the observed hydrologic behavior measured through hydrologic signatures chosen at different temporal scales. Next, we analyze the dominant time scales of catchment response and their dimensionless ratios with respect to climate and observable landscape features in an attempt to explain hydrologic partitioning. We find that only a limited number of model parameters can be related to observable landscape features. However, several climate-model time scales, and the associated dimensionless numbers, show scaling relationships with respect to the investigated hydrological signatures (runoff coefficient, baseflow index, and slope of the flow duration curve). Moreover, some dimensionless numbers vary systematically across the climate gradient, possibly as a result of systematic co-variation of climate, vegetation and soil related time scales. If such co-variation can be shown to be robust across many catchments along different climate gradients, it opens perspective for model parameterization in ungauged catchments as well as prediction of hydrologic response in a rapidly changing environment

Uncertainty in hydrological signatures for gauged and ungauged catchments

Reliable information about hydrological behavior is needed for water‐resource management and scientific investigations. Hydrological signatures quantify catchment behavior as index values, and can be predicted for ungauged catchments using a regionalization procedure. The prediction reliability is affected by data uncertainties for the gauged catchments used in prediction and by uncertainties in the regionalization procedure. We quantified signature uncertainty stemming from discharge data uncertainty for 43 UK catchments and propagated these uncertainties in signature regionalization, while accounting for regionalization uncertainty with a weighted‐pooling‐group approach. Discharge uncertainty was estimated using Monte Carlo sampling of multiple feasible rating curves. For each sampled rating curve, a discharge time series was calculated and used in deriving the gauged signature uncertainty distribution. We found that the gauged uncertainty varied with signature type, local measurement conditions and catchment behavior, with the highest uncertainties (median relative uncertainty ±30–40% across all catchments) for signatures measuring high‐ and low‐flow magnitude and dynamics. Our regionalization method allowed assessing the role and relative magnitudes of the gauged and regionalized uncertainty sources in shaping the signature uncertainty distributions predicted for catchments treated as ungauged. We found that (1) if the gauged uncertainties were neglected there was a clear risk of overconditioning the regionalization inference, e.g., by attributing catchment differences resulting from gauged uncertainty to differences in catchment behavior, and (2) uncertainty in the regionalization results was lower for signatures measuring flow distribution (e.g., mean flow) than flow dynamics (e.g., autocorrelation), and for average flows (and then high flows) compared to low flows.Key Points:We quantify impact of data uncertainty on signatures and their regionalizationMedian signature uncertainty ±10–40%, and highly variable across catchmentsNeglecting gauging uncertainty causes overconditioning of regionalizationPeer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137249/1/wrcr21917-sup-0001-2015WR017635-s01.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137249/2/wrcr21917.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137249/3/wrcr21917_am.pd

Identifying streamgage networks for maximizing the effectiveness of regional water balance modeling

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/98795/1/wrcr20233.pd